Dataset Information

Adverse childhood experiences, child poverty, and adiposity trajectories from childhood to adolescence: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

This study investigated associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in early childhood (at ages 9 months and 3 years) and adiposity trajectories of children/adolescents from age 5 to age 17, and the potential interaction between ACEs and poverty on adiposity trajectories.

Methods

Data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study was used. Eight commonly studied ACEs and poverty were measured when the child was aged 9 months and 3 years. ACEs were considered as a cumulative score and as individual experiences. Linear-mixed effect models were employed, modelling BMI and fat mass index (FMI) trajectories from age 5 to 17 (main outcome), adjusting for covariates and stratified by sex. Interactions with poverty were also tested. The sample sizes were 7282 and 6912 for BMI and FMI sample respectively.

Results

Cumulative ACE score was associated with steeper increase in BMI and FMI among boys with 3+ ACEs (BMI: β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02-0.24; FMI: β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01-0.19). For individual ACEs, parental depression was associated with steeper increase in BMI/FMI trajectories in both sexes (BMI: boys: β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.07-0.23, girls: β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.05-0.20; FMI: boys: β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03-0.15, girls: β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02-0.16). In addition, parental separation and physical punishment were associated with steeper increase in BMI/FMI trajectories among girls (BMI: parental separation: β = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.06-0.44, physical punishment: β = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.03-0.26; FMI: parental separation: β = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.03-0.37, physical punishment: β = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.22). No interaction effect had been found between ACEs and poverty on the adiposity trajectories.

Conclusions

A complex relationship between ACEs in early childhood and adiposity trajectories for children/adolescents was found, highlighting the different effects of specific ACEs and sex differences in the association.

SUBMITTER: Deng K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9492536 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Adverse childhood experiences, child poverty, and adiposity trajectories from childhood to adolescence: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study.

Deng Keyao K Lacey Rebecca E RE

International journal of obesity (2005) 20220715 10

<h4>Objective</h4>This study investigated associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in early childhood (at ages 9 months and 3 years) and adiposity trajectories of children/adolescents from age 5 to age 17, and the potential interaction between ACEs and poverty on adiposity trajectories.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study was used. Eight commonly studied ACEs and poverty were measured when the child was aged 9 months and 3 years. ACEs were considered as a cum ...[more]

PMID: 35840773

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Project description:Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have life-course impact and may be associated with healthy aging. This study aimed to explore the association between ACEs and healthy aging trajectories among middle- and older-aged adults in China. The data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2018. A total of 8906 respondents were enrolled in the analysis. Through latent growth mixture model, five categories of healthy aging trajectories which defined as 'stable type with high starting point', 'stable type at the middle level', 'stable type with low starting point', 'rapid descending type with high starting point', and 'stable descending type with medium starting point' were identified. Based on multinomial logistic regression, ACEs were significantly associated with healthy aging trajectories (stable type at the middle level/stable type with high starting point: relative risk reduction [RRR] = 1.19; P < 0.01; 95% CI = 1.16-1.23; stable type with low starting point/stable type with high starting point: RRR = 1.35; P < 0.01; 95%CI = 1.21-1.51; rapid descending type with high starting point/stable type with high starting point: RRR = 1.09; P < 0.1; 95% CI = 0.99-1.19; and stable descending type with medium starting point/stable type with high starting point: RRR = 1.30; P < 0.01; 95% CI = 1.23-1.38). When treating ACEs as a categorical variable, the healthy aging trajectory of the rapid descending type with a high starting point was not affected by any ACE groups. Further analysis of the relationship between each ACE and the trajectories of healthy aging reveals that parental disability, household mental illness, domestic violence, physical abuse, unsafe neighbourhood and bullying had significant impacts on almost every developmental trajectory of unhealthy aging. The government should promote the realisation of healthy aging from the perspective of the entire population and life cycle, intervene early in life, avoid the occurrence of ACEs as much as possible, and minimize the harm done by ACEs as much as possible.

Project description:Study questionDo the parent-child relationships of adolescents born after medically assisted reproduction (MAR) using the parents' own gametes differ from those of adolescents born after natural conception (NC)?Summary answerMAR and NC families have similar parent-child relationships in terms of closeness and conflict frequency, except that MAR mothers report being closer to their children than NC mothers.What is known alreadyPrior work on parent-child relationships during childhood has reported mixed findings. While some studies have documented no differences between MAR and NC families, others have shown that MAR families have greater levels of warmth and positive feelings than NC families. Evidence on parent-child relationships during the adolescent period is generally positive but is limited because of the small number of existing studies and the reliance on small samples.Study design, size, durationThis work is based on the UK Millennium Cohort Study, whose study members were born in 2000-2002. The analyses focused on Sweep 6 which was collected when cohort members were around 14 years old. We also relied on variables collected in Sweep 1, when cohort members were aged around 9 months, to account for characteristics that could confound or mediate the relationship between MAR and our outcomes. The attrition rate between Sweeps 1 and 6 was 36.7%.Participants/materials, setting, methodsThe final sample consisted of 10 233 cohort members, 320 of whom were conceived with the help of MAR (3.1%). A total of six dependent variables were used to measure, when the cohort members were around 14 years old, levels of parent-child closeness and conflict, reported separately by the mother, the father and the cohort member. Linear models were used to analyse the association between parent-child relationships before and after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics and mental health.Main results and the role of chanceSweep 6 achieved a response rate of 76.3% of the eligible sample. The results show that, on average, MAR and NC families had similar parent-child relationships in terms of closeness and conflict frequency. The only difference was that MAR mothers reported being closer to their children than NC mothers both before (β = 0.149, P < 0.05) and after (β = 0.102, P < 0.1) adjustment for family socio-demographic characteristics and mental health.Limitations, reasons for cautionThe outcome variables are self-reported by each of the respondents and could be subject to social desirability bias. Second, some parents may have not reported they conceived through donor insemination, which could result in the analytical sample including a small subset of children who were not genetically related to their parents. Third, the data did not include information about whether the children were aware of their conception mode, since the Millennium Cohort Study did not collect information on MAR disclosure. Moreover, they did not allow us to study other aspects of parent-child relationships. Finally, as we observed parent-child relationships at only one moment in time; we were unable to test whether they changed over time.Wider implications of the findingsThe results suggest that the difficulties and the stress parents underwent to conceive through MAR did not translate into more difficult parent-child relationships during adolescence. Given the increasing number of children conceived via MAR, the finding that MAR and NC families had similar parent-child relationships in terms of closeness and conflict frequency is reassuring.Study funding/competing interest(s)This work was supported by European Research Council agreement n. 803959 (MARTE to A.G.). The authors declare no competing interests.Trial registration numbern/a.

Dataset Information

Adverse childhood experiences, child poverty, and adiposity trajectories from childhood to adolescence: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Adverse childhood experiences, child poverty, and adiposity trajectories from childhood to adolescence: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study.

Similar Datasets

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