Dataset Information

Clinical characteristics of pediatric cases infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a tertiary children's medical center in Shanghai, China.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The number of pediatric cases of infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant has increased. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics of children in a tertiary children's medical center in Shanghai.

Methods

A total of 676 pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases caused by the Omicron variant who were admitted to the Shanghai Children's Medical Center from March 28 to April 30, 2022 were enrolled in this single-center, prospective, observational real-world study. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics, especially COVID-19 vaccine status, were assessed.

Results

Children of all ages appeared susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, with no significant difference between sexes. A high SARS-CoV-2 viral load upon admission was associated with leukocytopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia (P = 0.003, P = 0.021, and P = 0.017, respectively) but not with physical symptoms or radiographic chest abnormalities. Univariable linear regression models indicated that comorbidities (P = 0.001) were associated with a longer time until viral clearance, and increasing age (P < 0.001) and two doses of COVID-19 vaccine (P = 0.001) were associated with a shorter time to viral clearance. Multivariable analysis revealed an independent effect of comorbidities (P < 0.001) and age (P = 0.003). The interaction effect between age and comorbidity showed that the negative association between age and time to virus clearance remained significant only in patients without underlying diseases (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study describes the clinical characteristics of children infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 and calls for additional studies to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of vaccination against COVID-19 in children.

SUBMITTER: Shen N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9574794 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Clinical characteristics of pediatric cases infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a tertiary children's medical center in Shanghai, China.

Shen Nan N Wu Yu-Fen YF Chen Yi-Wei YW Fang Xiao-Yan XY Zhou Min M Wang Wen-Yu WY Tang Ming-Yu MY Pan Qiu-Hui QH Ma Ji J Zhang Hao H Cao Qing Q

World journal of pediatrics : WJP 20221017 1

<h4>Background</h4>The number of pediatric cases of infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant has increased. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics of children in a tertiary children's medical center in Shanghai.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 676 pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases caused by the Omicron variant who were admitted to the Shanghai Children's Medical Center from March 28 to April 30, 2022 were enrolled in this ...[more]

PMID: 36251118

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Project description:Aims To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and sleep psychological problems of children and parents infected with familial aggregation Omicron variants under a parent-child ward treatment mode to provide a theoretical reference for the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of Omicron variant strains. Methods The clinical data of 225 children and 230 adult family members admitted were retrospectively collected and analyzed to investigate their clinical characteristics and response to treatments. Results The proportion of infected adults and children was the same, and the proportion of children with mild disease was higher than that of adults, but the clinical symptoms were milder. The clinical symptoms of fever, nausea, vomiting and wheezing in children were significantly higher than in adults (P < 0.05). In addition, dry pharynx, pharynx itching and pharyngeal pain were lower than in adults (P < 0.05). The time of turning negative in the moderate group was longer than in the mild group, and the time of turning negative in the unvaccinated group was higher than in the vaccinated group (P < 0.05). The Cycle Threshold Value (Ct value) of Open Reading Frame 1ab (ORF1ab) and Nucleocapsid protein (N) gene of children were higher adults. The increase in the rate of Ct value of ORF1ab and N gene in adults treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) was significantly higher than in those who underwent symptomatic treatment (P < 0.01). Based on the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ)score, we found varying levels of sleep problems in sleeping habits, latency and anxiety, night awakenings and abnormal sleep at all ages (P < 0.05). In the adult group, those with Self-Rating Scale of Sleep (SRSS) scores ≥3 accounted for more than 50% of adults with insomnia, sleep deprivation, sleep instability and early awakening. The proportion of adults with anxiety and depression was 21.3% and 16.4%. Conclusion Infections in children and adults during this pandemic were mainly associated with familial aggregation infections, and their clinical symptoms were mainly located in the upper respiratory tract. With comprehensive treatment, children became negative faster, vaccination led to faster recovery, and although some patients experienced sleeping and psychological issues, all patients had good prognoses following comprehensive diagnosis under a parent-child ward treatment mode. Omicron; Variants; COVID-19; Family cluster infection; Clinical features; Treatment outcome; Psychological sleep; Family ward.

Project description:BackgroundThe children infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are at risk of progressing to severe disease. Clinical characteristics treatment measures and prognosis of these special age group of patients have not been completely understood which necessitate more researches. This study sought to analyze the clinical characteristics of children infected with the Omicron variant to provide evidences for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the Omicron variant infection in children.MethodsThe subjects of this study included children hospitalized for the Omicron variant at Tianjin Binhai Hospital in November 2022. The data were collected from the electronic medical record system, and the clinical characteristics of the children were analyzed. The primary endpoints included the clinical presentation, laboratory tests, virological characteristics, treatment regimen, and clinical prognosis of the patients.ResultsA total of 49 patients were enrolled, of whom 32 (65.3%) were male. The patients had a median age of 10 (interquartile range, 6-11) years, and 34.7% of the patients received 2 or more coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. The main clinical manifestations of the patients were fever (79.6%) and cough (24.5%), with a maximum temperature of 42 ℃ and a median temperature of 39 (interquartile range, 38.4-39) ℃. The proportions of neutrophils and C-reactive protein were elevated by 50.0% and 25.0%, respectively. The total percentages of white blood cells and thrombocytopenia were 12.5% and 6.3%, respectively. D-dimer was examined in 6 cases, and was elevated to 1.77 μg/mL in 1 case (16.7%), and normal in 5 cases. The liver function, kidney function, and coagulation of 9 (100%) patients were all normal. After the anti-virus, anti-inflammatory response, antipyretic, and traditional Chinese medicine treatments, all the children were cured and discharged from the hospital. There were no severe cases.ConclusionsThe main manifestations of children infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant were fever and cough. Some children had a high fever, nasal congestion, runny nose, gastrointestinal symptoms, and rash. A proportion of 12.5% of patients have a white blood cell count less than 4×109/L, and 6.3% have thrombocytopenia. The prognosis of the child was favorable after treatment with antiviral, antipyretic, and traditional Chinese medicine.

Project description:BackgroundOmicron variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly become a global threat to public health. Numerous asymptomatic and mild cases had been admitted in shelter hospitals to quickly win the fight against Omicron pandemic in Shanghai. However, little is known about influencing factors for deterioration and length of stay (LOS) in hospitals among these non-severe cases.MethodsThis study included 12,555 non-severe cases with COVID-19 in largest shelter hospital of Shanghai, aiming to explore prognostic factors and build effective models for prediction of LOS.ResultsData showed that 75.0% of participants were initially asymptomatic. In addition, 94.6% were discharged within 10 days, only 0.3% with deterioration in hospitals. The multivariate analysis indicated that less comorbidities (OR = 1.792, P = 0.012) and booster vaccination (OR = 0.255, P = 0.015) was associated with the decreased risk of deterioration. Moreover, age (HR = 0.991, P < 0.001), number of symptoms (HR = 0.969, P = 0.005), time from diagnosis to admission (HR = 1.013, P = 0.001) and Cycle threshold (CT) values of N gene (HR = 1.081, P < 0.001) were significant factors associated with LOS. Based on these factors, a concise nomogram model for predicting patients discharged within 3 days or more than 10 days was built in the development cohort. In validation cohort, 0.75 and 0.73 of Areas under the curve (AUC) in nomograms, similar with AUC in models of simple machine learning, showed good performance in estimating LOS.ConclusionCollectively, this study not only provides important evidence to deeply understand clinical characteristics and risk factors of short-term prognosis in Shanghai Omicron outbreaks, but also offers a concise and effective nomogram model to predict LOS. Our findings will play critical roles in screening high-risk groups, providing advice on duration of quarantine and helping decision-makers with better preparation in outbreak of COVID-19.

Dataset Information

Clinical characteristics of pediatric cases infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a tertiary children's medical center in Shanghai, China.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Clinical characteristics of pediatric cases infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a tertiary children's medical center in Shanghai, China.

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