Dataset Information

Obesity as a risk factor for severe influenza infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: Obesity has been recently identified as a predisposing factor for a worse prognosis in viral illnesses such as SARS-CoV-2; however, its role in children with influenza is not yet clarified. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess whether obesity is a risk factor for either hospitalization or a worse prognosis when hospitalized among children infected by influenza. We systematically searched the following databases using a structured algorithm: MEDLINE, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Statistical meta-analysis was performed using the "meta" package in R software, and included studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Among children with influenza, obesity increased the odds of hospitalization with a pooled OR of 1.89 (95% CI [1.23, 2.9], I² = 0, p = 0.003). When hospitalized, children with obesity were also more likely to have a worse outcome than their healthy-weight counterparts, with a pooled OR of 1.24 (95% Cl [1.02; 1.51], I² = 11, p = 0.03). In an effort to lower heterogeneity, a leave-one-out meta-analysis was conducted. Publication bias was assessed with the visual inspection of funnel plots and the trim-and-fill method. Certainty assessment was evaluated using the GRADE score.

Conclusions

The findings of our meta-analysis suggest that obesity in children with influenza is associated with a worse prognosis, both hospitalization and ICU admission/death.

What is known

• Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for non-communicable as well as communicable diseases. • A previous meta-analysis failed to demonstrate a statistically significant association between obesity and influenza infection severity.

What is new

• Children with high BMI and influenza infection are more likely to get hospitalized. • Pediatric inpatients with increased BMI and influenza infection may have a worse prognosis.

SUBMITTER: Vitoratou DI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9652042 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Obesity as a risk factor for severe influenza infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Vitoratou Dimitra-Irinna DI Milas Gerasimos-Panagiotis GP Korovessi Paraskevi P Kostaridou Stavroula S Koletsi Patra P

European journal of pediatrics 20221111 1

Obesity has been recently identified as a predisposing factor for a worse prognosis in viral illnesses such as SARS-CoV-2; however, its role in children with influenza is not yet clarified. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess whether obesity is a risk factor for either hospitalization or a worse prognosis when hospitalized among children infected by influenza. We systematically searched the following databases using a structured algorithm: MEDLINE, Clinicaltrials.gov, ...[more]

PMID: 36369400

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Project description:BackgroundPregnancy is considered to be an important risk factor for severe complications following influenza virus infection. As a consequence, WHO recommendations prioritize pregnant women over other risk groups for influenza vaccination. However, the risk associated with pregnancy has not been systematically quantified.PurposeSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that reported on pregnancy as a risk factor for severe outcomes from influenza virus infection.Data sourceMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL up to April 2014.Data selectionStudies reporting on outcomes in pregnant women with influenza in comparison to non-pregnant patients with influenza. Outcomes included community-acquired pneumonia, hospitalization, admission to intensive care units (ICU), ventilatory support, and death.Data extractionTwo reviewers conducted independent screening and data extraction. A random effects model was used to obtain risk estimates. Ecological studies were summarized descriptively.Data synthesisA total of 142 non-ecological and 10 ecological studies were included. The majority of studies (n=136, 95.8%) were conducted during the 2009 influenza A (pH1N1) pandemic. There was a higher risk for hospitalization in pregnant versus non-pregnant patients infected with influenza (odds ratio [OR] 2.44, 95% CI 1.22-4.87), but no significant difference in mortality (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.81-1.33) or other outcomes. Ecologic studies confirmed the association between hospitalization risk and pregnancy and 4 of 7 studies reported higher mortality rates in pregnant women.LimitationsNo studies were identified in which follow-up began prior to contact with the healthcare system and lack of adjustment for confounding factors.ConclusionsWe found that influenza during pregnancy resulted in a higher risk of hospital admission than influenza infection in non-pregnant individuals, but that the risk of mortality following influenza was similar in both pregnant and non-pregnant individuals.

Project description:BackgroundMillions of COVID-19 pediatric survivors are facing the risk of long COVID after recovery from acute COVID-19. The primary objective of this study was to systematically review the available literature and determine the pooled prevalence of, and risk factors for long COVID among the pediatric survivors.MethodsStudies that assessed the prevalence of, or risk factors associated with long COVID among pediatric COVID-19 survivors were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to December 11th, 2022. Random effects model was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of long COVID among pediatric COVID-19 patients. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression on the estimated prevalence of long COVID were performed by stratification with follow-up duration, mean age, sex ratio, percentage of multisystem inflammatory syndrome, hospitalization rate at baseline, and percentage of severe illness.ResultsBased on 40 studies with 12,424 individuals, the pooled prevalence of any long COVID was 23.36 % ([95 % CI 15.27-32.53]). The generalized symptom (19.57 %, [95 % CI 9.85-31.52]) was reported most commonly, followed by respiratory (14.76 %, [95 % CI 7.22-24.27]), neurologic (13.51 %, [95 % CI 6.52-22.40]), and psychiatric (12.30 %, [95% CI 5.38-21.37]). Dyspnea (22.75 %, [95% CI 9.38-39.54]), fatigue (20.22 %, [95% CI 9.19-34.09]), and headache (15.88 %, [95 % CI 6.85-27.57]) were most widely reported specific symptoms. The prevalence of any symptom during 3-6, 6-12, and> 12 months were 26.41 % ([95 % CI 14.33-40.59]), 20.64 % ([95 % CI 17.06-24.46]), and 14.89 % ([95 % CI 6.09-26.51]), respectively. Individuals with aged over ten years, multisystem inflammatory syndrome, or had severe clinical symptoms exhibited higher prevalence of long COVID in multi-systems. Factors such as older age, female, poor physical or mental health, or had severe infection or more symptoms were more likely to have long COVID in pediatric survivors.ConclusionsNearly one quarter of pediatric survivors suffered multisystem long COVID, even at 1 year after infection. Ongoing monitoring, comprehensive prevention and intervention is warranted for pediatric survivors, especially for individuals with high risk factors.

Dataset Information

Obesity as a risk factor for severe influenza infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Conclusions

What is known

What is new

Publications

Obesity as a risk factor for severe influenza infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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