Binge eating disorder.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Giel KE
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9793802 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Binge eating disorder.
Giel Katrin E KE Bulik Cynthia M CM Fernandez-Aranda Fernando F Hay Phillipa P Keski-Rahkonen Anna A Schag Kathrin K Schmidt Ulrike U Zipfel Stephan S
Nature reviews. Disease primers 20220317 1
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by regular binge eating episodes during which individuals ingest comparably large amounts of food and experience loss of control over their eating behaviour. The worldwide prevalence of BED for the years 2018-2020 is estimated to be 0.6-1.8% in adult women and 0.3-0.7% in adult men. BED is commonly associated with obesity and with somatic and mental health comorbidities. People with BED experience considerable burden and impairments in quality of life ...[more]
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Project description:ObjectiveAlthough several effective behavioral treatments for binge-eating disorder (BED) exist, there are racial disparities in treatment access, with African-Americans and/or Black individuals having some of the lowest rates of access to care. Little is known about the experience and treatment of binge eating (BE) and BED among Black women.MethodThis systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, synthesizes information related to BE and BED in Black women.ResultsA total of N = 38 studies met our eligibility criteria. We did not identify any systematic risk of bias across studies. The majority of included studies used cross-sectional survey methodology, and relied on interview (EDE) and self-report measures (particularly the Binge Eating Scale, BES) for the assessment of BE. Outcomes were inconsistently measured across trials, and there are limited data on the results of evidence-based treatments for BE/BED in Black women.DiscussionAlthough Black women have similar or higher rates of BE than White women, most research on BE and BED has focused on White women, with Black individuals underrepresented in clinical trials. Future research should examine evidence-based treatments to prevent and treat BED in this population.ObjetivoAunque existen varios tratamientos conductuales que son efectivos para el Trastorno de Atracones (BED, por sus siglas en inglés), existen disparidades raciales en el acceso a tratamiento, con individuos Afroamericanos y/o personas de color teniendo algunas de las tasas más bajas de acceso al cuidado de la salud. Se sabe muy poco acerca de la experiencia y tratamiento del comer en atracones (BE, por sus siglas en inglés) y BED entre mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color. MÉTODO: Esta revisión sistemática, realizada bajo lineamientos de las guías PRISMA, sintetiza información relacionada con BE y BED en mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color.ResultadosUn total de N = 38 estudios cumplieron con nuestros criterios de elegibilidad. No identificamos ningún riesgo sistemático de sesgo entre los estudios. La mayoría de los estudios incluidos utilizaron una metodología de encuesta transversal y se basaron en la entrevista (EDE) y las medidas de autoinforme (en particular, la Binge Eating Scale, BES) para la evaluación de BE. Los resultados se midieron de manera inconsistente entre los ensayos, y hay datos limitados sobre los resultados de los tratamientos basados en la evidencia para BE/BED en mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color. DISCUSIÓN: Aunque las mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color tienen tasas similares o más altas de BE que las mujeres blancas, la mayoría de las investigaciones sobre BE y BED se han centrado en las mujeres blancas, con individuos afroamericanos y/o de color subrepresentados en ensayos clínicos. La investigación futura debería examinar los tratamientos basados en la evidencia para prevenir y tratar el BED en esta población.
| S-EPMC8010989 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ContextInterpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is an effective specialty treatment for binge eating disorder (BED). Behavioral weight loss treatment (BWL) and guided self-help based on cognitive behavior therapy (CBTgsh) have both resulted in short-term reductions in binge eating in obese patients with BED.ObjectiveTo test whether patients with BED require specialty therapy beyond BWL and whether IPT is more effective than either BWL or CBTgsh in patients with a high negative affect during a 2-year follow-up.DesignRandomized, active control efficacy trial.SettingUniversity outpatient clinics.ParticipantsTwo hundred five women and men with a body mass index between 27 and 45 who met DSM-IV criteria for BED. Intervention Twenty sessions of IPT or BWL or 10 sessions of CBTgsh during 6 months.Main outcome measuresBinge eating assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination.ResultsAt 2-year follow-up, both IPT and CBTgsh resulted in greater remission from binge eating than BWL (P < .05; odds ratios: BWL vs CBTgsh, 2.3; BWL vs IPT, 2.6; and CBTgsh vs IPT, 1.2). Self-esteem (P < .05) and global Eating Disorder Examination (P < .05) scores were moderators of treatment outcome. The odds ratios for low and high global Eating Disorder Examination scores were 2.8 for BWL, 2.9 for CBTgsh, and 0.73 for IPT; for self-esteem, they were 2.4 for BWL, 1.9 for CBTgsh, and 0.9 for IPT.ConclusionsInterpersonal psychotherapy and CBTgsh are significantly more effective than BWL in eliminating binge eating after 2 years. Guided self-help based on cognitive behavior therapy is a first-line treatment option for most patients with BED, with IPT (or full cognitive behavior therapy) used for patients with low self-esteem and high eating disorder psychopathology.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00060762.
| S-EPMC3757519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This report examined baseline affective response to binge eating as a predictor of binge-eating disorder (BED) treatment outcome. Baseline affective response was defined as: (1) each individual's average net change (i.e., area under the curve [AUC]) of positive affect (PA) or negative affect (NA) before and after binge-eating episodes and (2) post-binge eating slope of PA or NA across seven-days of ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Adults with BED completed Integrative Cognitive-Affective Therapy (ICAT-BED) or cognitive behavioral therapy guided self-help (CBTgsh). Individuals with greater net increases in PA (AUC) following binge eating at baseline exhibited better treatment response in ICAT-BED at end-of-treatment and follow-up. NA affective response was only significant at end-of-treatment; individuals with less rapid post-binge improvements in NA (slope) did better in ICAT-BED, while individuals with lower net improvements in NA (AUC) did better in CBTgsh. Affective response to binge eating may be a marker of BED treatment response.
| S-EPMC8579466 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionResearch on binge eating disorder continues to evolve and advance our understanding of recurrent binge eating.MethodsThis mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey aimed to collect information from experts in the field about clinical aspects of adult binge eating disorder pathology. Fourteen experts in binge eating disorder research and clinical care were identified based on receipt of relevant federal funding, PubMed-indexed publications, active practice in the field, leadership in relevant societies, and/or clinical and popular press distinction. Anonymously recorded semi-structured interviews were analyzed by ≥2 investigators using reflexive thematic analysis and quantification.ResultsIdentified themes included: (1) obesity (100%); (2) intentional/voluntary or unintentional/involuntary food/eating restriction (100%); (3) negative affect, emotional dysregulation, and negative urgency (100%); (4) diagnostic heterogeneity and validity (71%); (5) paradigm shifts in understanding binge eating disorder (29%); and (6) research gaps/future directives (29%).DiscussionOverall, experts call for a better understanding of the relationship between binge eating disorder and obesity, including a need for clarification around the extent to which the two health issues are separate vs. related/overlapping. Experts also commonly endorse food/eating restriction and emotion dysregulation as important components of binge eating disorder pathology, which aligns with two common models of binge eating disorder conceptualization (e.g., dietary restraint theory and emotion/affect regulation theory). A few experts spontaneously identified several paradigm shifts in our understanding of who can have an eating disorder (beyond the anorexi-centric "thin, White, affluent, cis-gendered neurotypical female" stereotype), and the various factors that can drive binge eating. Experts also identified several areas where classification issues may warrant future research. Overall, these results highlight the continual advancement of the field to better understand adult binge eating disorder as an autonomous eating disorder diagnosis.
| S-EPMC9971930 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundInefficient mechanisms of emotional regulation appear essential in understanding the development and maintenance of binge-eating disorder (BED). Previous research focused mainly on a very limited emotion regulation strategies in BED, such as rumination, suppression, and positive reappraisal. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess a wider range of emotional regulation strategies (i.e. acceptance, refocusing on planning, positive refocusing, positive reappraisal, putting into perspective, self-blame, other-blame, rumination, and catastrophizing), as well as associations between those strategies and binge-eating-related beliefs (negative, positive, and permissive), and clinical variables (eating disorders symptoms, both anxiety, depressive symptoms, and alexithymia).MethodsWomen diagnosed with BED (n = 35) according to the DSM-5 criteria and healthy women (n = 41) aged 22-60 years were assessed using: the Eating Attitudes Test-26, the Eating Beliefs Questionnaire-18, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Statistical analyses included: Student t - tests or Mann-Whitney U tests for testing group differences between BED and HC group, and Pearson's r coefficient or Spearman's rho for exploring associations between the emotion regulation difficulties and strategies, and clinical variables and binge-eating-related beliefs in both groups.ResultsThe BED group presented with a significantly higher level of emotion regulation difficulties such as: nonacceptance of emotional responses, lack of emotional clarity, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, and limited access to emotion regulation strategies compared to the healthy controls. Moreover, patients with BED were significantly more likely to use maladaptive strategies (rumination and self-blame) and less likely to use adaptive strategies (positive refocusing and putting into perspective). In the clinical group, various difficulties in emotion regulation difficulties occurred to be positively correlated with the level of alexithymia, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Regarding emotion regulation strategies, self-blame and catastrophizing were positively related to anxiety symptoms, but solely catastrophizing was related to the severity of eating disorder psychopathology.ConclusionsOur results indicate an essential and still insufficiently understood role of emotional dysregulation in BED. An especially important construct in this context seems to be alexithymia, which was strongly related to the majority of emotion regulation difficulties. Therefore, it might be beneficial to pay special attention to this construct when planning therapeutic interventions, as well as to the maladaptive emotion regulation strategies self-blame and catastrophizing, which were significantly related to BED psychopathology.
| S-EPMC8504023 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The prior occurrence of regular extreme weight-control behaviors was examined in a community sample of women (n = 27) with binge eating disorder (BED) or subthreshold BED.Approximately two thirds of participants (65.4%) reported the prior use of either purging at least weekly or nonpurging behaviors three or more times per week, for a period of 3 months or more, whereas 38.5% of participants reported either purging at least twice weekly or nonpurging behaviors five or more times per week. Comparatively few participants (11.1%) had ever met formal diagnostic criteria for BN.Considerable overlap between disorders characterized by binge eating in the absence of extreme weight-control behaviors and those characterized by extreme weight-control behaviors in the absence of binge eating may be apparent when a longitudinal perspective is taken. Caution needs to be exercised in drawing conclusions concerning the extent of this overlap based on any one operational definition of the term "regular extreme weight-control behaviors".
| S-EPMC5558594 | biostudies-other
Project description:To explore the relationship between binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity in patients with bipolar disorder (BP).717 patients participating in the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Biobank completed structured diagnostic interviews and questionnaires for demographic and illness-related variables. They also had weight and height measured to determine body mass index (BMI). The effects of BED and obesity (BMI?30 kg/m(2)), as well as their interaction, were assessed on one measure of general medical burden and six proxies of psychiatric illness burden.9.5% of patients received a clinical diagnosis of BED and 42.8% were obese. BED was associated with a significantly elevated BMI. Both BED and obesity were associated with greater psychiatric and general illness burden, but illness burden profiles differed. After controlling for obesity, BED was associated with suicidality, psychosis, mood instability, anxiety disorder comorbidity, and substance abuse comorbidity. After controlling for BED status, obesity was associated with greater general medical comorbidity, but lower substance abuse comorbidity. There were no significant interaction effects between obesity and BED, or BMI and BED, on any illness burden outcome.There may have been insufficient power to detect interactions between BED and obesity.Among patients with BP, BED and obesity are highly prevalent and correlated, but associated with different profiles of enhanced illness burden. As the association of BED with greater psychiatric illness burden remained significant even after accounting for the effect of obesity, BP with BED may represent a clinically important sub-phenotype.
| S-EPMC5551039 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo estimate relative suicidality risk associated with binge-eating disorder (BED).MethodsRetrospective study of patients identified as having BED (N = 1042) and a matched general population cohort (N = 10,420) from the Optum electronic health record database between January 2009 and September 2015. Patients had ≥1 outpatient encounter with a provider who recognized BED during the 12-month baseline preceding entry date. Incidence and relative risk of suicidality were assessed.ResultsIncidence per 1000 person-years (95% CI) of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, respectively, was 31.1 (23.1, 41.0) and 12.7 (7.9, 19.4) in the BED cohort and 5.8 (4.7, 7.1) and 1.4 (0.9, 2.2) in the comparator cohort. Risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was greater in the BED cohort (HR [95% CIs], 6.43 [4.42, 9.37]) than in the comparator cohort (HR [95% CI], 9.47 [4.99, 17.98]) during follow-up. After adjusting for psychiatric comorbidities, associations of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts with BED remained elevated in patients with BED having histories of suicidality.ConclusionsFindings suggest that history of suicidality may result in an increased risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in patients with BED relative to the general population. Psychiatric comorbidity burden may explain the elevated risk of these conditions in BED.
| S-EPMC8597150 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThis resource is a web-based and self-contained self-learning module (SLM) on binge-eating disorder (BED) that runs utilizing Articulate software. Certain skills and knowledge are required to both interview and manage patients diagnosed with the disorder. Because BED may be encountered by medical students, this module can help inform the learning process.MethodsSoftware was utilized to develop an SLM for third-year medical students utilizing video clips demonstrating the evolution of a clinical BED case from presentation to follow-up over 10-12 weeks. The focus is on differential diagnosis and management, with intermittent self-assessment quizzes and other evidence-based literature for further study. The module follows the case of Ms. Melanie May, who has been referred for help to lose weight. Further assessment reveals that she has BED. By having her needs therapeutically attended to, she receives help through focused cognitive behavioral therapy, the use of food log monitoring, and medications.ResultsThis SLM on BED has been implemented at the University of Toronto as an optional component of the psychiatry clerkship over the 2015/2016 academic year. Written and verbal feedback from faculty (n = 5) and students (n = 5) has been overwhelmingly positive.DiscussionThis SLM is intended as a clinical application exercise for third-year medical students who may not encounter patients with BED or who want to increase their clinical understanding of how to help patients who present with obesity and binge-eating complaints.
| S-EPMC6342049 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBinge Eating Disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder, yet it remains under-recognized and insufficiently understood in both healthcare and society. This leads to a lack of appropriate treatment options and challenges of identification within somatic healthcare. Our study aims to elucidate effective treatment approaches for BED by exploring patients' personal understandings of their treatment needs.MethodsWe interviewed 6 individuals diagnosed with BED regarding their healthcare experiences and analyzed the data using a modified qualitative method combining thematic and interpretive phenomenological analysis.ResultsThe analysis resulted in three main themes: Lack of understanding, Trapped in body shame and Hope and movement, each with belonging subcategories. These themes narrate a journey from being unrecognized with a psychological issue, feeling immobilized by body shame towards embarking on recovery. Particularly Trapped in body shame links the other main themes representing a barrier and a pivotal point in the recovery process.ConclusionsOur study highlights that shame related to binge eating and body image is pervasive in participants, exacerbated by a healthcare system that often prioritizes weight and lifestyle. Such shame can block treatment access and prolong the disorder. We argue for a paradigm shift in clinical practice towards patient-centered care that prioritizes empathy and holistic support over weight-focused models. Group therapy can be beneficial in reducing shame, if the group composition is carefully considered. Effective BED treatment should involve creating a safe environment for discussing body shame, emphasizing the need to address this issue to improve treatment effectiveness and patient satisfaction.
| S-EPMC11921570 | biostudies-literature