Dataset Information

Fe²⁺ protects postharvest pitaya (Hylocereus undulatus britt) from Aspergillus. flavus infection by directly binding its genomic DNA.

ABSTRACT: Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) is a postharvest fungus, causing pitaya fruit decay and limiting pitaya value and shelf life. However, safer and more efficient methods for preventing A. flavus contamination for pitaya fruit remain to be investigated. In this study, we successfully proved exogenous Fe²⁺ could inhibit A. flavus colonization in pitaya fruit and extend pitaya's shelf life after harvest. Moreover, gel electrophoresis, CD analysis and Raman spectrum tests revealed Fe²⁺ could more effectively and thoroughly promote conidial death by directly binding to A. flavus DNA. Increased expression of DNA damage repair-related genes after Fe²⁺ treatment was observed by transcription analysis, which might eventually lead to SOS response in A. flavus. These results indicated Fe²⁺ could prevent A. flavus infestation on pitaya in a novel, quickly responsive mechanism. Our results shed light on the potential application of Fe²⁺ in the food industry and provided a more universal antifungal agent against food pathogens.

SUBMITTER: Yao L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9513725 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fe2+ protects postharvest pitaya (Hylocereus undulatus britt) from Aspergillus. flavus infection by directly binding its genomic DNA.

Yao Lishan L Zhang Tao T Peng Shurui S Xu Dan D Liu Zhenbin Z Li Hongbo H Hu Liangbin L Mo Haizhen H

Food chemistry. Molecular sciences 20220921

Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) is a postharvest fungus, causing pitaya fruit decay and limiting pitaya value and shelf life. However, safer and more efficient methods for preventing A. flavus contamination for pitaya fruit remain to be investigated. In this study, we successfully proved exogenous Fe2+ could inhibit A. flavus colonization in pitaya fruit and extend pitaya's shelf life after harvest. Moreover, gel electrophoresis, CD analysis and Raman spectrum test ...[more]

PMID: 36177106

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Project description:MicroRNA396 (miR396) is a conserved microRNA family that targets growth-regulating factors (GRFs), which play significant roles in plant growth and stress responses. Available evidence justifies the idea that miR396-targeted GRFs have important functions in many plant species; however, no genome-wide analysis of the pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) miR396 gene has yet been reported. Further, its biological functions remain elusive. To uncover the regulatory roles of miR396 and its targets, the hairpin sequence of pitaya miR396b and the open reading frame (ORF) of its target, HpGRF6, were isolated from pitaya. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the precursor miR396b (MIR396b) gene of plants might be clustered into three major groups, and, generally, a more recent evolutionary relationship in the intra-family has been demonstrated. The sequence analysis indicated that the binding site of hpo-miR396b in HpGRF6 is located at the conserved motif which codes the conserved "RSRKPVE" amino acid in the Trp-Arg-Cys (WRC) region. In addition, degradome sequencing analysis confirmed that four GRFs (GRF1, c56908.graph_c0; GRF4, c52862.graph_c0; GRF6, c39378.graph_c0 and GRF9, c54658.graph_c0) are hpo-miR396b targets that are regulated by specific cleavage at the binding site between the 10th and 11th nucleotides from the 5' terminus of hpo-miR396b. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that hpo-miR396b is down-regulated when confronted with drought stress (15% polyethylene glycol, PEG), and its expression fluctuates under other abiotic stresses, i.e., low temperature (4 ± 1 °C), high temperature (42 ± 1 °C), NaCl (100 mM), and abscisic acid (ABA; 0.38 mM). Conversely, the expression of HpGRF6 showed the opposite trend to exposure to these abiotic stresses. Taken together, hpo-miR396b plays a regulatory role in the control of HpGRF6, which might influence the abiotic stress response of pitaya. This is the first documentation of this role in pitaya and improves the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance to drought stress in this fruit.

Project description:BackgroundCanker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is the most serious disease that attacks the pitaya industry. One pathogenic fungus, referred to as ND8, was isolated from the wild-type red-fleshed pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) of Hainan Province. In the early stages of this disease, stems show little spots and a loss of green color. These spots then gradually spread until the stems became rotten due to infection by various strains. Canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum poses a significant threat to pitaya commercial plantations with the growth of stems and the yields, quality of pitaya fruits. However, a lack of transcriptomic and genomic information hinders our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pitaya defense response.ResultsWe investigated the host responses of red-fleshed pitaya (H. polyrhizus) cultivars against N. dimidiatum using Illumina RNA-Seq technology. Significant expression profiles of 23 defense-related genes were further analyzed by qRT-PCR. The total read length based on RNA-Seq was 25,010,007; mean length was 744, the N50 was 1206, and the guanine-cytosine content was 44.48%. Our investigation evaluated 33,584 unigenes, of which 6209 (18.49%) and 27,375 (81.51%) were contigs and singlets, respectively. These unigenes shared a similarity of 16.62% with Vitis vinifera, 7.48% with Theobroma cacao, 6.6% with Nelumbo nucifera and 5.35% with Jatropha curcas. The assembled unigenes were annotated into non-redundant (NR, 25161 unigenes), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG, 17895 unigenes), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG, 10475 unigenes), InterPro (19,045 unigenes), and Swiss-Prot public protein databases (16,458 unigenes). In addition, 24 differentially expressed genes, which were mainly associated with plant pathology pathways, were analyzed in-depth.ConclusionsThis study provides a basis for further in-depth research on the protein function of the annotated unigene assembly with cDNA sequences.

Dataset Information

Fe²⁺ protects postharvest pitaya (Hylocereus undulatus britt) from Aspergillus. flavus infection by directly binding its genomic DNA.

Publications

Fe<sup>2+</sup> protects postharvest pitaya (<i>Hylocereus undulatus britt)</i> from <i>Aspergillus. flavus</i> infection by directly binding its genomic DNA.

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