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Monitoring and assessment of Dracaena-based constructed vertical flow wetlands treating textile dye wastewater.

ABSTRACT: The monitoring and assessment of multiple constructed vertical flow wetlands (CVFWs) treating textile dye wastewater (metanil yellow as dye) are studied covering three seasons. Three CVFWs (CVFW-1, dye-5 mg/l; CVFW-2, dye-50 mg/l; and CVFW-3, dye-100 mg/l) and a control (dye-5 mg/l) were used. The CVFWs with Dracaena (an ornamental plant) efficiently removed contaminants like dye, COD, NH₄⁺-N, and PO₄^3--P from the wastewater under varying inlet dye concentrations, indicating its dependence on meteorological conditions. Substantial dye removal was observed to be maximum in summer (control, 44.3%; CVFW-1, 75.1%; CVFW-2, 76.1%; CVFW-3, 46%), but lesser in winter (control, 45%; CVFW-1, 73.1%; CVFW-2, 76.8%; CVFW-3, 42.6%) and minimum in monsoon (control, 40.8%; CVFW-1, 63.5%; CVFW-2, 51.6%; CVFW-3, 37.1%), respectively. Efficiency was less in CVFW-3 as it observed plant stress due to higher inlet dye concentration. COD removal was higher in winter, followed by summer and monsoon. A first-order kinetic model was used to investigate the efficiency of the CVFW system w.r.t. contaminant removal. Various functional groups were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) from the inlet and outlet water samples of different CVFWs. The Dracaena accumulated various elements and oxides during the treatment with no stress on its health. No effects on plant health highlight the suitability of Dracaena for textile wastewater treatment. The results were validated using statistical tools like the Mann-Whitney U test and principal component analysis (PCA).

SUBMITTER: Muduli M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9444094 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Monitoring and assessment of Dracaena-based constructed vertical flow wetlands treating textile dye wastewater.

Muduli Monali M Choudhary Meena M Haldar Soumya S Ray Sanak S

Environmental monitoring and assessment 20220905 10

The monitoring and assessment of multiple constructed vertical flow wetlands (CVFWs) treating textile dye wastewater (metanil yellow as dye) are studied covering three seasons. Three CVFWs (CVFW-1, dye-5 mg/l; CVFW-2, dye-50 mg/l; and CVFW-3, dye-100 mg/l) and a control (dye-5 mg/l) were used. The CVFWs with Dracaena (an ornamental plant) efficiently removed contaminants like dye, COD, NH4+-N, and PO43--P from the wastewater under varying inlet dye con ...[more]

PMID: 36064995

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Project description:Petroleum-industry wastewater (PI-WW) is a potential source of water that can be reused in areas suffering from water stress. This water contains various fractions that need to be removed before reuse, such as light hydrocarbons, heavy metals and conditioning chemicals. Constructed wetlands (CWs) can remove these fractions, but the range of PI-WW salinities that can be treated in CWs and the influence of an increasing salinity on the CW removal efficiency for abovementioned fractions is unknown. Therefore, the impact of an increasing salinity on the removal of conditioning chemicals benzotriazole, aromatic hydrocarbon benzoic acid, and heavy metal zinc in lab-scale unplanted and Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia planted vertical-flow CWs was tested in the present study. P. australis was less sensitive than T. latifolia to increasing salinities and survived with a NaCl concentration of 12 g/L. The decay of T. latifolia was accompanied by a decrease in the removal efficiency for benzotriazole and benzoic acid, indicating that living vegetation enhanced the removal of these chemicals. Increased salinities resulted in the leaching of zinc from the planted CWs, probably as a result of active plant defence mechanisms against salt shocks that solubilized zinc. Plant growth also resulted in substantial evapotranspiration, leading to an increased salinity of the CW treated effluent. A too high salinity limits the reuse of the CW treated water. Therefore, CW treatment should be followed by desalination technologies to obtain salinities suitable for reuse. In this technology train, CWs enhance the efficiency of physicochemical desalination technologies by removing organics that induce membrane fouling. Hence, P. australis planted CWs are a suitable option for the treatment of water with a salinity below 12 g/L before further treatment or direct reuse in water scarce areas worldwide, where CWs may also boost the local biodiversity. Graphical abstract.

Dataset Information

Monitoring and assessment of Dracaena-based constructed vertical flow wetlands treating textile dye wastewater.

Publications

Monitoring and assessment of Dracaena-based constructed vertical flow wetlands treating textile dye wastewater.

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