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Heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus vector immunizations for SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protect hamsters against COVID-19.

ABSTRACT: Available COVID-19 vaccine only provide protection for a limited time due in part to the rapid emergence of viral variants with spike protein mutations, necessitating the generation of new vaccines to combat SARS-CoV-2. Two serologically distinct replication-defective chimpanzee-origin adenovirus (Ad) vectors (AdC) called AdC6 and AdC7 expressing early SARS-CoV-2 isolate spike (S) or nucleocapsid (N) proteins, the latter expressed as a fusion protein within herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D (gD), were tested individually or as a mixture in a hamster COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 challenge model. The S protein expressing AdC (AdC-S) vectors induced antibodies including those with neutralizing activity that in part cross-reacted with viral variants. Hamsters vaccinated with the AdC-S vectors were protected against serious disease and showed accelerated recovery upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Protection was enhanced if AdC-S vectors were given together with the AdC vaccines that expressed the gD N fusion protein (AdC-gDN). In contrast hamsters that just received the AdC-gDN vaccines showed only marginal lessening of symptoms compared to control animals. These results indicate that immune response to the N protein that is less variable than the S protein may potentiate and prolong protection achieved by the currently used S protein based genetic COVID-19 vaccines.

SUBMITTER: Hasanpourghadi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9758783 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus vector immunizations for SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protect hamsters against COVID-19.

Hasanpourghadi Mohadeseh M Novikov Mikhail M Ambrose Robert R Chekaoui Arezki A Newman Dakota D Ding Jianyi J Giles-Davis Wynetta W Xiang Zhiquan Z Zhou Xiang Yang XY Liu Qin Q Swagata Kar K Ertl Hildegund Cj HC

Microbes and infection 20221217 4

Available COVID-19 vaccine only provide protection for a limited time due in part to the rapid emergence of viral variants with spike protein mutations, necessitating the generation of new vaccines to combat SARS-CoV-2. Two serologically distinct replication-defective chimpanzee-origin adenovirus (Ad) vectors (AdC) called AdC6 and AdC7 expressing early SARS-CoV-2 isolate spike (S) or nucleocapsid (N) proteins, the latter expressed as a fusion protein within herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D (g ...[more]

PMID: 36539010

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Dataset Information

Heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus vector immunizations for SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protect hamsters against COVID-19.

Publications

Heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus vector immunizations for SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protect hamsters against COVID-19.

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