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Lifestyle, Demographic and Socio-Economic Determinants of Mental Health Disorders of Employees in the European Countries.

ABSTRACT: Ensuring the health and well-being of workers should be a top priority for employers and governments. The aim of the article is to evaluate and rank the importance of mental health determinants: lifestyle, demographic factors and socio-economic status. The research study is based on EHIS 2013-2015 data for a sample of N = 140,791 employees from 30 European countries. The results obtained using machine learning techniques such as gradient-boosted trees and SHAPley values show that the mental health of European employees is strongly determined by the BMI, age and social support from close people. The next vital features are alcohol consumption, an unmet need for health care and sports activity, followed by the affordability of medicine or treatment, income and occupation. The wide range of variables clearly indicates that there is an important role for governments to play in order to minimize the risk of mental disorders across various socio-economic groups. It is also a signal for businesses to help boost the mental health of their employees by creating holistic, mentally friendly working conditions, such as offering time-management training, implementing morning briefings, offering quiet areas, making employees feel valued, educating them about depression and burnout symptoms, and promoting a healthy lifestyle.

SUBMITTER: Majcherek D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9565551 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lifestyle, Demographic and Socio-Economic Determinants of Mental Health Disorders of Employees in the European Countries.

Majcherek Dawid D Kowalski Arkadiusz Michał AM Lewandowska Małgorzata Stefania MS

International journal of environmental research and public health 20220921 19

Ensuring the health and well-being of workers should be a top priority for employers and governments. The aim of the article is to evaluate and rank the importance of mental health determinants: lifestyle, demographic factors and socio-economic status. The research study is based on EHIS 2013-2015 data for a sample of N = 140,791 employees from 30 European countries. The results obtained using machine learning techniques such as gradient-boosted trees and SHAPley values show that the mental heal ...[more]

PMID: 36231214

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Project description:IntroductionEmpowerment is considered pivotal for how women access and use health care services and experience their sexual and reproductive rights. In Mozambique, women's empowerment requires a better understanding and contextualization, including looking at factors that could drive empowerment in that context. This study aims to identify socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioural determinants of different domains of women's empowerment in Mozambique.MethodsUsing the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 2015 for Mozambique, a sample of 2072 women aged between 15 and 49 years old were included in this study. The DHS's indicators of women's empowerment were used in a principal component analysis and the obtained components were identified as the domains of empowerment. Logistic regressions were run to estimate the association of socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioural characteristics with each domain of empowerment. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.ResultsThree domains of women's empowerment were identified, namely (1) Beliefs about violence against women, (2) Decision-making, and (3) Control over sexuality and safe sex. Region, rurality, the experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) and partner's controlling behaviours were associated with Beliefs about violence against women, while Decision-making and Control over sexuality and safe sex were also associated with education, age and wealth. Employment, polygamous marriage and religion was positively associated with Decision-making, and access to media increased the odds of Control over sexuality and safe sex.ConclusionWomen's empowerment seems to be determined by different socio-economic, demographic, and behavioural factors and this seems to be closely related to different domains of empowerment identified. This finding affirms the multi-dimensionality of empowerment as well as the importance of considering the context- and community-specific characteristics.

Project description:Bangladesh is currently going through a nutritional transition with rapid increase in overnutrition while undernutrition is still remaining prevalent. Nevertheless, population-based data on demographic, socio-economic and lifestyle factors associated with underweight and overweight among adult population is scarce. Employing a nationwide cross-sectional survey, we collected anthropometric, demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle and dietary information from 12,180 adults aged ≥35 years. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated using standard formula and categorized into underweight (<18.50), normal weight (18.50-22.99), and overweight (≥23.00). Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with underweight and overweight. Overall, prevalence of underweight and overweight was 18.1% (95% CI: 17.5-18.8) and 33.7% (95% CI: 32.9-34.6), respectively. All the demographic, socio-economic, dietary and lifestyle factors showed significant association with nutritional status in bivariate analysis. In adjusted analysis, factors showing significant positive association with underweight included female gender (ARRR-1.38, 95% CI: 1.11-1.71), older age [compared to 35-39 years age group, ARRR (95% CI) for ≥ 70 years is 2.32 (1.89-2.86), for 60-69 years is 1.62 (1.36-1.93), for 50-59 years 1.34 (1.13-1.58) and for 40-49 years 1.05 (0.87-1.15)] and smoking habit (ARRR-1.32, 95% CI: 1.14-1.52) while factors showing significant inverse association with underweight included higher household wealth [compared to lowest wealth quintile, ARRR (95% CI) for highest quintile is 0.68 (0.55-0.84), for second highest quintile 0.77 (0.65-0.91), for middle quintile 0.81 (0.69-0.94) and for second lowest quintile 0.89 (0.77-1.03)], urban residence (ARRR-0.66, 95% CI: 0.66-0.90), and more frequent meat/fish and fruits consumption (ARRR-0.76, 95% CI: 0.65-0.90). On the other hand, factors significantly associated with increased risk of overweight included female gender (ARRR-1.35, 95% CI: 1.12-1.63), higher household wealth [compared to lowest wealth quintile, ARRR (95% CI) for highest quintile is 2.27 (1.93-2.68), for second highest quintile 1.67 (1.44-1.94), for middle quintile 1.26 (1.10-1.46) and for second lowest quintile 1.07 (0.93-1.24), excess food availability [compared to food shortage, ARRR (95% CI) for excess food in the household is 1.29 (1.12-1.47) and for no shortage/no excess is 1.23 (1.09-1.38) and more frequent fruits consumption [compared to no fruits, ARRR (95% CI) for 5-7 days per week consumption is 1.61 (1.41-1.83) and for 3-4 days per week is 1.28 (1.16-1.41) and factors significantly associated with decreased risk of overweight included older age [compared to 35-39 years age group, ARRR (95% CI) for ≥ 70 years is 0.77 (0.64-0.93), for 60-69 years is 0.82 (0.71-0.94), for 50-59 years 0.91 (0.80-1.04) and for 40-49 years 1.01 (0.89-1.15)] and smoking (ARRR-0.76, 95% CI: 0.68-0.86). Both underweight and overweight are prevalent in Bangladeshi adult population. Several demographic, socio-economic, dietary and lifestyle factors are associated with underweight and overweight in Bangladesh. Population level impact of these factors should be examined to design suitable public health and nutrition interventions to address this dual challenge.

Dataset Information

Lifestyle, Demographic and Socio-Economic Determinants of Mental Health Disorders of Employees in the European Countries.

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Lifestyle, Demographic and Socio-Economic Determinants of Mental Health Disorders of Employees in the European Countries.

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