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Significant contributions of combustion-related sources to ammonia emissions.

ABSTRACT: Atmospheric ammonia (NH₃) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) can substantially influence air quality, ecosystems, and climate. NH₃ volatilization from fertilizers and wastes (v-NH₃) has long been assumed to be the primary NH₃ source, but the contribution of combustion-related NH₃ (c-NH₃, mainly fossil fuels and biomass burning) remains unconstrained. Here, we collated nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric NH₃ and NH₄⁺ and established a robust method to differentiate v-NH₃ and c-NH₃. We found that the relative contribution of the c-NH₃ in the total NH₃ emissions reached up to 40 ± 21% (6.6 ± 3.4 Tg N yr^-1), 49 ± 16% (2.8 ± 0.9 Tg N yr^-1), and 44 ± 19% (2.8 ± 1.3 Tg N yr^-1) in East Asia, North America, and Europe, respectively, though its fractions and amounts in these regions generally decreased over the past decades. Given its importance, c-NH₃ emission should be considered in making emission inventories, dispersion modeling, mitigation strategies, budgeting deposition fluxes, and evaluating the ecological effects of atmospheric NH₃ loading.

SUBMITTER: Chen ZL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9747788 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Significant contributions of combustion-related sources to ammonia emissions.

Chen Zhi-Li ZL Song Wei W Hu Chao-Chen CC Liu Xue-Jun XJ Chen Guan-Yi GY Walters Wendell W WW Michalski Greg G Liu Cong-Qiang CQ Fowler David D Liu Xue-Yan XY

Nature communications 20221213 1

Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+) can substantially influence air quality, ecosystems, and climate. NH3 volatilization from fertilizers and wastes (v-NH3) has long been assumed to be the primary NH3 source, but the contribution of combustion-related NH3 (c-NH3, mainly fossil fuels and biomass burning) remains unconstrained. Here, we collated nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric NH3 and NH<s ...[more]

PMID: 36513669

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Project description:BackgroundResidential combustion (RC) and electricity generating unit (EGU) emissions adversely impact air quality and human health by increasing ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3). Studies to date have not isolated contributing emissions by state of origin (source-state), which is necessary for policy makers to determine efficient strategies to decrease health impacts.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to estimate health impacts (premature mortalities) attributable to PM2.5 and O3 from RC and EGU emissions by precursor species, source sector, and source-state in the continental United States for 2005.MethodsWe used the Community Multiscale Air Quality model employing the decoupled direct method to quantify changes in air quality and epidemiological evidence to determine concentration-response functions to calculate associated health impacts.ResultsWe estimated 21,000 premature mortalities per year from EGU emissions, driven by sulfur dioxide emissions forming PM2.5. More than half of EGU health impacts are attributable to emissions from eight states with significant coal combustion and large downwind populations. We estimate 10,000 premature mortalities per year from RC emissions, driven by primary PM2.5 emissions. States with large populations and significant residential wood combustion dominate RC health impacts. Annual mortality risk per thousand tons of precursor emissions (health damage functions) varied significantly across source-states for both source sectors and all precursor pollutants.ConclusionsOur findings reinforce the importance of pollutant-specific, location-specific, and source-specific models of health impacts in design of health-risk minimizing emissions control policies. Citation: Penn SL, Arunachalam S, Woody M, Heiger-Bernays W, Tripodis Y, Levy JI. 2017. Estimating state-specific contributions to PM2.5- and O3-related health burden from residential combustion and electricity generating unit emissions in the United States. Environ Health Perspect 125:324-332;?http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP550.

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Significant contributions of combustion-related sources to ammonia emissions.

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Significant contributions of combustion-related sources to ammonia emissions.

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