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Development of Anti-LRRC15 Small Fragments for Imaging Purposes Using a Phage-Display ScFv Approach.

ABSTRACT: The human leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 15 (LRRC15) is a membrane protein identified as a marker of CAF (cancer-associated fibroblast) cells whose overexpression is positively correlated with cancer grade and outcome. Nuclear molecular imaging (i.e., SPECT and PET) to track LRRC15 expression could be very useful in guiding further therapeutic strategies. In this study, we developed an ScFv mouse phage-display library to obtain small fragment antibodies against human LRRC15 for molecular imaging purposes. Mice were immunized with recombinant human LRRC15 (hLRRC15), and lymph node cells were harvested for ScFv (single-chain variable fragment) phage-display analysis. The built library was used for panning on cell lines with constitutive or induced expression after transfection. The choice of best candidates was performed by screening various other cell lines, using flow cytometry. The selected candidates were reformatted into Cys-ScFv or Cys-diabody by addition of cysteine, and cloned in mammalian expression vectors to obtain batches of small fragments that were further used in site-specific radiolabeling tests. The obtained library was 1.2 × 10⁷ cfu/µg with an insertion rate >95%. The two panning rounds performed on cells permittedenrichment of 2 × 10^-3. Screening with flow cytometry allowed us to identify 28 specific hLRRC15 candidates. Among these, two also recognized murine LRCC15 and were reformatted into Cys-ScFv and Cys-diabody. They were expressed transiently in a mammalian system to obtain 1.0 to 4.5 mg of Cys fragments ready for bioconjugation and radiolabeling. Thus, in this paper, we demonstrate the relevance of the phage-display ScFv library approach for the fast-track development of small antibodies for imaging and/or immunotherapy purposes.

SUBMITTER: Baurand PE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9604383 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Development of Anti-LRRC15 Small Fragments for Imaging Purposes Using a Phage-Display ScFv Approach.

Baurand Pierre-Emmanuel PE Balland Jérémy J Reynas Chloé C Ramseyer Mélanie M Vivier Delphine D Bellaye Pierre-Simon PS Collin Bertrand B Paul Catherine C Denat Franck F Asgarov Kamal K Pallandre Jean-René JR Ringenbach Laurence L

International journal of molecular sciences 20221021 20

The human leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 15 (LRRC15) is a membrane protein identified as a marker of CAF (cancer-associated fibroblast) cells whose overexpression is positively correlated with cancer grade and outcome. Nuclear molecular imaging (i.e., SPECT and PET) to track LRRC15 expression could be very useful in guiding further therapeutic strategies. In this study, we developed an ScFv mouse phage-display library to obtain small fragment antibodies against human LRRC15 for molecular ...[more]

PMID: 36293532

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Lymphocyte-activation gene (LAG)3 is a 498 aa transmembrane type I protein acting as an immune inhibitory receptor. It is expressed on activated lymphocytes, natural killer cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. In activated lymphocytes, LAG3 expression is involved in negative control of cell activation/proliferation to ensure modulation and control of immune responses. In view of its deregulated expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, LAG3, together with the additional immune checkpoint inhibitors CTLA4 and PD1, is considered a major target in order to reverse the immunosuppression typically mounting in oncologic diseases. Since many patients still fail to respond to current immune checkpoints-based therapies, the identification of new effective immune inhibitors is a priority in the ongoing fight against cancer. RESULTS:We identified a novel human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) Ab against a conformational epitope of LAG3 by in vitro phage display technology using the recombinant antigen as a bait. This scFv (referred to as F7) was characterized in terms of binding specificity to both recombinant antigen and human LAG3-expressing cells. It was then rebuilt into an IgG format pre-optimized for clinical usage, and the resulting bivalent construct was shown to preserve its ability to bind LAG3 on human cells. Next, we analyzed the activity of the anti-LAG3 scFvF7 using two different antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte clones as target cells. We proved that the reconstituted anti-LAG3 F7 Ab efficiently binds the cell membrane of both cell clones after peptide-activation. Still more significantly, we observed a striking increase in the peptide-dependent cell activation upon Ab treatment as measured in terms of IFN-γ release by both ELISA and ELISPOT assays. CONCLUSIONS:Overall, the biotechnological strategy described herein represents a guiding development model for the search of novel useful immune checkpoint inhibitors. In addition, our functional data propose a novel candidate reagent for consideration as a cancer treatment.

Project description:A large human natural single‑chain fragment variable (scFv) phage library was constructed based on Cre‑LoxP recombination, and used to successfully identify antibodies against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). The library was derived from 400 blood samples, 30 bone marrow samples, and 10 cord blood samples from healthy donors. Lymphocytes were isolated from each sample and cDNA was synthesized using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Two‑step overlap PCR was then used for scFv synthesis using a LoxP peptide as the linker. The scFv gene was inserted into the phagemid vector pDF by enzymatic digestion and ligation, and then transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) SS320 to establish a primary antibody library in the form of scFvs. A primary antibody library consisting of 5x107 peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood sources, as well as a primary antibody library of 5x107 bone marrow samples were obtained. By optimizing the recombination conditions, the primary phage library was used to infect E. coli BS1365 strain (which expresses the Cre enzyme), and a human scFv recombinant library with a size of 1x1011 was obtained through Cre‑LoxP enzyme‑mediated heavy and light chain replacement and recombination. This constructed recombinant library was employed to screen for antibodies against recombinant PCSK9. After four rounds of selection, a fully human antibody (3D2) was identified with a binding affinity of 1.96±1.56ⅹ10‑10 M towards PCSK9. In vitro, the PCSK9/low‑density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) pathway of Hep‑G2 cells was inhibited by 3D2 treatment, thereby increasing LDL uptake in these cells. In addition, combination treatment with 3D2 and statin was more effective at increasing LDLR levels than treatment with 3D2 or statin alone. Furthermore, 3D2 resulted in a 3‑fold increase in hepatic LDLR levels, and lowered total serum cholesterol by up to 61.5% in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that the constructed human Cre‑LoxP scFv phage display library can be used to screen fully human scFv, and that 3D2 may serve as a candidate hypolipidemic therapy.

Dataset Information

Development of Anti-LRRC15 Small Fragments for Imaging Purposes Using a Phage-Display ScFv Approach.

Publications

Development of Anti-LRRC15 Small Fragments for Imaging Purposes Using a Phage-Display ScFv Approach.

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