Dataset Information

Explaining obesity disparities by urbanicity, 2006 to 2016: A decomposition analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

A large, and potentially growing, disparity in obesity prevalence exists between large central metros and less urban United States counties. This study examines its key predictors.

Methods

Using a rich county-year data set spanning 2006 to 2016, the authors conducted a Gelbach decomposition to examine the relative importance of demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors in shaping the baseline obesity gap and the growth rate over time between large central metros and other counties.

Results

Predictors included in this model explain almost the entire obesity gap between large central metros and other counties in the baseline year but can explain only ~32% of the growing gap. At baseline, demographic predictors explain more than half the obesity gap, and socioeconomic and behavioral predictors explain the other half. Behavioral and socioeconomic predictors explain more than half the growing gap over time whereas controlling for environmental and demographic predictors decreases the obesity gap by urbanicity over time.

Conclusions

Results suggest policy makers should prioritize interventions targeting health behaviors of residents in non-large central metros to slow the growth of the obesity gap between large central metros and other counties. However, to fundamentally eliminate the obesity gap, in addition to improving health behaviors, policies addressing socioeconomic inequalities are needed.

SUBMITTER: Zang E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9877136 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Explaining obesity disparities by urbanicity, 2006 to 2016: A decomposition analysis.

Zang Emma E Flores Morales Josefina J Luo Liying L Baid Drishti D

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20230109 2

<h4>Objective</h4>A large, and potentially growing, disparity in obesity prevalence exists between large central metros and less urban United States counties. This study examines its key predictors.<h4>Methods</h4>Using a rich county-year data set spanning 2006 to 2016, the authors conducted a Gelbach decomposition to examine the relative importance of demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors in shaping the baseline obesity gap and the growth rate over time between large ...[more]

PMID: 36621926

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Project description:Introducción. La tuberculosis extremadamente resistente a los medicamentos (TB-XDR) es el resultado de deficiencias en la administración del tratamiento y en la prevención de la transmisión de la enfermedad; además, es un reto para los programas nacionales de control de la tuberculosis. Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los casos de TB-XDR diagnosticados en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se trata de un estudio de serie de casos, de pacientes con diagnóstico de TB-XDR, de 2006 a 2016 en Colombia. Las fuentes de información fueron el formato único de vigilancia y la base de datos del Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia. Se analizaron las variables: entidad territorial de procedencia, sexo, edad, régimen de afiliación, forma de tuberculosis, coinfección tuberculosis-HIV, patrón de sensibilidad a los fármacos de segunda línea y resultado (vivo o muerto). Resultados. En el período de estudio, se diagnosticaron 51 casos de TB-XDR, 28 hombres y 23 mujeres, con un promedio anual de cinco casos. En los departamentos de Antioquia, Valle del Cauca y Atlántico, se presentaron 46 (90 %) de los casos. El rango de edad fue de 5 a 81 años y, la mediana, de 40 años. De los 51 pacientes, 32 (63 %) estaban afiliados al régimen subsidiado de salud y 46 (90 %) presentaron tuberculosis pulmonar; de los 22 a quienes se les practicó la prueba para HIV, en tres (13,6 %) había coinfección con HIV, y 29 (57 %) murieron. Los fármacos a los cuales hubo mayor resistencia, fueron ofloxacina en 45 (88 %) casos y amikacina en 43 (84 %). Conclusión. La TB-XDR se presentó principalmente en formas pulmonares, lo cual aumenta la probabilidad de transmisión en la comunidad y se refleja en la aparición de tuberculosis resistente en menores de 15 años. La población más afectada es la económicamente activa, con una gran mortalidad. El Programa Nacional de Prevención y Control de la Tuberculosis debe generar estrategias para evitar la propagación de cepas resistentes.

Dataset Information

Explaining obesity disparities by urbanicity, 2006 to 2016: A decomposition analysis.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Explaining obesity disparities by urbanicity, 2006 to 2016: A decomposition analysis.

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