Dataset Information

Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and Mediterranean diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

We aimed to investigate the association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-style diet and Mediterranean-style diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions (LMERs).

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Dietary intakes were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary quality was assessed by the DASH-style diet score and the alternative Mediterranean-style diet (aMED) score. The association between dietary quality and blood pressure was evaluated using multivariate linear regression model. We further examined those associations in subgroups of blood pressure level.

Participants

A total of 81433 adults from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study were included in this study.

Results

In the overall population, compared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintile of DASH-style diet score was negatively associated with systolic BP (coefficient: -2.78, 95% CI: -3.15 to -2.41; P-trend<0.001), while the highest quintile of aMED score had a weaker negative association with systolic BP (coefficient: -1.43, 95% CI: -1.81 to -1.05; P-trend<0.001). Both dietary indices also showed a weaker effect on diastolic BP (coefficient for DASH-style diet: -1.06, 95% CI: -1.30 to -0.82; coefficient for aMED: -0.43, 95% CI: -0.68 to -0.19). In the subgroup analysis, both dietary indices showed a stronger beneficial effect on systolic BP in the hypertension group than in either of the other subgroups.

Conclusion

Our results indicated that the healthy diet originating from Western developed countries can also have beneficial effects on blood pressure in LEMRs. DASH-style diet may be a more appropriate recommendation than aMED as part of a dietary strategy to control blood pressure, especially in hypertensive patients.

SUBMITTER: Dai S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9991676 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and Mediterranean diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions.

Dai Suyao S Xiao Xiong X Xu Chuanzhi C Jiao Yan Y Qin Zixiu Z Meng Jiantong J Zuo Haojiang H Zeng Peibin P Tang Dan D Wu Xinyu X Qucuo Nima N Deji Quzong Q Zhao Xing X

Public health nutrition 20220114

<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to investigate the association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-style diet and Mediterranean-style diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions (LMERs).<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional study.<h4>Setting</h4>Dietary intakes were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary quality was assessed by the DASH-style diet score and the alternative Mediterranean-style diet (aMED) score. The association between dietary quali ...[more]

PMID: 35029141

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Project description:Background In Western developed countries, food-based dietary patterns have been associated with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, but little is known about such associations in less developed ethnic minority regions (LEMRs), where the cardiometabolic disease burden is growing rapidly and food patterns differ substantially. Methods Between May 2018 and September 2019, we recruited 99556 participants aged 30-79 years from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) Study. We measured habitual dietary intake with validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and then calculated dietary pattern scores for two of the most studied a priori dietary patterns, i.e., Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and alternative Mediterranean (aMED) style diets, and three a posteriori dietary patterns. Four cardiometabolic risks, including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS), were newly diagnosed by medical examination and blood tests. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) relating various dietary pattern scores to cardiometabolic risks using marginal structural models under the guidance of directed acyclic graphs. For the above associations, we further calculated the proportion mediated by overweight (PM) using regression-based mediation analysis for better public health implications. Findings The final study sample consisted of 68834 participants. Among them, we newly diagnosed 12803 hypertension, 3527 diabetes, 16342 hyperlipidaemia, and 8198 MetS cases. Overall, all 5 dietary patterns showed considerable associations with risks of hypertension and MetS. Comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles, the DASH score showed the strongest inverse associations with risks of hypertension (OR=0.74, 95% CI:0.70-0.79; PM=10%) and MetS (OR=0.79, 95% CI:0.74-0.85; PM=35%); conversely, scores of the localized a posteriori Yunnan-Guizhou plateau dietary pattern in LEMRs showed the strongest positive associations with risks of hypertension (OR=1.44, 95% CI:1.35-1.52; PM=10%) and MetS (OR=1.35, 95% CI:1.26-1.46; PM=33%), with all P values for trend <0.001. These associations were consistent in various subgroups defined by sex, age, smoking and physical activity, but with magnitudes that differed substantially across different ethnic regions and urbanicity. By investigating the single-component effects of dietary patterns, the dairy intake component contributed a major proportion to the beneficial effects of DASH (41.9% for hypertension and 100.5% for MetS). Interpretation Substantial socioeconomic status and ethnic disparities in diet quality and related cardiometabolic risks were seen in LEMRs, with hypertension being the top diet-related cardiometabolic risk. Our findings support that DASH provides superior dietary guidance compared to aMED for reducing cardiometabolic risks in LEMRs. In particular, the dairy intake encouraged by DASH may produce considerable beneficial effects. Funding This study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China; full funding sources listed in the acknowledgements.

Project description:BackgroundLittle is known about the associations between healthy dietary patterns and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in less-developed ethnic minority regions (LEMRs), where the prevalence of MAFLD is increasing rapidly and dietary habits are quite different from those in developed countries. Moreover, a significant subset of MAFLD individuals in LEMRs are nonobese, but the efficacy of dietary patterns on MAFLD individuals with different obese statuses is also unclear. We aimed to test the associations of two wildly recommended a priori dietary patterns-Alternate Mediterranean diet (AMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-with the risk of MAFLD in the total population, and further in nonobese and obese individuals.MethodsWe recruited 99,556 participants in the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study, an ongoing cohort study in less-developed southwest China. Using validated food frequency questionnaire, each participant was assigned an AMED score and a DASH score. MAFLD was ascertained as hepatic steatosis on ultrasound together with diabetes, overweight/obesity, or two other metabolic risk factors. We performed logistic regression with inverse probability of exposure weighting (IPEW) to examine associations between two dietary patterns and MAFLD, adjusting for potential confounders under the guidance of directed acyclic graphs. Further, analyses were stratified by body mass index.ResultsWe included 66,526 participants (age 49.5±11.0; 62.6% women), and the prevalence of MAFLD was 16.1%. Participants in the highest quintile of DASH score showed strong inverse associations with risks of MAFLD (OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80-0.91; Ptrend < 0.001) compared with participants in the lowest quintile. The association between DASH and nonobese MAFLD (OR = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.61-0.78; Ptrend < 0.001) was stronger (I2 = 78.5 % ; Pheterogeneity = 0.001) than that with obese MAFLD (OR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.98; Ptrend = 0.002). There was a null association between AMED and MAFLD risk.ConclusionsIn LEMRs, a DASH diet but not AMED was associated with MAFLD. The relationship appeared to be more pronounced in nonobese MAFLD individuals than in obese MAFLD individuals.

Project description:The Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet seems a promising approach to preserve brain function during aging. Previous systematic reviews have demonstrated benefits of the MIND diet for cognition and dementia, though an update is needed. Additionally, other outcomes relevant to brain aging have not been summarized. Therefore, this systematic review aims to give an up-to-date and complete overview on human studies that examined the MIND diet in relation to brain aging outcomes in adults aged ≥40 y. Ovid Medline, Web of Science core collection, and Scopus were searched up to July 25, 2023. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool. We included 40 articles, of which 32 were unique cohorts. Higher MIND diet adherence was protective of dementia in 7 of 10 cohorts. Additionally, positive associations were demonstrated in 3 of 4 cohorts for global cognition and 4 of 6 cohorts for episodic memory. The protective effects of the MIND diet on cognitive decline are less apparent, with only 2 of 7 longitudinal cohorts demonstrating positive associations for global decline and 1 of 6 for episodic memory decline. For other brain outcomes (domain-specific cognition, cognitive impairments, Parkinson's disease, brain volume, and pathology), results were mixed or only few studies had been performed. Many of the cohorts demonstrating protective associations were of North American origin, raising the question if the most favorable diet for healthy brain aging is population-dependent. In conclusion, this systematic review provides observational evidence for protective associations between the MIND diet and global cognition and dementia risk, but evidence for other brain outcomes remains mixed and/or limited. The MIND diet may be the preferred diet for healthy brain aging in North American populations, though evidence for other populations seems less conclusive. This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022254625.

Project description:BackgroundThere are established guidelines for recommended dietary intake for hypertension treatment and cardiovascular disease prevention. Evidence is lacking for effective dietary patterns for kidney disease prevention.Study designProspective cohort study.Setting & participantsAtherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60mL/min/1.73m2 (N=14,882).PredictorThe Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score was calculated based on self-reported dietary intake of red and processed meat, sweetened beverages, sodium, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and legumes, and low-fat dairy products, averaged over 2 visits.OutcomesCases were ascertained based on the development of eGFRs<60mL/min/1.73m2 accompanied by ≥25% eGFR decline from baseline, an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth/Tenth Revision code for a kidney disease-related hospitalization or death, or end-stage renal disease from baseline through 2012.Results3,720 participants developed kidney disease during a median follow-up of 23 years. Participants with a DASH diet score in the lowest tertile were 16% more likely to develop kidney disease than those with the highest score tertile (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.07-1.26; P for trend < 0.001), after adjusting for sociodemographics, smoking status, physical activity, total caloric intake, baseline eGFR, overweight/obese status, diabetes status, hypertension status, systolic blood pressure, and antihypertensive medication use. Of the individual components of the DASH diet score, high red and processed meat intake was adversely associated with kidney disease and high nuts, legumes, and low-fat dairy products intake was associated with reduced risk for kidney disease.LimitationsPotential measurement error due to self-reported dietary intake and lack of data for albuminuria.ConclusionsConsuming a DASH-style diet was associated with lower risk for kidney disease independent of demographic characteristics, established kidney risk factors, and baseline kidney function. Healthful dietary patterns such as the DASH diet may be beneficial for kidney disease prevention.

Dataset Information

Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and Mediterranean diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and Mediterranean diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions.

Similar Datasets

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