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An Active Retirement Programme, a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Sensorimotor Training Programme for Older Adults: A Study Protocol.

ABSTRACT: Research shows that exercise training programmes lead to several improvements in older adults' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and well-being. This study will examine the effects of an active retirement programme on Portuguese older adults, investigating its effects on body composition, physical fitness, HRQoL, and physical activity level (PAL). Therefore, a parallel-group randomised controlled trial will be conducted, including body composition (height and body weight), physical fitness (strength, flexibility, agility, postural control, and gait), HRQoL, and PAL assessments before and after the application of the programme. The programme will be carried out for six months, two days per week (45 min), plus a year of follow-up. The programme will consist of six circuits with eight physical exercises each. The circuits will change at the end of the four weeks (one monthly circuit). The exercises' difficulty will increase throughout the programme, with alternatives for all the participants. If the effectiveness of the programme is demonstrated, implementation in different services and municipalities could be advised, as the actors involved in health and social services should promote the well-being of their citizens through, among others, health-related physical activity and the prevention of diseases associated with inactivity.

SUBMITTER: Cabo CA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9819127 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An Active Retirement Programme, a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Sensorimotor Training Programme for Older Adults: A Study Protocol.

Cabo Carolina Alexandra CA Fernandes Orlando O Mendoza-Muñoz María M Barrios-Fernandez Sabina S Muñoz-Bermejo Laura L Gómez-Galán Rafael R Parraca Jose A JA

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) 20221228 1

Research shows that exercise training programmes lead to several improvements in older adults' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and well-being. This study will examine the effects of an active retirement programme on Portuguese older adults, investigating its effects on body composition, physical fitness, HRQoL, and physical activity level (PAL). Therefore, a parallel-group randomised controlled trial will be conducted, including body composition (height and body weight), physical fitness ...[more]

PMID: 36611545

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Project description:BackgroundLoss of functional capabilities due to inactivity is one of the most common reasons for fall accidents, and it has been well established that loss of capabilities can be effectively reduced by physical activity. Pilot studies indicate a possible improvement in functional abilities of community dwelling elderly as a result of short-term playing with an exergame system in the form of interactive modular tiles. Such playful training may be motivational to perform and viewed by the subjects to offer life-fulfilling quality, while providing improvement in physical abilities, e.g. related to prevent fall accidents. The RCT will test for a variety of health parameters of community-dwelling elderly playing on interactive modular tiles.MethodsThe study will be a single blinded, randomized controlled trial with 60 community-dwelling adults 70+ years. The trial will consist an intervention group of 30 participants training with the interactive modular tiles, and a control group of 30 participants that will receive the usual care provided to non-patient elderly. The intervention period will be 12 weeks. The intervention group will perform group training (4-5 individuals for 1 h training session with each participant receiving 13 min training) on the interactive tiles twice a week. Follow-up tests include 6-min Walk Test (6MWT), the 8-ft Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), and the Chair-Stand Test (CS) from the Senior Fitness Test, along with balancing tests (static test on Wii Board and Line Walk test). Secondary outcomes related to adherence, motivation and acceptability will be investigated through semi-structured interviews. Data will be collected from pre- and post-tests. Data will be analyzed for statistically significant differences by checking that there is a Gaussian distribution and then using paired t-test, otherwise using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. "Intention to treat" analysis will be done.DiscussionThe trial tests for increased mobility, agility, balancing and general fitness of community-dwelling elderly as a result of playing, in this case on modular interactive tiles. A positive outcome may help preventing loss of functional capabilities due to inactivity.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: Nr. NCT02496702 , Initial Release date 7/7-2015.

Project description:BackgroundResistance training and other forms of physical exercise are commonly suggested to promote brain health, yet the relationship between resistance training and brain structure in aging is poorly understood. We examined the short- and long-term influence of one year of supervised resistance training at two different loadings on brain structure in aging.MethodsIn the LISA (LIve active Successful Ageing) study, well-functioning older adults at retirement age (mean age: 66 ± 2 years) were randomized to one year of heavy resistance training (HRT), moderate intensity training (MIT), or a non-exercising control group (CON). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed at baseline, 1-, 2-, and 4-years follow ups. Trajectories of total grey matter, hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), and white matter hyperintensities were analyzed in relation to changes in muscle strength.ResultsIndividuals (n = 276) with MRI scans at all 4 timepoints were included (HRT, n = 96; MIT, n = 95; CON, n = 85). Total grey matter volume decreased with time across all groups (F3,819 = 231.549, p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.46), as did hippocampal (F3,819 = 310.07, p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.53), vlPFC (F3,818 = 74.380, p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.21), and dlPFC (F3,818 = 3.640, p = 0.013, η 2 = 0.01) volumes. White matter hyperintensity volumes increased (F3,819 = 101.876, p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.27). There were no significant group x time interactions for any of the brain structures. Additional cortical and subcortical vertex-wise analyses showed no group differences. Change in isometric leg strength was weakly associated with change in white matter hyperintensity volume across all individuals (r2 = 0.01, p = 0.048).ConclusionsOne year of resistance training in well-functioning older adults at retirement age did not influence volume changes in selected brain regions over a 4-year period.Trial registrationThe study was approved by the regional ethics committee and registered on clinicaltrials.gov 2014-04-24 (NCT02123641).

Project description:IntroductionOlder adults with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of cognitive decline and dementia and form an important target group for dementia risk reduction studies. Despite evidence that computerized cognitive training (CCT) may benefit cognitive performance in cognitively healthy older adults and those with mild cognitive impairment, whether CCT may benefit cognitive performance or improve disease self-management in older diabetic adults has not been studied to date. In addition, whether adaptive difficulty levels and tailoring of interventions to individuals' cognitive profile are superior to generic training remains to be established.MethodsNinety community-dwelling older (age ≥ 65) diabetic adults are recruited and randomized into a tailored and adaptive computerized cognitive training condition or to a generic, nontailored, or adaptive CCT condition. Both groups complete an 8-week training program using the commercially available CogniFit program. The intervention is augmented by a range of behavior-change techniques, and participants in each condition are further randomized into a global or cognition-specific phone-based self-efficacy (SE) condition, or a no-SE condition. The primary outcome is global cognitive performance immediately after the intervention. Secondary outcomes include diabetes self-management, meta-memory, mood, and SE.DiscussionThis pilot study is the first trial evaluating the potential benefits of home-based tailored and adaptive CCT in relation to cognitive and disease self-management in older diabetic adults. Methodological strengths of this trial include the double-blind design, the clear identification of the proposed active ingredients of the intervention, and the use of evidence-based behavior-change techniques. Results from this study will indicate whether CCT has the potential to lower the risk of diabetes-related cognitive decline. The outcomes of the trial will also advance our understanding of essential intervention parameters required to improve or maintain cognitive function and enhance disease self-management in this at-risk group.

Project description:BackgroundResistance training with pneumatic machines attenuates the age-associated loss in muscle strength and function in older adults. However, effectiveness of scaled-up pneumatic machine resistance training in the community is not known. We evaluated the effectiveness of a multi-site community-delivered 12-week pneumatic machine resistance programme (Gym Tonic (GT)) on muscle strength and physical function in older adults.MethodsThree hundred eighteen community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were randomized into 12-week (twice/week) coach-supervised-community-based-GT-programme(n = 168) and wait-list control groups(n = 150). After 12 weeks, the intervention group continued with GT-training and the control group received supervised-GT-programme for further 12 weeks (partial-crossover-design). Fried frailty score, lower-extremity muscle strength and physical function (i.e., fast and habitual gait-speed, balance, repeated-chair-sit-to-stand, short physical performance battery (SPPB)) were determined at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. Analysis adopted a modified-intention-to-treat-approach.ResultsAfter 12 weeks, lower-extremity muscle strength improved by 11-26%(all p < 0.05) and fast gait-speed improved by 7%(p = 0.008) in GT-intervention group(n = 132) than controls(n = 118), regardless of frailty status. Other physical function performance did not differ between control and intervention groups after 12 weeks (all p > 0.05). Frailty score improved by 0.5 in the intervention but not control group(p = 0.004). Within the intervention group, lower-extremity muscle strength and physical function outcomes improved at 24 weeks compared with baseline (all p < 0.001). Within controls, lower-extremity muscle strength, SPPB, repeated-chair-sit-to-stand and fast gait-speed improved post-GT (24-week) compared to both pre-GT (12-week) and baseline. Programme adherence was high in intervention [0-12-weeks,90%(SD,13%); 12-24-weeks,89%(SD,17%)] and control [12-24-weeks,90%(SD,19%)] groups.ConclusionCommunity-delivered GT resistance training programme with pneumatic machines has high adherence, improves muscle strength and fast gait-speed, and can be effectively implemented at scale for older adults. Future studies could examine if including other multi-modal function-specific training to complement GT can achieve better physical/functional performance in power, balance and endurance tasks.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04661618 , Registered 10 December 2020 - Retrospectively registered.

Project description:BackgroundIncreasing physical activity, improving diet, and performing brain training exercises are associated with reduced cognitive decline in older adults.ObjectiveIn this paper, we describe a feasibility trial of the Active Brains intervention, a web-based digital intervention developed to support older adults to make these 3 healthy behavior changes associated with improved cognitive health. The Active Brains trial is a randomized feasibility trial that will test how accessible, acceptable, and feasible the Active Brains intervention is and the effectiveness of the study procedures that we intend to use in the larger, main trial.MethodsIn the randomized controlled trial (RCT), we use a parallel design. We will be conducting the intervention with 2 populations recruited through GP practices (family practices) in England from 2018 to 2019: older adults with signs of cognitive decline and older adults without any cognitive decline. Trial participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 study groups: usual care, the Active Brains intervention, or the Active Brains website plus brief support from a trained coach (over the phone or by email). The main outcomes are performance on cognitive tasks, quality of life (using EuroQol-5D 5 level), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and diagnoses of dementia. Secondary outcomes (including depression, enablement, and health care costs) and process measures (including qualitative interviews with participants and supporters) will also be collected. The trial has been approved by the National Health Service Research Ethics Committee (reference 17/SC/0463).ResultsResults will be published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences, and shared at public engagement events. Data collection was completed in May 2020, and the results will be reported in 2021.ConclusionsThe findings of this study will help us to identify and make important changes to the website, the support received, or the study procedures before we progress to our main randomized phase III trial.Trial registrationInternational Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number 23758980; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN23758980.International registered report identifier (irrid)DERR1-10.2196/18929.

Dataset Information

An Active Retirement Programme, a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Sensorimotor Training Programme for Older Adults: A Study Protocol.

Publications

An Active Retirement Programme, a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Sensorimotor Training Programme for Older Adults: A Study Protocol.

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