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CryoET of cis-mutated mouse protocadherin gamma B6 on membranes

ABSTRACT:

SUBMITTER: Lawrence Shapiro

PROVIDER: EMPIAR-10236 | biostudies-other |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Visualization of clustered protocadherin neuronal self-recognition complexes.

Brasch Julia J Goodman Kerry M KM Noble Alex J AJ Rapp Micah M Mannepalli Seetha S Bahna Fabiana F Dandey Venkata P VP Bepler Tristan T Berger Bonnie B Maniatis Tom T Potter Clinton S CS Carragher Bridget B Honig Barry B Shapiro Lawrence L

Nature 20190410 7755

Neurite self-recognition and avoidance are fundamental properties of all nervous systems1. These processes facilitate dendritic arborization2,3, prevent formation of autapses4 and allow free interaction among non-self neurons1,2,4,5. Avoidance among self neurites is mediated by stochastic cell-surface expression of combinations of about 60 isoforms of α-, β- and γ-clustered protocadherin that provide mammalian neurons with single-cell identities1, ...[more]

PMID: 30971825

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Project description:Clustered protocadherins (Pcdhs) mediate numerous neural patterning functions, including neuronal self-recognition and non-self-discrimination to direct self-avoidance among vertebrate neurons. Individual neurons stochastically express a subset of Pcdh isoforms, which assemble to form a stochastic repertoire of cis-dimers. We describe the structure of a Pcdh?B7 cis-homodimer, which includes the membrane-proximal extracellular cadherin domains EC5 and EC6. The structure is asymmetric with one molecule contributing interface surface from both EC5 and EC6, and the other only from EC6. Structural and sequence analyses suggest that all Pcdh isoforms will dimerize through this interface. Site-directed mutants at this interface interfere with both Pcdh cis-dimerization and cell surface transport. The structure explains the known restrictions of cis-interactions of some Pcdh isoforms, including ?-Pcdhs, which cannot form homodimers. The asymmetry of the interface approximately doubles the size of the recognition repertoire, and restrictions on cis-interactions among Pcdh isoforms define the limits of the Pcdh recognition unit repertoire.

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Project description:Protocadherin gamma (pcdh-gamma) family expression was examined in the embryonic chick central nervous system by in situ hybridization. Transcripts were visualized in discrete regions of fore-, mid-, and hindbrain at stages 23 and 25 and in spinal cord and optic lobe at stages 27 and 43, respectively. Results suggest that pcdh-gamma may function cooperatively with other cell adhesion molecules in neuronal differentiation and establishment of neural networks in several areas of the developing brain, particularly regions involved in visual processing.

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