Effects of Pycnogenol on third-degree burns in a murine model
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
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PROVIDER: S-BSST1336 | biostudies-other |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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| S-BSST1341 | biostudies-other
Project description:This study explored the feasibility of using fish skin bandages as a therapeutic option for third-degree skin burns. Following the California wildfires, clinical observations of animals with third-degree skin burns demonstrated increased comfort levels and reduced pain when treated with tilapia fish skin. Despite the promises of this therapy, there are few studies explaining the healing mechanisms behind the application of tilapia fish skin. In this study, mice with third-degree burns were treated with either a hydrocolloid adhesive bandage (control) (n = 16) or fish skin (n = 16) 7 days post-burn. Mice were subjected to histologic, hematologic, molecular, and gross evaluation at days 7, 16, and 28 post-burn. The fish skin offered no benefit to overall wound closure compared to hydrocolloids. Additionally, we detected no difference between fish skin and control treatments in regard to hypermetabolism or hematologic values. However, the fish skin groups exhibited 2 times more vascularization and 2 times higher expression of antimicrobial defensin peptide in comparison to controls. Proteomic analysis of the fish skin revealed the presence of antimicrobial peptides. Collectively, these data suggest that fish skin can serve as an innovative and cost-effective therapeutic alternative for burn victims to facilitate vascularization and reduce bacterial infection.
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| S-EPMC7424297 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Wound healing is an incredibly complex biological process that often results in thickened collagen-enriched healed tissue called scar. Cutaneous scars lack many functional structures of the skin such as hair follicles, sweat glands, and papillae. The absence of these structures contributes to a number of the long-term morbidities of wound healing, including loss of function for tissues, increased risk of re-injury, and aesthetic complications. Scar formation is a pervasive factor in our daily lives; however, in the case of serious traumatic injury, scars can create long-lasting complications due to contraction and poor tissue remodeling. Within this report we target the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a key mediator of TGFβ pro-fibrotic response in cutaneous wound healing, with controlled local delivery of RNA interference. Through this work we describe both a thorough in vitro analysis of nanolayer coated sutures for the controlled delivery of siRNA and its application to improve scar outcomes in a third-degree burn induced scar model in rats. We demonstrate that the knockdown of CTGF significantly altered the local expression of αSMA, TIMP1, and Col1a1, which are known to play roles in scar formation. The knockdown of CTGF within the healing burn wounds resulted in improved tissue remodeling, reduced scar contraction, and the regeneration of papillary structures within the healing tissue. This work adds support to a number of previous reports that indicate CTGF as a potential therapeutic target for fibrosis. Additionally, we believe that the controlled local delivery of siRNA from ultrathin polymer coatings described within this work is a promising approach in RNA interference that could be applied in developing improved cancer therapies, regenerative medicine, and fundamental scientific research.
| S-EPMC5518795 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Animal experiments play an essential role in advances in the research and treatment of burns. Currently, researchers often rely on personal experience or the literature to complete the construction of animal disease models, which may lead to a lack of scientific rigor and a wide range of animal disease models with reference value. The purposes of this study were to establish a third-degree burn model of rats using the Delphi method to provide a reference. Two rounds of a Delphi expert consultation survey were conducted on experts (n = 13) in this study, and then the boundary value method was used to screen, modify and supplement the indicators. Next, the indicator weight was determined by dividing the boundary value, and finally, the index system of the rat model of third-degree burns was established. The statistical analysis results show that the positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation are 100% and 88.67% respectively. The expert authority coefficient values were 0.73 and 0.67, respectively, and the expert coordination coefficient test was P < 0.001. According to the experts' suggestion, the third-degree burn model of rats with 8 first-degree indexes, 14 second-degree indexes and 46 third-degree indexes was finally established. According to the characteristics and quality requirements of animal models, this study constructs a rat model of third degree burns, which is expected to expressively improve the overall proficiency of burn research quality.
| S-EPMC9440023 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Moon's tidal potential is slightly asymmetric, giving rise to so-called third-degree ocean tides, which are small and never before observed on a global scale. High-precision satellite altimeters have collected sea level records for almost three decades, providing a massive database from which tiny, time-coherent signals can be extracted. Here, four third-degree tides are mapped: one diurnal, two semidiurnal, and one terdiurnal. Aside from practical benefits, such as improved tide prediction for geodesy and oceanography, the new maps reveal unique ways the ocean responds to a precisely known, but hitherto unexplored, force. An unexpected example involves the two semidiurnals, where the smaller lunar force is seen to generate the larger ocean tide, especially in the South Pacific. An explanation leads to new information about an ocean normal mode that spatially correlates with the third-degree astronomical potential. The maps also highlight previously unknown shelf resonances in all three tidal bands.
| S-EPMC7688321 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The accumulation of DNA damage in burn wounds delays wound healing. DNA methylation by short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) small interfering (si)RNA prevents DNA damage and promotes cell proliferation. Therefore, SINE siRNA may be able to promote burn wound healing. Here, a SINE B1 siRNA was used to treat burn wounds in rats. Second-degree burn wounds were introduced on the backs of rats. The rats were then divided into three groups: a B1 siRNA-treated, saline-treated control, and saline + calcium phosphate-nanoparticle-treated control group (n=15/group). The wounds were imaged on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 post-injury. The tissue sections were processed for methylation, histological and immunohistochemical examination, and scored based on the overall expression of histone H2AX phosphorylated on serine 139 (γH2AX) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Burn wound closure improved in the B1 siRNA-treated group compared with that in the control group, especially from days 14-28 post-injury (P<0.001). The overall pathological score and degree of B1 methylation in the B1 siRNA-treated group improved significantly at days 14-28 post-injury, with the maximum improvement observed on day 14 (P<0.01) compared with the NSS and Ca-P nanoparticle groups. Immunohistochemical staining revealed lower expression of γH2AX and 8-OHdG in the B1 siRNA-treated group than in the control groups at days 14-28 post-injury; the maximum improvement was observed on days 14 and 21. These data imply that administering SINE siRNA is a promising therapeutic option for managing second-degree burns.
| S-EPMC8850962 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this work we use Mimosa tenuiflora (MtE) extracts as reducing agents to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgMt NPs) which were characterized by DPPH and Total Polyphenols Assays, UV-visible, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). AgMt NPs possess average sizes of 21 nm and fcc crystalline structure, it was also confirmed that the MtE is present in the AgMt NPs even after the cleaning protocol applied. Subsequently, carbopol hydrogels were made and the MtE and the synthesized AgMt NPs were dispersed in different gels (MtE-G and AgMt NPs-G, respectively) at 100 µg/g concentration. The gels were characterized by UV-Vis, IR, and rheology. Antimicrobial tests were performed using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Burn wound healing was evaluated in a second-degree burn injury on a Wistar rats model for 14 days and additional skin biopsies were examined with histopathological analysis. Gel with commercial silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was prepared and employed as a control on the biological assays. Hydrogel system containing silver nanoparticles synthesized with Mimosa tenuiflora (AgMt NPs-G) is a promising therapeutic strategy for burn wound healing, this due to bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects, which promotes a more effective recovery (in percentage terms) by damaged area.
| S-EPMC8163746 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose: In this work, the potential usefulness of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for treating burn wounds was examined. Methods: Second-degree burns were induced in male Wistar rats by touching the skin with a heated (70°C) metallic device for 10 s, after which the animals were randomly allocated to one of two groups: control (n=8, treated with sterile saline) and experimental (n=8, treated with AgNPs, 0.081 mg/mL; 50 µL applied to the burn surface). Seven, 14, 21 and 28 days after lesion induction two rats from each group were killed and blood samples were collected for a complete blood count and to assess oxidative stress. The livers were examined macroscopically and skin samples were collected for histological analysis. Results: Macroscopically, wound healing and skin remodeling in the experimental group were similar to the saline-treated rats. Likewise, there were no significant differences in the histological parameters between the two groups. However, treatment with AgNPs caused a persistent reduction in white blood cell (WBC) counts throughout the experiment, whereas platelet counts increased on days 7 and 28 but decreased on days 14 and 21; there was also an increase in the blood concentration of reduced glutathione on day 7 followed by a decrease on days 21 and 28. There were no significant changes in blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities or in the serum concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Conclusion: The findings of this study raise questions about the potential transitory effects of AgNPs based on the changes in WBC and platelet counts, blood glutathione concentrations and macroscopic hepatic alterations.
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Project description:This study was designed to explore whether mucosal fluid evaporation represents a method of heat dissipation from thermal air inhalation injury and to assess laryngopharyngeal tissue damage according to heat quantity changes of dry air and vapour. Fifteen adult male beagles were divided into five groups to inhale heated air or vapour for 10 min as follows: control group (ordinary air), group I (91-110 °C heated air), group II (148-175 °C heated air), group III (209-227 °C heated air), and group IV (96 °C saturated vapour). The heat quantity changes of the dry air and vapour were calculated via thermodynamic formulas. The macroscopic and histological features of the laryngopharynxes were examined and assessed by various tissue damage grading systems. Group IV exhibited the most serious laryngopharyngeal damage, including cilia exfoliation, submucosal thrombosis, glandular atrophy, and chondrocyte degeneration, which is indicative of fourth-degree injury. The quality, heat quantity, and proportional reduction of heat quantity of vapour in group IV were all higher than those in the other groups. Furthermore, we found that mucosal fluid evaporation is not the method of heat dissipation from thermal air inhalation injury used by the airways. Laryngopharyngeal tissue damage depends chiefly on the heat quantity of vapour in the air.
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