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Investigation of phenyllactic acid as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor produced by probiotics.

ABSTRACT: Melanogenesis is responsible for skin pigmentation and the enzymatic browning of foods. Tyrosinases play a major role in melanin synthesis, and many attempts have been made to identify new natural tyrosinase inhibitors, but few have sought to do in microbes. Postbiotics are bioactive compounds produced by the metabolism of probiotics and have been reported to be safe and effective. In this study, we evaluated the tyrosinase inhibitory effects of culture supernatants of probiotics and discovered novel bacterial metabolites that can be used as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor based on metabolomics. Cultures of Bifidobacterium bifidum IDCC 4201 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IDCC 3501 showed effective anti-tyrosinase, reduced melanin synthesis, and altered protein expression associated with the melanogenesis pathway. Comparative metabolomics analyses conducted by GC-MS identified metabolites commonly produced by B. bifidum and L. plantarum. Of eight selected metabolites, phenyllactic acid exhibited significant tyrosinase-inhibitory activity. Our findings suggest that applications of probiotic culture supernatants containing high amounts of phenyllactic acid have potential use as anti-melanogenesis agents in food and medicines.

SUBMITTER: Shin M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9772785 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Investigation of phenyllactic acid as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor produced by probiotics.

Shin Minhye M Truong Van-Long VL Lee Minjee M Kim Donggyu D Kim Myun Soo MS Cho Hana H Jung Young Hoon YH Yang Jungwoo J Jeong Woo Sik WS Kim Younghoon Y

Current research in food science 20221209

Melanogenesis is responsible for skin pigmentation and the enzymatic browning of foods. Tyrosinases play a major role in melanin synthesis, and many attempts have been made to identify new natural tyrosinase inhibitors, but few have sought to do in microbes. Postbiotics are bioactive compounds produced by the metabolism of probiotics and have been reported to be safe and effective. In this study, we evaluated the tyrosinase inhibitory effects of culture supernatants of probiotics and discovered ...[more]

PMID: 36569188

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Project description:The Covid-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is an emerging disease affecting immunocompromised patients. Prevention of such infections using probiotics and their metabolites persist as effective therapeutic agents. Therefore, the present study emphasizes on assessment of their efficacy and safety. Samples from different sources like human milk, honey bee intestine, toddy, and dairy milk were collected, screened and characterized for potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their metabolites to be used as effective antimicrobial agents to curtail CAM. Three isolates were selected based on probiotic properties and characterized as Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR013, Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR061 and Pediococcus acidilactici BMOBR041 by 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI TOF-MS. The antimicrobial activity against standard bacterial pathogens showed ˃9 mm zone of inhibition. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of three isolates was tested against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 2788, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis where the results showed significant inhibition of each fungal strain. Further studies were carried out on lethal fungal pathogens like Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. which are associated with post Covid-19 infection in immunosuppressed diabetic patients. Our studies on CAM inhibitory effect of LAB revealed the efficient inhibition against Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. The cell free supernatants of three LAB showed varied inhibitory activity against these fungi. Following the antimicrobial activity, the antagonistic metabolite 3-Phenyllactic acid (PLA) in culture supernatant was quantified and characterized by HPLC and LC-MS using standard PLA (Sigma Aldrich). The isolate L. pentosus BMOBR013 produced highest PLA (0.441 g/L), followed by P. acidilactici BMOBR041 (0.294 g/L) and L. pentosus BMOBR061 (0.165 g/L). The minimum inhibitory concentration of HPLC eluted PLA on the Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. was found to be 180 mg/ml which was further confirmed by inhibition of total mycelia under live cell imaging microscope.

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Investigation of phenyllactic acid as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor produced by probiotics.

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Investigation of phenyllactic acid as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor produced by probiotics.

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