Dataset Information

Reduction in soil CO₂ efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)-rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) intercropping system.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Intercropping has a potential to reduce the CO₂ emission from farmlands. Limited information is available on the underlying reasons.

Methods

This study investigated the effect of milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) (MV), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) monoculture (RS) and intercropping (Intercrop) on soil CO₂ emissions, moisture and temperature in a bucket experiment during 210 days from October 2015 to May 2016 on Chongqing, China.

Results

The results showed that soil CO₂ efflux of MV, RS and Intercrop was 1.44, 1.55 and 2.08 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 during seedling and stem elongation stages and 3.08, 1.59 and 1.95 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 during flowering and podding stages. At seeding and stem elongation stages Intercrop had 1.4 times higher soil CO₂ efflux than the mean of MV and RS. In contrast, MVhad 1.6 times higher soil CO₂ efflux than Intercrop thereafter, which shows it was inhibited if milk vetch presents as Intercrop only. Decreased sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature in 1.4 times and lower soil moisture by Intercrop were found compared to MV. Intercrop decreased soil moisture, especially at the seedling and stem elongation stages, compared to the monoculture. The fluctuation on soil respiration in RS and Intercrop was slight with changes in soil moisture.

Conclusion

Thus, milk vetch-rapeseed system has a potential to decrease CO₂ emission from farmland, however soil moisture should be regulated properly.

SUBMITTER: Zhou Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9875911 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Reduction in soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (<i>Astragalus sinicus</i> L.)-rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) intercropping system.

Zhou Quan Q Gunina Anna A Chen Jiao J Xing Yi Y Xiong Ying Y Guo Zhiming Z Wang Longchang L

Frontiers in plant science 20230110

<h4>Introduction</h4>Intercropping has a potential to reduce the CO<sub>2</sub> emission from farmlands. Limited information is available on the underlying reasons.<h4>Methods</h4>This study investigated the effect of milk vetch (<i>Astragalus sinicus</i> L.) (MV), rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) monoculture (RS) and intercropping (Intercrop) on soil CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, moisture and temperature in a bucket experiment during 210 days from October 2015 to May 2016 on Chongqing, China.<h4 ...[more]

PMID: 36714782

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Project description:The number of grains per unit land area is the most important grain yield component in Chinese milk vetch. Flower and pod survival seem to be critical determinants of grain number, which is related to the number of fertile flowers and pods during the anthesis period. Flower and pod growth are frequently considered the key determinants to establish grain number. The objective of this study was to explore the influences of paclobutrazol on flower and pod development, grain-setting characteristics and grain yield in Chinese milk vetch under different concentrations of foliar spray and try to explore the physiological regulatory mechanisms. Field experiments were carried out during the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons at the Dayuzhuang experimental field. The experiment involved the Chinese milk vetch cultivar "Xinzi No. 1" and six levels of foliar application of paclobutrazol, 0, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mg L-1, in treatments CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively. Foliar spray was applied once, at the squaring stage. In comparison with the CK treatment, all of the paclobutrazol treatments yielded, to various degrees, increased values of the number of inflorescences per unit area, number of pods per unit area, grain-setting rate of pods, and number of grains per pod in all six inflorescence layers, with the largest increases observed in the T3 treatment. In the T3 treatment compared with the CK treatment, from the first to sixth inflorescence layers, the number of inflorescences per unit area was increased by 34.07-58.97%, the number of pods per unit area was increased by 39.69-68.35%, the grain number per pod was increased by 44.31-53.69%, and the grain-setting rate of pods was increased by 1.84-4.89%. An analysis of yield composition revealed that the paclobutrazol spray treatment had little impact on the grain weight of Chinese milk vetch. The correlations between the concentration of paclobutrazol spray and the grain yield of Chinese milk vetch reached a significant level. Grain yield was highest at the paclobutrazol concentration of 373.10 mg/L. The inflorescence contents of gibberellic acid 3 (GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) were reduced, whereas that of cytokinin (CTK) was increased, by foliar application of paclobutrazol (400 mg L-1, T3 treatment) relative to CK treatment during the stages of flowers and pods developing into grains.

Project description:Astragalus sinicus L. (milk vetch), a versatile plant that has a soil-enriching effect as green manure, is widely planted in the temperate zone of China. In previous experiments, milk vetch incorporated into the soil as green manure showed potential for goosegrass control. However, "what exactly happens at the chemical level?" and "what are the compounds that are potentially responsible for the phytotoxic effects observed during those previous assays?" In a recent study, in vitro phytotoxicity bioassays and chemical analyses of milk vetch decomposition leachates were carried out to explore the relationship between the temporal phytotoxic effects and the dynamics of chemical composition. For that, milk vetch decomposition leachates with a decay time of 12 h, 9 days, 12 days, 15 days, and 18 days were analyzed for organic compounds by liquid chromatography. The main results were as follows: (1) three compounds with goosegrass suppression potential produced during the decomposed process, i.e., 4-ethylphenol, N-acrylimorpholine, and allyl isothiocyanate. 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate was present in the 12-h decomposition leachates but was at its highest concentration of 127.1 µg ml-1 at 15 days. (2) The cultures were configured according to the four concentrations of goosegrass-resistant active substances measured in the 15-day decomposition leachate and, as with the 15-day decomposition leachate, the mixture cultures inhibited 100% of goosegrass germination at the high concentrations (≥ 30%), which suggests that these substances have goosegrass suppression potential. (3) The high total phenolic content (302.8-532.3 mg L-1), the total flavonoid content (8.4-72.1 mg L-1), and the reducing activity of the decomposition leachates for different decay times may explain why the incorporation of milk vetch into the soil did not lead to peroxidation of goosegrass in the previous study. (4) Finally, the changes in acid fraction and total content (1.9-4.2 mg ml-1) for different decay times explain the variations in pH of the decomposition leachates, which, when discussed in conjunction with previous studies, may lead to changes in soil nutrient effectiveness and consequently affect crop growth. This study can provide a reference for green weed control research.

Project description:Astragalus sinicus L. (milk vetch), one of the most widespread green manure species, is widely planted in the temperate zone. Eleusine indica L. (goosegrass), a serious annual weed in the world, has evolved resistance to some non-selective herbicides. The use of milk vetch as green manure for weed control in paddy fields was proposed. Aqueous extracts of milk vetch are known to exert a different level of phytotoxicity on weeds and crops. Phytotoxic substances contained in green manure were released into the soil by leaching at the initial stage and decomposition at the later stage after the return of green manure. Considering the need for searching new sustainable strategies for weed control, a question arises: "if milk vetch could be applied in goosegrass control, which stage is the most important to control goosegrass after milk vetch returned to the field, and at the same time, will the subsequent crop, corn (Zea mays L.), be affected by the side effects from milk vetch phytotoxicity?" In this study, the potential of milk vetch for goosegrass control was approached by repeated laboratory experiments, which include the aqueous extract experiment, decomposed experiment, and pot experiment. The effects of milk vetch returning to the field on maize were simulated by a pot experiment. The extract of milk vetch could significantly inhibit the germination of goosegrass at 2% concentration, and the inhibition enhanced with the increase of concentration. In the decomposed liquid experiment, decay time within 15 days, with the increase of decay days or concentration, goosegrass inhibition effect of decomposed liquid was enhanced. When decay time was more than 15 days, the inhibition ability of the decomposed liquid to goosegrass decreased. According to the RI accumulated value, aqueous extract and decomposed liquid have a "hormesis effect" on the germination and growth of goosegrass. Pot experiment proved that the addition of 1-10% (w/w) of milk vetch significantly reduced the germination and growth of goosegrass. On the contrary, the comprehensive analysis showed that the participation of milk vetch was conducive to the growth of corn. Our results constitute evidence that the incorporation of milk vetch into the soil could be a feasible practice to reduce weed infarctions in the corn-based cropping system.

Dataset Information

Reduction in soil CO₂ efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)-rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) intercropping system.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Reduction in soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (<i>Astragalus sinicus</i> L.)-rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) intercropping system.

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Dataset Information

Reduction in soil CO2 efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)-rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) intercropping system.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Reduction in soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (<i>Astragalus sinicus</i> L.)-rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) intercropping system.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Reduction in soil CO₂ efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)-rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) intercropping system.