Dataset Information

Characteristics of Drawing Process Differentiate Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Early differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is important for treatment and disease management, but it remains challenging. Although computer-based drawing analysis may help differentiate AD and DLB, it has not been studied.

Objective

We aimed to identify the differences in features characterizing the drawing process between AD, DLB, and cognitively normal (CN) individuals, and to evaluate the validity of using these features to identify and differentiate AD and DLB.

Methods

We collected drawing data with a digitizing tablet and pen from 123 community-dwelling older adults in three clinical diagnostic groups of mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD (n = 47) or Lewy body disease (LBD; n = 27), and CN (n = 49), matched for their age, sex, and years of education. We then investigated drawing features in terms of the drawing speed, pressure, and pauses.

Results

Reduced speed and reduced smoothness in speed and pressure were observed particularly in the LBD group, while increased pauses and total durations were observed in both the AD and LBD groups. Machine-learning models using these features achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.80 for AD versus CN, 0.88 for LBD versus CN, and 0.77 for AD versus LBD.

Conclusion

Our results indicate how different types of drawing features were particularly discriminative between the diagnostic groups, and how the combination of these features can facilitate the identification and differentiation of AD and DLB.

SUBMITTER: Yamada Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9697058 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Characteristics of Drawing Process Differentiate Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Yamada Yasunori Y Kobayashi Masatomo M Shinkawa Kaoru K Nemoto Miyuki M Ota Miho M Nemoto Kiyotaka K Arai Tetsuaki T

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20220101 2

<h4>Background</h4>Early differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is important for treatment and disease management, but it remains challenging. Although computer-based drawing analysis may help differentiate AD and DLB, it has not been studied.<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to identify the differences in features characterizing the drawing process between AD, DLB, and cognitively normal (CN) individuals, and to evaluate the validity of using these featu ...[more]

PMID: 36155515

Similar Datasets

Project description:As the differential diagnosis of dementias based on established clinical criteria is often difficult, biomarkers for applicable diagnostic testing are currently under intensive investigation. Amyloid plaques deposited in the brain of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) mainly consist of carboxy-terminally elongated forms of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides, such as Abeta1-42. Absolute Abeta1-42 levels in CSF have shown diagnostic value for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, but the discrimination among Alzheimer's disease, DLB and PDD was poor. A recently established quantitative urea-based Abeta-sodium-dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis with Western immunoblot (Abeta-SDS-PAGE/immunoblot) revealed a highly conserved Abeta peptide pattern of the carboxy-terminally truncated Abeta peptides 1-37, 1-38, 1-39 in addition to 1-40 and 1-42 in human CSF. We used the Abeta-SDS-PAGE/immunoblot to investigate the CSF of 23 patients with Alzheimer's disease, 21 with DLB, 21 with PDD and 23 non-demented disease controls (NDC) for disease-specific alterations of the Abeta peptide patterns in its absolute and relative quantities. The diagnostic groups were matched for age and severity of dementia. The present study is the first attempt to evaluate the meaning of Abeta peptide patterns in CSF for differential diagnosis of the three neurodegenerative diseases--Alzheimer's disease, DLB and PDD. The Abeta peptide patterns displayed disease-specific variations and the ratio of the differentially altered Abeta1-42 to the Abeta1-37 levels subsequently discriminated all diagnostic groups from each other at a highly significant level, except DLB from PDD. Additionally, a novel peptide with Abeta-like immunoreactivity was observed constantly in the CSF of all 88 investigated patients. The pronounced percentage increase of this peptide in DLB allowed a highly significant discrimination from PDD. Using a cut-off point of 0.954%, this marker yielded a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 81 and 71%, respectively. From several lines of indication, we consider this peptide to represent an oxidized alpha-helical form of Abeta1-40 (Abeta1-40*). The increased abundance of Abeta1-40* probably reflects a disease-specific alteration of the Abeta1-40 metabolism in DLB. We conclude that Abeta peptide patterns reflect disease-specific pathophysiological pathways of different dementia syndromes as distinct neurochemical phenotypes. Although Abeta peptide patterns failed to fulfil the requirements for a sole biomarker, their combined evaluation with other biomarkers is promising in neurochemical dementia diagnosis. It is noteworthy that DLB and PDD exhibit distinct clinical temporal courses, despite their similar neuropathological appearance. Their distinct molecular phenotypes support the view of different pathophysiological pathways for each of these neurodegenerative diseases.

Project description:Patients who have dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease show early degeneration of the cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert. However, how white matter projections between the nucleus basalis of Meynert and the cortex are altered in neurodegenerative disease is unknown. Tractography of white matter pathways originating from the nucleus basalis of Meynert was performed using diffusion-weighted imaging in 46 patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia, 48 with dementia with Lewy bodies, 35 with mild cognitive impairment with Alzheimer's disease, 38 with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies and 71 control participants. Mean diffusivity of the resulting pathways was compared between groups and related to cognition, attention, functional EEG changes and dementia conversion in the mild cognitive impairment groups. We successfully tracked a medial and a lateral pathway from the nucleus basalis of Meynert. Mean diffusivity of the lateral pathway was higher in both dementia and mild cognitive impairment groups than controls (all P < 0.03). In the patient groups, increased mean diffusivity of this pathway was related to more impaired global cognition (β = -0.22, P = 0.06) and worse performance on an attention task (β = 0.30, P = 0.03). In patients with mild cognitive impairment, loss of integrity of both nucleus basalis of Meynert pathways was associated with increased risk of dementia progression [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), medial pathway: 2.51 (1.24-5.09); lateral pathway: 2.54 (1.24-5.19)]. Nucleus basalis of Meynert volume was reduced in all clinical groups compared to controls (all P < 0.001), but contributed less strongly to cognitive impairment and was not associated with attention or dementia conversion. EEG slowing in the patient groups as assessed by a decrease in dominant frequency was associated with smaller nucleus basalis of Meynert volumes (β = 0.22, P = 0.02) and increased mean diffusivity of the lateral pathway (β = -0.47, P = 0.003). We show that degeneration of the cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies is accompanied by an early reduction in integrity of white matter projections that originate from this structure. This is more strongly associated with cognition and attention than the volume of the nucleus basalis of Meynert itself and might be an early indicator of increased risk of dementia conversion in people with mild cognitive impairment.

Dataset Information

Characteristics of Drawing Process Differentiate Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Characteristics of Drawing Process Differentiate Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets