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Water-Soluble Vitamins and Trace Elements Losses during On-Line Hemodiafiltration.

ABSTRACT: Maintenance hemodialysis induces water-soluble vitamins and trace elements losses, which is why recommendations regarding potential supplementation were provided, but mainly based on conventional hemodialysis. This study's aim was to measure the water-soluble vitamins and trace element losses during one on-line post-dilution hemodiafiltration (HDF) session. Thirty-nine patients under maintenance HDF were enrolled. We used the Theraflux^® sampler (Theradial Corp., Orvault, France) to analyze the full session dialysate mass transfer. Blood and dialysate samples were collected before and after one HDF session to measure B1, B2, B6, B9, B12, C vitamins, zinc, and selenium concentrations. Values significantly decreased for B1 (20.2%), B2 (13%), B6 (25.4%), B9 (32.6%), C (66.6%) and selenium (6.7%). No significant differences were found for vitamin B12 and zinc. The dialysate losses per session were 1.12 ± 0.88 mg for vitamin B1, 0.28 ± 0.30 mg for B2, 0.33 ± 0.09 mg for B6, 0.3 ± 0.18 mg for B9, 147.5 ± 145.50 mg for C and 25.75 ± 6.91 mg for zinc. Vitamin B12 and selenium were under detection values. In conclusion, during a standard 4hr-HDF session, we found important losses for vitamin B1, B6, B9, C and zinc, suggesting the need for regular monitoring of plasma levels and systematic supplementation of these compounds.

SUBMITTER: Bevier A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9458110 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Water-Soluble Vitamins and Trace Elements Losses during On-Line Hemodiafiltration.

Bévier Alban A Novel-Catin Etienne E Blond Emilie E Pelletier Solenne S Parant Francois F Koppe Laetitia L Fouque Denis D

Nutrients 20220823 17

Maintenance hemodialysis induces water-soluble vitamins and trace elements losses, which is why recommendations regarding potential supplementation were provided, but mainly based on conventional hemodialysis. This study's aim was to measure the water-soluble vitamins and trace element losses during one on-line post-dilution hemodiafiltration (HDF) session. Thirty-nine patients under maintenance HDF were enrolled. We used the Theraflux<sup>®</sup> sampler (Theradial Corp., Orvault, France) to an ...[more]

PMID: 36079711

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Project description:Our knowledge of the mechanisms and regulation of intestinal absorption of water-soluble vitamins under normal physiological conditions, and of the factors/conditions that affect and interfere with theses processes has been significantly expanded in recent years as a result of the availability of a host of valuable molecular/cellular tools. Although structurally and functionally unrelated, the water-soluble vitamins share the feature of being essential for normal cellular functions, growth and development, and that their deficiency leads to a variety of clinical abnormalities that range from anaemia to growth retardation and neurological disorders. Humans cannot synthesize water-soluble vitamins (with the exception of some endogenous synthesis of niacin) and must obtain these micronutrients from exogenous sources. Thus body homoeostasis of these micronutrients depends on their normal absorption in the intestine. Interference with absorption, which occurs in a variety of conditions (e.g. congenital defects in the digestive or absorptive system, intestinal disease/resection, drug interaction and chronic alcohol use), leads to the development of deficiency (and sub-optimal status) and results in clinical abnormalities. It is well established now that intestinal absorption of the water-soluble vitamins ascorbate, biotin, folate, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin and thiamin is via specific carrier-mediated processes. These processes are regulated by a variety of factors and conditions, and the regulation involves transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional mechanisms. Also well recognized now is the fact that the large intestine possesses specific and efficient uptake systems to absorb a number of water-soluble vitamins that are synthesized by the normal microflora. This source may contribute to total body vitamin nutrition, and especially towards the cellular nutrition and health of the local colonocytes. The present review aims to outline our current understanding of the mechanisms involved in intestinal absorption of water-soluble vitamins, their regulation, the cell biology of the carriers involved and the factors that negatively affect these absorptive events.

Project description:IntroductionThe measurement of water-soluble vitamins is essential to diagnose and monitor various vitamin deficiencies. Establishing stability limits for these vitamins is crucial to ensure accurate laboratory testing. This study aimed to assess the stability of commonly measured water-soluble vitamins under different storage conditions to improve the accuracy of water-soluble vitamins measurement.MethodsThe stability of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxic acid and pyridoxal, biotin, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHF), and ascorbic acid was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We investigated some pre-analytical factors: the effect of different storage temperatures and times variation between serum and plasma samples, and the impact of ice bath on the sample before centrifugation. We evaluated stability based on differences from the baseline.ResultsThiamine, pyridoxal, and ascorbic acid in serum exhibited instability at room temperature and 2-8°C. Riboflavin and 5-MTHF in serum were only stable for up to 48 and 72 h at 2-8°C. However, when stored at -20°C, all water-soluble vitamins remained stable for up to 72 h, whereas at -80°C, stability was maintained for up to 7 days. All vitamins in whole blood, except nicotinamide, were stable for up to 2-4 h when stored in an ice bath.ConclusionsWater-soluble vitamins, such as thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxal, and ascorbic acid, are unstable at room temperature and 2-8°C. All vitamins were stable for up to 7 days and stored at -80°C. The ice bath improved the stability of whole blood samples before centrifugation. Thus, laboratories should ensure appropriate storage conditions to maintain pre-analytical quality for vitamin measurements.IntroductionThe measurement of water-soluble vitamins is essential to diagnose and monitor various vitamin deficiencies. Establishing stability limits for these vitamins is crucial to ensure accurate laboratory testing. This study aimed to assess the stability of commonly measured water-soluble vitamins under different storage conditions to improve the accuracy of water-soluble vitamins measurement.MethodsThe stability of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxic acid and pyridoxal, biotin, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHF), and ascorbic acid was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We investigated some pre-analytical factors: the effect of different storage temperatures and times variation between serum and plasma samples, and the impact of ice bath on the sample before centrifugation. We evaluated stability based on differences from the baseline.ResultsThiamine, pyridoxal, and ascorbic acid in serum exhibited instability at room temperature and 2-8°C. Riboflavin and 5-MTHF in serum were only stable for up to 48 and 72 h at 2-8°C. However, when stored at -20°C, all water-soluble vitamins remained stable for up to 72 h, whereas at -80°C, stability was maintained for up to 7 days. All vitamins in whole blood, except nicotinamide, were stable for up to 2-4 h when stored in an ice bath.ConclusionsWater-soluble vitamins, such as thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxal, and ascorbic acid, are unstable at room temperature and 2-8°C. All vitamins were stable for up to 7 days and stored at -80°C. The ice bath improved the stability of whole blood samples before centrifugation. Thus, laboratories should ensure appropriate storage conditions to maintain pre-analytical quality for vitamin measurements.

Project description:In this study, the water-solubility and sources of metals and trace elements in both fine and coarse particulate matter (PM) were investigated in Central Los Angeles. Sampling was performed in the winter, spring, and summer of 2022 at the Particle Instrumentation Unit (PIU) of the University of Southern California located in the proximity of I-110 freeway. Both fine and coarse PM samples were collected using Personal Cascade Impactors (PCIS) and chemically analyzed to determine their water-soluble and water-insoluble metal content. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used to determine the sources of soluble and insoluble metals and obtain their contributions to total metal concentration. Our results indicate that the water-solubility of most of the metals is higher in the fine size fraction compared to the coarse fraction. Seasonal variations in the water solubility of selected metals for both coarse and fine fractions were observed, with higher water-soluble metal concentrations in summer for several species (e.g., Fe, S, Pb, Cu, La, Ni, and Al), possibly due to higher photochemical processing, while in winter, almost all species exhibited higher insoluble fraction concentrations. The PCA and MLR analyses results showed that tire and brake wear was the most significant contributor to the total metals for both fine soluble and insoluble portions, accounting for 35% and 75% of the total metals, respectively. Combustion sources also contributed substantially to water-soluble metals for fine and coarse size ranges, representing 40% and 32% of the total metal mass, respectively. In addition, mineral dust and soil and re-suspended dust were identified as the highest contributors to coarse metals. The MLR analysis also revealed that secondary aerosols contributed 11% to the fine water-soluble metals. Our results suggest that non-tailpipe emissions significantly contribute to both coarse and fine PM metals in the Central Los Angeles region.

Project description:BackgroundAlthough multivitamin products are widely used as dietary supplements to maintain health or as special medical food in certain diseases, the effects of these products were not investigated in diabetes mellitus, a major cardiovascular risk factor. Therefore, here we investigated if a preparation of different minerals, vitamins, and trace elements (MVT) for human use affects the severity of experimental diabetes.MethodsTwo days old neonatal Wistar rats from both genders were injected with 100 mg/kg of streptozotocin or its vehicle to induce diabetes. At week 4, rats were fed with an MVT preparation or vehicle for 8 weeks. Well established diagnostic parameters of diabetes, i.e. fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test were performed at week 4, 8 and 12. Moreover, serum insulin and blood HbA1c were measured at week 12.ResultsAn impaired glucose tolerance has been found in streptozotocin-treated rats in both genders at week 4. In males, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were significantly increased and glucose tolerance and serum insulin was decreased at week 12 in the vehicle-treated diabetic group as compared to the vehicle-treated non-diabetic group. All of the diagnostic parameters of diabetes were significantly improved by MVT treatment in male rats. In females, streptozotocin treatment resulted in a less severe prediabetic-like phenotype as only glucose tolerance and HbA1c were altered by the end of the study in the vehicle-treated diabetic group as compared to the vehicle-treated non-diabetic group. MVT treatment failed to improve the diagnostic parameters of diabetes in female streptozotocin-treated rats.ConclusionThis is the first demonstration that MVT significantly attenuates the progression of diabetes in male rats with chronic experimental diabetes. Moreover, we have confirmed that females are less sensitive to STZ-induced diabetes and MVT preparation did not show protection against prediabetic state. This may suggest a gender difference in the pathogenesis of diabetes.

Dataset Information

Water-Soluble Vitamins and Trace Elements Losses during On-Line Hemodiafiltration.

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Water-Soluble Vitamins and Trace Elements Losses during On-Line Hemodiafiltration.

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