Dataset Information

The Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Associated with Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in a Middle-Aged to Elderly Population: A Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

To examine the effect of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index on longitudinal cognitive decline in a healthy middle-aged-to-elderly population.

Methods

We conducted a population-based longitudinal study. A total of 1774 participants without cognitive impairment were enrolled in the 4-year follow-up. They were divided into four groups according to the quartile of the TyG index. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were performed to examine the association between the TyG index and cognitive decline. Discrimination tests were used to evaluate the incremental predictive value of the TyG index beyond conventional risk factors.

Results

During the follow-up, compared with those in the bottom quartile group, participants in the top TyG quartile group presented a 51% increase in the risk of cognitive decline (OR 1.51 (95% CI: 1.06-2.14)). As shown by discrimination tests, adding the TyG index into the conventional model resulted in a slight improvement in predicting the risk of cognitive decline (NRI 16.00% (p = 0.004)).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that increasing values of the TyG index were positively associated with the risk of cognitive decline. Monitoring the TyG index may help in the early identification of individuals at high risk of cognitive deterioration.

SUBMITTER: Li S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9737091 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Associated with Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in a Middle-Aged to Elderly Population: A Cohort Study.

Li Siqi S Deng Xuan X Zhang Yumei Y

Journal of clinical medicine 20221201 23

<h4>Background</h4>To examine the effect of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index on longitudinal cognitive decline in a healthy middle-aged-to-elderly population.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a population-based longitudinal study. A total of 1774 participants without cognitive impairment were enrolled in the 4-year follow-up. They were divided into four groups according to the quartile of the TyG index. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were performed to examine the associatio ...[more]

PMID: 36498726

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Project description:ObjectiveCurrent literature is deficient in robust evidence delineating the correlation between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and the incidence of stroke. Consequently, this investigation seeks to elucidate the potential link between TyG-BMI and stroke risk in a cohort of middle-aged and senior Chinese individuals.MethodsThis study employs longitudinal data from four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018, encompassing 8,698 participants. The CHARLS cohort was assembled using a multistage probability sampling technique. Participants underwent comprehensive evaluations through standardized questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews. Our analytic strategy involved the application of Cox proportional hazards regression models to investigate the association between TyG-BMI and the risk of stroke. To discern potential non-linear relationships, we incorporated Cox proportional hazards regression with smooth curve fitting. Additionally, we executed a battery of sensitivity and subgroup analyses to validate the robustness of our findings.ResultsOur study utilized a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model and found a significant correlation between the TyG-BMI and the risk of stroke. Specifically, a 10-unit increase in TyG-BMI corresponded to a 4.9% heightened risk of stroke (HR = 1.049, 95% CI 1.029-1.069). The analysis also uncovered a non-linear pattern in this relationship, pinpointed by an inflection point at a TyG-BMI value of 174.63. To the left of this inflection point-meaning at lower TyG-BMI values-a 10-unit hike in TyG-BMI was linked to a more substantial 14.4% rise in stroke risk (HR 1.144; 95% CI 1.044-1.253). Conversely, to the right of the inflection point-at higher TyG-BMI values-each 10-unit increment was associated with a smaller, 3.8% increase in the risk of stroke (HR 1.038; 95% CI 1.016-1.061).ConclusionsIn the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population, elevated TyG-BMI was significantly and positively associated with stroke risk. In addition, there was also a specific non-linear association between TyG-BMI and stroke (inflection point 174.63). Further reduction of TyG-BMI below 174.63 through lifestyle changes and dietary control can significantly reduce the risk of stroke.

Project description:AimExplore the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, along with its derivative indices, and the prevalence of cataracts.MethodsData from 20,497 participants in the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were compiled. A final total of 4,499 individuals met the eligibility criteria. Cataract presence was assessed through a self-reported history of cataract surgery. The TyG index and its derivatives-TyG-waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), TyG-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), TyG-monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), TyG-log platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (lgPLR), TyG-log systemic inflammation index (lgSII), and TyG-systemic inflammation response index (SIRI)-were calculated. Statistical analyses included multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves for nonlinear relationships, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsHigher TyG indices were significantly associated with cataract presence (P < 0.001). Specifically, TyG-WHtR, TyG-NLR, TyG-lgPLR, TyG-lgSII, and TyG-SIRI exhibited positive correlations with cataract prevalence, even after adjustment for potential confounders (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.37; P = 0.0403; [OR] = 1.01; 95% [CI]: 1.00, 1.02; P = 0.0258; [OR] = 1.08; 95% [CI]: 1.01, 1.16; P = 0.0223; [OR] = 1.08; 95% [CI]: 1.03, 1.14; P = 0.001; [OR] = 1.02; 95% [CI]: 1.00, 1.04; P = 0.0120). Furthermore, the stratified analysis showed that in the 61-85 age group, TyG-lgPLR and TyG-lgSII remained positively associated with cataract prevalence ([OR] = 1.09; 95% [CI]: 1.01, 1.17; P = 0.024; [OR] = 1.08; 95% [CI]: 1.02, 1.13; P = 0.005). RCS analysis revealed a linear association between these indices and cataracts, with no apparent threshold effect. ROC analysis indicated that TyG-MLR demonstrated the highest predictive ability for cataract presence.ConclusionThe study results indicate a positive association between TyG-related indicators and cataract the prevalence of cataracts in middle-aged and elderly individuals, suggesting that these markers may serve as practical biomarkers for identifying high-risk individuals. Early detection and management of metabolic and inflammatory factors could contribute to effective preventive strategies for cataract development in the elderly population.

Project description:BackgroundCognitive decline is a major risk factor for disability and death and may serve as a precursor of dementia. Digital devices can provide a platform of cognitively stimulating activities which might help to slow cognitive decline during the process of normal aging.ObjectiveThis longitudinal study aimed to examine the independent protective factors of desktop and cellphone ownership against cognitive decline in mid-life and older adulthood and to examine the combined effect of desktop and cellphone ownership on the same outcome.MethodsData was obtained from a China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Studies (CHARLS) cohort made up of 13,457 community-dwelling adults aged 45 years or above in 2011-2012. They were followed for 4 years, with baseline measurements taken as well as 2 two-year follow-up visits. Cognitive function was tested during the baseline test and follow-up visits. A global cognition z-score was calculated based on two domains: word recall and mental intactness. The key independent variables were defined as: whether one had desktops with internet connection at home and whether one had a cellphone. An additional categorical variable of three values was constructed as: 0 (no desktop or cellphone), 1 (desktop or cellphone alone), and 2 (desktop and cellphone both). Mixed-effects regression was adjusted for demographic and health behavior as well as health condition risk factors.ResultsAdjusted for demographic and health behavior as well as health condition risk factors, desktop and cellphone ownership were independently associated with subsequent decreased cognitive decline over the four-year period. Participants without a desktop at home had an adjusted cognitive decline of -0.16 standard deviations (95% CI -0.18 to -0.15), while participants with a desktop at home had an adjusted cognitive decline of -0.10 standard deviations (95% CI -0.14 to -0.07; difference of -0.06 standard deviations; P=.003). A similar pattern of significantly protective association of 0.06 standard deviations (95% CI 0.03-0.10; P<.001) between cellphone ownership and cognitive function was observed over the four-year period. Additionally, a larger longitudinal protective association on cognitive decline was observed among those with both of the digital devices, although the 95% CIs for the coefficients overlapped with those with a single digital device alone.ConclusionsFindings from this study underscored the importance of digital devices as platforms for cognitively stimulating activities to delay cognitive decline. Future studies focusing on use of digital devices are warranted to investigate their longitudinal protective factors against cognitive decline at mid- and later life.

Project description:BackgroundInsulin resistance is linked to an increased risk of frailty, yet the comprehensive relationship between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), which reflects weight, and frailty, remains unclear. This relationship is investigated in this study.MethodsData from 9135 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2020) were analysed. Baseline TyG-BMI, changes in the TyG-BMI and cumulative TyG-BMI between baseline and 2015, along with the frailty index (FI) over nine years, were calculated. Participants were grouped into different categories based on TyG-BMI changes using K-means clustering. FI trajectories were assessed using a group-based trajectory model. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to analyse the associations between the TyG-BMI and FI trajectory and frail incidence. Nonlinear relationships were explored using restricted cubic splines, and a linear mixed-effects model was used to evaluate FI development speed. Weighted quantile regression was used to identify the primary contributing factors.ResultsFour classes of changes in the TyG-BMI and two FI trajectories were identified. Individuals in the third (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.42) and fourth (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.61-2.09) quartiles of baseline TyG-BMI, those with consistently second to highest (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.32-1.70) and the highest (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.84-2.56) TyG-BMI changes, and those in the third (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36) and fourth (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.70-2.22) quartiles of the cumulative TyG-BMI had greater odds of experiencing a rapid FI trajectory. Higher frail risk was noted in those in the fourth quartile of baseline TyG-BMI (HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.28-1.58), with consistently second to highest (HR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.12-1.34) and the highest TyG-BMI changes (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.42-1.77), and those in the third (HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00-1.21) and fourth quartile of cumulative TyG-BMI (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.33-1.60). Participants with persistently second-lowest to the highest TyG-BMI changes (β = 0.15, 0.38 and 0.76 respectively) and those experiencing the third to fourth cumulative TyG-BMI (β = 0.25 and 0.56, respectively) demonstrated accelerated FI progression. A U-shaped association was observed between TyG-BMI levels and both rapid FI trajectory and higher frail risk, with BMI being the primary factor.ConclusionA higher TyG-BMI is associated with the rapid development of FI trajectory and a greater frail risk. However, excessively low TyG-BMI levels also appear to contribute to frail development. Maintaining a healthy TyG-BMI, especially a healthy BMI, may help prevent or delay the frail onset.

Project description:BackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) is recognized as a potential modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, but findings within Asian populations have been inconsistent. Given the high prevalence of dementia and its substantial economic burden in China, large-scale longitudinal studies are essential to elucidate the complex relationship between IR and cognitive function.MethodsThis longitudinal cohort study included 8,734 middle-aged and older adults (median age: 58 years; 53.6% females) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), followed from 2011 to 2018. Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) was used to assess IR and was calculated using waist circumference, hypertension status, and HbA1c levels. Participants were categorized into tertiles based on eGDR levels (Tertile 1: lowest; Tertile 3: highest). Cognitive function was calculated as the sum of episodic memory and executive function scores, which was then standardized to a Z-score. Linear mixed-effects models and dose-response analyses were performed to evaluate the association between baseline eGDR and cognitive changes in the total population and stratified by sex.ResultsHigher eGDR levels were significantly associated with slower global cognitive decline (Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1: β = 0.007; 95% CI: 0.000-0.014; P = 0.047). This association was stronger in females (Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1: β = 0.011; 95% CI: 0.002-0.021; P = 0.021), while no significant association was observed in males. Dose-response analyses indicated a linear positive relationship between baseline eGDR and global cognitive function in the total population and in females, but not in males. Similar patterns were found for episodic memory and executive function, with significant associations predominantly in females.ConclusionHigher eGDR was significantly associated with slower cognitive decline, particularly among women. These findings underscore the potential of eGDR as a marker for identifying and mitigating cognitive decline and highlight the importance of sex-specific strategies to address insulin resistance and promote cognitive health.

Project description:BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are gradually becoming the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among chronic non-communicable diseases. Previous studies have found that the TyG index is an effective alternative indicator for insulin resistance (IR) and is associated with cardiovascular events. Additionally, obesity directly or indirectly increases the risk of developing CVDs. Up to now, studies on the combined effects of these factors are insufficient, and the conclusions are not yet consistent. This study aims to analyze whether the baseline levels and fluctuations of triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) are associated with the incidence of CVDs and their subtypes in a prospective cohort of middle-aged and elderly individuals.MethodsThe data for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which is an ongoing nationally representative prospective cohort study. After excluding participants with partially missing variables that could affect the study results, this study ultimately included 7,072 participants, with data records spanning from 2011 to 2020. The exposures were TyG-BMI and the change in TyG-BMI from 2011 to 2015. The TyG-BMI index was calculated as TyG index multiply BMI. The change of TyG-BMI was categorized using K-means clustering and baseline TyG-BMI was grouped based on quartiles. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the relationship between baseline quartiles of the TyG-BMI index and its variability with CVDs and their subtypes.ResultsAmong the 7,072 participants (mean age of 59.1 ± 9.3 years), 3330 (47%) were male. During an average follow-up of 7.1 years, 1,774 (25.1%) participants developed new-onset cardiovascular diseases. After stratification by baseline TyG-BMI quartiles, higher TyG-BMI levels were associated with an increased risk of CVDs, The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the highest quartile group were 1.69 (1.44-2.00). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, compared to participants with consistently low TyG-BMI levels, those with moderate TyG-BMI levels and a slowly increasing trend had an HR of 1.27 (95% CI 1.10-1.47), while those with the highest TyG-BMI levels and a slowly decreasing trend had an HR of 1.52 (95% CI 1.26-1.83).ConclusionMaterial changes in the TyG-BMI are independently associated with the risk of CVDs in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Detecting long-term changes in the TyG-BMI may aid in the early identification of high-risk individuals and help prevent the occurrence of various cardiovascular diseases.

Dataset Information

The Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Associated with Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in a Middle-Aged to Elderly Population: A Cohort Study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

The Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Associated with Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in a Middle-Aged to Elderly Population: A Cohort Study.

Similar Datasets

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