Dataset Information

Immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Provide a narrative review of the literature describing immunological concepts and novel approaches in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background

In 2016, two anti-PD1 antibodies, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, were shown to improve overall survival in patients with recurrent/metastatic HNSCC and were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the second line, cisplatin-resistant setting, although the overall response rates were only about 15%. More recently, pembrolizumab was approved for use in the first-line R/M setting as monotherapy in patients with CPS >1 or in combination with chemotherapy regardless of PD-L1 expression. Interestingly, while response rates with combination therapy were increased compared to pembrolizumab alone, the duration of response was shorter than might be expected. Based on a growing amount of evidence in other types of cancer treated with various combinations of immunotherapy, similar concepts are being studied in HNSCC, both in pre-clinical models and in clinical trials.

Methods

A review of the literature was conducted using the Medline-PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. Main topics were selected for review, including basic immunology background, checkpoint inhibition, neoadjuvant immunotherapy, the combination of immunotherapy with radiation therapy and chemotherapy, intratumoral immunotherapy, and future prospects.

Conclusions

There is an ongoing effort, which is supported by an increasing body of evidence, to enhance response rates with combinations of immunotherapy with other immunotherapy agents, targeted small molecules, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. The clinician and the scientist should be familiarized with basic immunologic concepts, key findings in recent clinical trials, and current indications for administering immunotherapy.

SUBMITTER: Sharon S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9469879 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review.

Sharon Shay S Bell R Bryan RB

Frontiers of oral and maxillofacial medicine 20220910

<h4>Objective</h4>Provide a narrative review of the literature describing immunological concepts and novel approaches in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.<h4>Background</h4>In 2016, two anti-PD1 antibodies, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, were shown to improve overall survival in patients with recurrent/metastatic HNSCC and were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the second line, cisplatin-resistant setting, although the overall response rates wer ...[more]

PMID: 36105623

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Project description:To show the relationship between antibody delivery and therapeutic efficacy in head and neck cancers, in this study we evaluated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted immunotherapy and radioimmunotherapy by quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.EGFR expression on UM-SCC-22B and SCC1 human head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) cells were determined by flow cytometry and immunostaining. Tumor delivery and distribution of cetuximab in tumor-bearing nude mice were evaluated with small animal PET using (64)Cu-DOTA-cetuximab. The in vitro toxicity of cetuximab to HNSCC cells was evaluated by MTT assay. The tumor-bearing mice were then treated with four doses of cetuximab at 10 mg/kg per dose, and tumor growth was evaluated by caliper measurement. FDG PET was done after the third dose of antibody administration to evaluate tumor response. Apoptosis and tumor cell proliferation after cetuximab treatment were analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling and Ki-67 staining. Radioimmunotherapy was done with (90)Y-DOTA-cetuximab.EGFR expression on UM-SCC-22B cells is lower than that on SCC1 cells. However, the UM-SCC-22B tumors showed much higher (64)Cu-DOTA-cetuximab accumulation than the SCC1 tumors. Cetuximab-induced apoptosis in SCC1 tumors and tumor growth was significantly inhibited, whereas an agonistic effect of cetuximab on UM-SCC-22B tumor growth was observed. After cetuximab treatment, the SCC1 tumors showed decreased FDG uptake, and the UM-SCC-22B tumors had increased FDG uptake. UM-SCC-22B tumors are more responsive to (90)Y-DOTA-cetuximab treatment than SCC1 tumors, partially due to the high tumor accumulation of the injected antibody.Cetuximab has an agonistic effect on the growth of UM-SCC-22B tumors, indicating that tumor response to cetuximab treatment is not necessarily related to EGFR expression and antibody delivery efficiency, as determined by PET imaging. Although PET imaging with antibodies as tracers has limited function in patient screening, it can provide guidance for targeted therapy using antibodies as delivery vehicles.

Dataset Information

Immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review.

Objective

Background

Methods

Conclusions

Publications

Immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review.

Similar Datasets

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