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Differential effect of meteorological factors and particulate matter with ≤ 10-µm diameter on epistaxis in younger and older children.

ABSTRACT: The differential effect of meteorological factors and air pollutants on pediatric epistaxis in younger and older children has not been evaluated. We evaluated the distribution of pediatric epistaxis cases between younger (0-5 years) and older children (6-18 years). Subsequently, we assessed and compared the effects of meteorological variables and the concentration of particulate matter measuring ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM10) on hospital epistaxis presentation in younger and older children. This retrospective study included pediatric patients (n = 326) who presented with spontaneous epistaxis between January 2015 and August 2019. Meteorological conditions and PM10 concentration were the exposure variables, and data were obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration 75. The presence and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations per day were considered outcome variables. Air temperature, wind speed, sunshine duration, and PM10 concentration in younger children, and sunshine duration and air pressure in older children, significantly correlated with the presence of and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations per day. The PM10 concentration was not a significant factor in older children. Thus, meteorological factors and PM10 concentration may differentially affect epistaxis in younger (0-5-year-olds) and older (6-18-year-olds) children. Risk factors for pediatric epistaxis should be considered according to age.

SUBMITTER: Kwak IY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9723103 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential effect of meteorological factors and particulate matter with ≤ 10-µm diameter on epistaxis in younger and older children.

Kwak Il-Youp IY Kim Kyung Soo KS Min Hyun Jin HJ

Scientific reports 20221205 1

The differential effect of meteorological factors and air pollutants on pediatric epistaxis in younger and older children has not been evaluated. We evaluated the distribution of pediatric epistaxis cases between younger (0-5 years) and older children (6-18 years). Subsequently, we assessed and compared the effects of meteorological variables and the concentration of particulate matter measuring ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM10) on hospital epistaxis presentation in younger and older children. This ret ...[more]

PMID: 36470979

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Project description:Rationale: Home dampness and mold are associated with asthma severity and exacerbations, but little is known about the nature of these exposures in at-risk children. Objectives: To test the hypothesis that observed dampness, water damage, and mold in the home are associated with higher exposure to particulate matter less than 10 ?m in diameter in a cohort of at-risk children with asthma. Methods: We performed a pilot study in 8- to 16-year-old children with exacerbation-prone asthma (n?=?29; Denver Asthma Panel Study). Exposure to particulate matter less than 10 ?m in diameter was measured over ?72 hours with personal wearable monitors (MicroPEM [RTI International] and iTrack Micro GPS tracker) and stationary bedroom-located monitors (PEM, MSP Corporation). Mean percentage personal monitored time was 93% (95% confidence interval, 90–96%). Mean and spikes of real-time exposure to particulate matter less than 10 ?m in diameter were calculated and, for personal monitored samples, partitioned into exposure while at home, school, or other locations. We defined a sustained spike exposure as a continuous period of 20 minutes or longer during which levels were greater than 50 ?g/?L over the participant’s minimum levels, using a 2-minute moving average of the particulate matter measurements. Mold and dampness were assessed by detailed home inspection. Results: Visible water damage/moisture/mold and mold/mildew were common in the homes of exacerbation-prone children: bathroom, 60% and 46%; basement, 30% and 34%; kitchen, 22% and 39%; living room, 20% and 2%; bedroom, 12% and 2%; and other rooms, 21% and 7%, respectively. Personal and bedroom filter-based levels of particulate matter less than 10 ?m in diameter were associated with home cumulative measures of water damage/moisture/mold (personal r2?=?0.13, P?=?0.02; bedroom r2?=?0.19, P?=?0.006; analysis of variance) and mold/mildew (personal r2?=?0.11, P?=?0.04; bedroom r2?=?0.18, P?=?0.008). Real-time integrated particulate matter less than 10 ?m in diameter during sustained spike exposures that occurred when participants were home (normalized by total duration of sustained spike exposures) was associated with cumulative drips/leaks/wet areas (r2?=?0.27; P?=?0.004), mold/mildew (r2?=?0.15; P?=?0.04), and water damage/moisture/mold (r2?=?0.14; P?=?0.04). Other measures of exposure to particulate matter less than 10 ?m in diameter from personal or stationary monitors were not associated with home dampness or mold indicators. Conclusions: Although mold exposure was not directly quantified in the respirable aerosol in this study, observations of home dampness and mold were associated with sustained spikes in respirable particulate matter less than 10 ?m in diameter that was measured by wearable real-time monitors. In our cohort of at-risk children, this finding could imply that mold may exert respiratory health effects via sustained spikes in exposure and help to guide future studies and interventions to reduce these spikes and improve asthma outcomes.

Dataset Information

Differential effect of meteorological factors and particulate matter with ≤ 10-µm diameter on epistaxis in younger and older children.

Publications

Differential effect of meteorological factors and particulate matter with ≤ 10-µm diameter on epistaxis in younger and older children.

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