Trends in Self-reported and Biochemically Verified Cocaine and Methamphetamine Use Among Pregnant Individuals in Northern California, 2011-2019.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Young-Wolff KC
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9857285 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Trends in Self-reported and Biochemically Verified Cocaine and Methamphetamine Use Among Pregnant Individuals in Northern California, 2011-2019.
Young-Wolff Kelly C KC Slama Natalie E NE Sarovar Varada V Terplan Mishka M Ansley Deborah D Adams Sara R SR Alexeeff Stacey E SE
JAMA network open 20221201 12
Similar Datasets
Project description:BackgroundMost clinical and epidemiologic estimates of prenatal cannabis use are based on self-report, and the validity of self-reported cannabis use has not been examined in a large, representative population of pregnant women. We determined the validity of self-reported prenatal cannabis use and predictors of nondisclosure using data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California's (KPNC) healthcare system with universal prenatal cannabis screening during prenatal care.MethodsValidation study using data from 281,025 pregnancies in KPNC among females aged ≥11 years who completed a self-administered questionnaire on prenatal cannabis use and a cannabis urine toxicology test from 2009 to 2017. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of self-reported prenatal cannabis use using urine toxicology testing as the criterion standard, and sensitivity of urine toxicology testing using self-reported use as the criterion standard. We compared sociodemographics of those who disclosed versus did not disclose prenatal cannabis use.ResultsUrine toxicology testing identified more instances of prenatal cannabis use than self-report (4.9% vs 2.5%). Sensitivity of self-reported use was low (33.9%). Sensitivity of the toxicology test was higher (65.8%), with greater detection of self-reported daily (83.9%) and weekly (77.4%) than monthly or less use (54.1%). Older women, those of Hispanic race/ethnicity, and those with lower median neighborhood incomes were most likely to be misclassified as not using cannabis by self-reported screening.ConclusionsGiven that many women choose not to disclose prenatal cannabis use, clinicians should educate all prenatal patients about the potential risks and advise them to quit cannabis use during pregnancy.
| S-EPMC7931632 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo describe changes over time in resuscitation, survival, and morbidity of extremely preterm infants in California.Study designThis population-based, retrospective cohort study includes infants born ≤28 weeks. Linked birth certificates and hospital discharge records were used to evaluate active resuscitation, survival, and morbidity across two epochs (2011-2014, 2015-2019).ResultsOf liveborn infants, 0.6% were born ≤28 weeks. Active resuscitation increased from 16.9% of 22-week infants to 98.1% of 25-week infants and increased over time in 22-, 23-, and 25-week infants (p-value ≤ 0.01). Among resuscitated infants, survival to discharge increased from 33.2% at 22 weeks to 96.1% at 28 weeks. Survival without major morbidity improved over time for 28-week infants (p-value < 0.01).ConclusionAmong infants ≤28 weeks, resuscitation and survival increased with gestational age and morbidity decreased. Over time, active resuscitation of periviable infants and morbidity-free survival of 28-week infants increased. These trends may inform counseling around extremely preterm birth.
| S-EPMC10844092 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10140801 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeOur goal was to determine the association between biochemically verified post-diagnosis smoking exposure and nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrence risk.Materials and methodsWe conducted a prospective study of 354 NMIBC patients with a smoking history undergoing care between 2015 and 2018. Patients contributed at least 2 biospecimens during followup which were tested for cotinine to determine biochemically verified post-diagnosis smoking exposure (yes/no). Our primary endpoint was time to first recurrence after study start date. We examined whether post-diagnosis smoking exposure was associated with recurrence risk in multivariable Cox proportional hazards models that accounted for demographics, clinicopathological variables, time since diagnosis and pack-years.ResultsPatients were predominantly White, male and had a median age of 68 years. Most patients had Ta disease (62%) and tumors of high grade (68%). Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin was given to 63% of the cohort. Patients were followed for a median of 3.6 years since study start. Post-diagnosis smoking exposure was detected in 22% of patients, and 38.7% (137) of patients experienced a recurrence during followup. In multivariable models, only bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment and prior recurrence rate were significantly associated with recurrence. There was no association between post-diagnosis smoking exposure and recurrence risk (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.45-1.20).ConclusionsIn a cohort of patients with predominantly high risk NMIBC, post-diagnosis smoking exposure was not associated with NMIBC recurrence. However, smoking cessation support remains a critical component of cancer care given that the benefits of quitting extend far beyond NMIBC recurrence.
| S-EPMC9472323 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ney's Spring, Northern California Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA739719 | ENA
Project description:The investigators overall goal is to develop, implement, test, and disseminate an intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening rates at Kaiser Permanente (KP) by providing home fecal immunochemical test kits (FIT) to eligible patients aged 50 and older who participate in annual influenza vaccination campaigns. The investigators hypothesis is that the FLU-FIT Program will be an effective method to increase colorectal cancer screening rates at Kaiser Permanente.
| 2095734 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown a correlation between fluoride concentrations in urine and community water fluoride concentrations. However, there are no studies of the relationship between community water fluoridation, urine, serum, and amniotic fluid fluoride concentrations in pregnant women in the US. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal urine fluoride (MUF), maternal urine fluoride adjusted for specific gravity (MUFSG), maternal serum fluoride (MSF), amniotic fluid fluoride (AFF) concentrations during pregnancy, and community water fluoridation in Northern California. METHODS:Archived samples of urine, serum and amniotic fluid collected from second trimester pregnant women in Northern California from 47 different communities in Northern California and one from Montana (n =?48), were analyzed for fluoride using an ion specific electrode following acid microdiffusion. Women's addresses were matched to publicly reported water fluoride concentrations. We examined whether fluoride concentrations in biospecimens differed by fluoridation status of the community water, and determined the association between water fluoride concentrations and biospecimen fluoride concentrations using linear regression models adjusted for maternal age, smoking, Body Mass Index (BMI), race/ethnicity, and gestational age at sample collection. RESULTS:Fluoride concentrations in the community water supplies ranged from 0.02 to 1.00?mg/L. MUF, MSF , and AFF concentrations were significantly higher in pregnant women living in communities adhering to the U.S. recommended water fluoride concentration (0.7?mg/L), as compared with communities with less than 0.7?mg/L fluoride in drinking water. When adjusted for maternal age, smoking status, BMI, race/ethnicity, and gestational age at sample collection, a 0.1?mg/L increase in community water fluoride concentration was positively associated with higher concentrations of MUF (B?=?0.052, 95% CI:0.019,0.085), MUFSG (B = 0.028, 95% CI: -0.006, 0.062), MSF (B?=?0.001, 95% CI: 0.000, 0.003) and AFF (B?=?0.001, 95% CI: 0.000, 0.002). CONCLUSIONS:We found universal exposure to fluoride in pregnant women and to the fetus via the amniotic fluid. Fluoride concentrations in urine, serum, and amniotic fluid from women were positively correlated to public records of community water fluoridation. Community water fluoridation remains a major source of fluoride exposure for pregnant women living in Northern California.
| S-EPMC7132865 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundResearch on COVID-19 during pregnancy has mainly focused on women hospitalized for COVID-19 or other reasons during their pregnancy. Little is known about COVID-19 in the general population of pregnant women.ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of COVID-19, symptoms, consequent healthcare use, and possible sources of COVID-19 exposure among a population-based sample of pregnant women residing in Northern California.MethodsWe analyzed data from 19,458 members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California who were pregnant between January 2020 and April 2021 and responded to an online survey about COVID-19 testing, diagnosis, symptoms, and their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical diagnosis of COVID-19 during pregnancy was defined separately by self-report and by documentation in electronic health records (EHR). We examined relationships of COVID-19 with sociodemographic factors, underlying comorbidities, and survey measures of COVID-19-like symptoms, consequent healthcare utilization, and possible COVID-19 exposures.ResultsAmong 19,458 respondents, the crude prevalence of COVID-19 was 2.5% (n = 494) according to self-report and 1.4% (n = 276) according to EHR. After adjustment, the prevalence of self-reported COVID-19 was higher among women aged <25 years compared with women aged ≥35 years (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.75, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.49) and among Hispanic women compared with White women (PR, 1.91, 95% CI: 1.53, 2.37). Prevalence of self-reported COVID-19 was higher among women affected by personal or partner job loss during the pandemic (PR, 1.23, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.47) and among women living in areas of high vs. low neighborhood deprivation (PR, 1.74, 95% CI: 1.33, 2.27). We did not observe differences in self-reported COVID-19 between women with and without underlying comorbidities. Results were similar for EHR-documented COVID-19. Loss of smell or taste was a unique and common symptom reported among women with COVID-19 (42.3% in self-reported; 54.0% in EHR-documented). Among women with symptomatic COVID-19, approximately 2% were hospitalized, 71% had a telehealth visit, and 75% quarantined at home. Over a third of women with COVID-19 reported no known exposure to someone with COVID-19.ConclusionsObserved COVID-19 prevalence differences by sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors underscore social and health inequities among reproductive-aged women. Women with COVID-19 reported unique symptoms and low frequency of hospitalization. Many were not aware of an exposure to someone with COVID-19.
| S-EPMC8415576 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11662247 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Stanford's Outcomes Research in Kids (STORK) is an ongoing prospective cohort of healthy pregnant women and their babies established to determine the effect of infectious diseases on weight, linear growth and immune system development during childhood. Additionally, a nested randomised intervention of household and personal cleaning products tests the effects of the microbicides triclosan and triclocarban on these outcomes and incidence of infection.Healthy pregnant women were identified and enrolled primarily at public clinics; their babies, enrolled shortly after birth, are followed to age 36 months. Automated weekly surveys assess daily health status, infectious disease symptoms, healthcare provider visits and antibiotic use, in the mother during pregnancy and the baby once born. At 4-monthly household visits, information and samples are collected from the mother (urine, stool, saliva, skin swab), the baby (blood by heel/toe stick, urine, stool, saliva, skin swab) and the household (environmental swabs). Annual blood samples are obtained by venipuncture (mother and baby). Medical charts are abstracted for allergy and infectious illness in the mother during pregnancy and the baby.From 7/2011 to 2/2015, 158 mothers were enrolled at approximately 20 weeks gestation; 127 babies were enrolled. Two-thirds of mothers are Hispanic, one-third are non-US born and one-third speak primarily Spanish; mean years of education is 13 (SD 6.2) years. Households have on average 4.5 residents. Most households (97%) were randomised to participate in the intervention. Completion of weekly surveys (86%) and follow-up (75% after 14 months) is excellent in this young, mobile population; collection of samples is ongoing with thousands of specimens stored.Enrolled babies will be followed until age 36 months (last anticipated visit: 07/2018) with medical chart review completed soon thereafter. All epidemiological information and samples will be available for collaborative hypothesis testing.NCT01442701; Pre-results.
| S-EPMC4838723 | biostudies-other