Dataset Information

Sea level extremes and compounding marine heatwaves in coastal Indonesia.

ABSTRACT: Low-lying island nations like Indonesia are vulnerable to sea level Height EXtremes (HEXs). When compounded by marine heatwaves, HEXs have larger ecological and societal impact. Here we combine observations with model simulations, to investigate the HEXs and Compound Height-Heat Extremes (CHHEXs) along the Indian Ocean coast of Indonesia in recent decades. We find that anthropogenic sea level rise combined with decadal climate variability causes increased occurrence of HEXs during 2010-2017. Both HEXs and CHHEXs are driven by equatorial westerly and longshore northwesterly wind anomalies. For most HEXs, which occur during December-March, downwelling favorable northwest monsoon winds are enhanced but enhanced vertical mixing limits surface warming. For most CHHEXs, wind anomalies associated with a negative Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and co-occurring La Niña weaken the southeasterlies and cooling from coastal upwelling during May-June and November-December. Our findings emphasize the important interplay between anthropogenic warming and climate variability in affecting regional extremes.

SUBMITTER: Han W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9613989 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Sea level extremes and compounding marine heatwaves in coastal Indonesia.

Han Weiqing W Zhang Lei L Meehl Gerald A GA Kido Shoichiro S Tozuka Tomoki T Li Yuanlong Y McPhaden Michael J MJ Hu Aixue A Cazenave Anny A Rosenbloom Nan N Strand Gary G West B Jason BJ Xing Wen W

Nature communications 20221027 1

Low-lying island nations like Indonesia are vulnerable to sea level Height EXtremes (HEXs). When compounded by marine heatwaves, HEXs have larger ecological and societal impact. Here we combine observations with model simulations, to investigate the HEXs and Compound Height-Heat Extremes (CHHEXs) along the Indian Ocean coast of Indonesia in recent decades. We find that anthropogenic sea level rise combined with decadal climate variability causes increased occurrence of HEXs during 2010-2017. Bot ...[more]

PMID: 36302781

Similar Datasets

Project description:The strongest episodes of extremely high sea levels in the Mediterranean are regularly observed in the Adriatic Sea, where they can cause substantial damage and loss of human lives. In this study, episodes of positive and negative sea level extremes were extracted from hourly series measured at six tide gauge stations located along the Adriatic coast (Venice, Trieste, Rovinj, Bakar, Split, Dubrovnik) between 1956 and 2019/2020. The time series were first checked for spurious data and then decomposed using tidal analysis, least-squares fitting and filtering procedures into (1) trend; (2) seasonal; (3) tide, (4) longer than 100 d (> 100 d), (5) 10-100 d, (6) 6 h-10 d, and (7) < 6 h components. These components correspond to sea level oscillations dominantly (but not exclusively) forced by (1) climate and isostatic change; (2) seasonal changes in thermohaline properties and circulation patterns, (3) tidal forcing, (4) quasi-stationary atmospheric and ocean circulation and climate variability patterns, (5) planetary atmospheric waves, (6) synoptic, and (7) mesoscale atmospheric processes. Significant differences exist between (1) the northern and middle/southern Adriatic extremes and (2) positive and negative extremes. The heights and return levels of positive (negative) extremes are 50-100% higher (lower) in the northern than in the middle/southern Adriatic. The northern Adriatic positive sea level extremes dominantly occur due to the superposition of the 6 h-10 d component and tide (contributing jointly to ∼70% of the total extreme height), whereas the middle/southern Adriatic positive extremes mostly occur due to the superposition of the 10-100 d component, 6 h-10 d component, and tide (each contributing ∼25% on average). The negative sea level extremes are explained as a combination of the 10-100 d component and tide: in the northern Adriatic tide provides the largest contribution (∼60%), while in the middle/southern Adriatic, the impacts of the two processes are similar (each contributing an average of ∼30%). Over the entire Adriatic, the < 6 h and seasonal components contribute the least to both positive and negative extremes. Sea level trends at all stations are positive; however, the observed sea level rise did not contribute significantly to the total height of extremes. Extreme episodes tend to occur simultaneously over larger parts of the coast and are often clustered within a few days. Both positive and negative extremes have a strong decadal variability, whereas trends of their number, duration and intensity point to shortening of negative extremes and prolonging and strengthening of positive extremes.

Dataset Information

Sea level extremes and compounding marine heatwaves in coastal Indonesia.

Publications

Sea level extremes and compounding marine heatwaves in coastal Indonesia.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets