Dataset Information

Expression complementation of gene presence/absence polymorphisms in hybrids contributes importantly to heterosis in sunflower.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Numerous crops have transitioned to hybrid seed production to increase yields and yield stability through heterosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis and its stability across environments are not yet fully understood.

Objectives

This study aimed to (1) elucidate the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis in sunflower, and (2) determine how heterosis is maintained under different environments.

Methods

Genome-wide association (GWA) analyses were employed to assess the effects of presence/absence variants (PAVs) and stop codons on 16 traits phenotyped in the sunflower association mapping population at three locations. To link the GWA results to transcriptomic variation, we sequenced the transcriptomes of two sunflower cultivars and their F₁ hybrid (INEDI) under both control and drought conditions and analyzed patterns of gene expression and alternative splicing.

Results

Thousands of PAVs were found to affect phenotypic variation using a relaxed significance threshold, and at most such loci the "absence" allele reduced values of heterotic traits, but not those of non-heterotic traits. This pattern was strengthened for PAVs that showed expression complementation in INEDI. Stop codons were much rarer than PAVs and less likely to reduce heterotic trait values. Hybrid expression patterns were enriched for the GO category, sensitivity to stimulus, but all genotypes responded to drought similarily - by up-regulating water stress response pathways and down-regulating metabolic pathways. Changes in alternative splicing were strongly negatively correlated with expression variation, implying that alternative splicing in this system largely acts to reinforce expression responses.

Conclusion

Our results imply that complementation of expression of PAVs in hybrids is a major contributor to heterosis in sunflower, consistent with the dominance model of heterosis. This mechanism can account for yield stability across different environments. Moreover, given the much larger numbers of PAVs in plant vs. animal genomes, it also offers an explanation for the stronger heterotic responses seen in the former.

SUBMITTER: Lee JS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9788961 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Expression complementation of gene presence/absence polymorphisms in hybrids contributes importantly to heterosis in sunflower.

Lee Joon Seon JS Jahani Mojtaba M Huang Kaichi K Mandel Jennifer R JR Marek Laura F LF Burke John M JM Langlade Nicolas B NB Owens Gregory L GL Rieseberg Loren H LH

Journal of advanced research 20220422

<h4>Introduction</h4>Numerous crops have transitioned to hybrid seed production to increase yields and yield stability through heterosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis and its stability across environments are not yet fully understood.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to (1) elucidate the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis in sunflower, and (2) determine how heterosis is maintained under different environments.<h4>Methods</h4>Genome-wide association ...[more]

PMID: 36513422

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Project description:Exploration of heterosis is a strategy for enhancing sunflower yield and productivity. In India, the greatest constraints on sunflower production are stagnant and inconsistent yields. By raising them in a variety of ecological conditions, stable per-se performance with the highest yielding potential sunflower hybrids were selected. Sustainable agriculture requires the use of desirable hybrids with high seed yields and oil content too. By making three distinct crossing sets from 32 sunflower genotypes, 11 cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), and 21 restorer lines, a total of 124 hybrids were developed (comprising both lines and tester). After extensive field evaluation of all hybrids, only eight superior F1s belonging to all three sets, as well as the three national control hybrids KBSH-53, LSFH-171, and DRSH-1, were selected for stability analysis in four agro-ecological regions of West Bengal, India viz., Nimpith, Baruipur, Bankura, and Berhapore. The genetic stability of several phenotypic characters was assessed using statistical models that examine genotype-environment interaction (G × E) in multi-locational yield trials. In this experiment, the performance of hybrids under various environmental circumstances over two-year periods was measured using regression coefficient (bi) and deviations from regression (S2di). With the exception of genotypes CMS-852A × EC-601751 for volume weight (0.9335) and CMS-302A × EC-623011 for head diameter (0.0905) and volume weight (0.6425), all sunflower genotypes for all concerned traits had extremely minor and negligible deviations from regression (S2di), which showed significant values. The genotypes having insignificant values of S2di were more stable. The economic heterosis of these novel hybrids was also quantified. CMS-302A × EC-623011 in which seed yield was recorded 20.90, 20.91, 20.95 and 20.90% higher than DRSH-1 at Nimpith, Baruipur, Bankura and PORS (Berhampur), respectively. The research revealed that CMS-302A × EC-623011, CMS-853A × EC-623027 and P-2-7-1A × EC-512682 exhibited good seed production and stability for critical agronomic parameters in addition to oil content. As a result, the current researches enlighten to find out how stable the expression of important economic traits in sunflower hybrids is.

Dataset Information

Expression complementation of gene presence/absence polymorphisms in hybrids contributes importantly to heterosis in sunflower.

Introduction

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Expression complementation of gene presence/absence polymorphisms in hybrids contributes importantly to heterosis in sunflower.

Similar Datasets

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