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Transcription profiling of MCF-7 cell lines stably overexpressing constitutively active Raf-1, constitutively active MEK, constitutively active c-erbB-2, or ligand-activatable EGFR as models of overexpressed growth factor signaling

ABSTRACT: Profiling of MCF-7 cell lines stably overexpressing constitutively active Raf-1, constitutively active MEK, constitutively active c-erbB-2, or ligand-activatable EGFR as models of overexpressed growth factor signaling, as well as control vector transfected cells (coMCF-7) and control vector transfected cells long-term adapted for estrogen-independent growth (coMCF-7/lt-E2). Experiment Overall Design: Cell lines were profiled in biological triplicates, 18 arrays in all.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Creighton CJ

PROVIDER: S-ECPF-GEOD-3542 | biostudies-other | 2006 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Transcription profiling of MCF-7 cell lines stably overexpressing constitutively active Raf-1, constitutively active MEK, constitutively active c-erbB-2, or ligand-activatable EGFR as models of overexpressed growth factor signaling

Project description:Profiling of MCF-7 cell lines stably overexpressing constitutively active Raf-1, constitutively active MEK, constitutively active c-erbB-2, or ligand-activatable EGFR as models of overexpressed growth factor signaling, as well as control vector transfected cells (coMCF-7) and control vector transfected cells long-term adapted for estrogen-independent growth (coMCF-7/lt-E2). Experiment Overall Design: Cell lines were profiled in biological triplicates, 18 arrays in all.

2007-10-02 | E-GEOD-3542 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Profiling of MCF-7 cell lines stably overexpressing (ca)Raf-1, (ca)MEK, (ca)erbB-2, or ligand-activatable EGFR.

2006-04-06 | GSE3542 | GEO

mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in MCF-7 breast cancer cells stably overexpressing pcDNA3.1-PinX1 and Empty Vector

Project description:To elucidate the molecular mechanism and signaling pathways that PinX1 is involved in, a Human LncRNA Array V2.0 (Arraystar, USA)-based genome wide screen of the alterations in lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles was performed in MCF-7 cells stably overexpressing PinX1. MCF-7 breast cancer cells were transfected with the pcDNA3.1-PinX1 and pcDNA3.1 empty vector and the microarray analysis were performed after the clonal selection of cells with a high expression level.

| S-ECPF-GEOD-46756 | biostudies-other

Enhanced beta cell proliferation in mice overexpressing a constitutively active form of Akt and one allele of p21Cip.

Project description:The ability of pancreatic beta cells to proliferate is critical both for normal tissue maintenance and in conditions where there is an increased demand for insulin. Protein kinase B(Akt) plays a major role in promoting proliferation in many cell types, including the insulin-producing beta cells. We have previously reported that mice overexpressing a constitutively active form of Akt(caAkt (Tg)) show enhanced beta cell proliferation that is associated with increased protein levels of cyclin D1, cyclin D2 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21(Cip)). In the present study, we sought to assess the mechanisms responsible for augmented p21(Cip) levels in caAkt(Tg) mice and test the role of p21(Cip) in the proliferative responses induced by activation of Akt signalling.To gain a greater understanding of the relationship between Akt and p21(Cip), we evaluated the mechanisms involved in the modulation of p2(Cip) by Akt and the in vivo role of reduced p21(Cip) in proliferative responses induced by Akt.Our experiments showed that Akt signalling regulates p21(Cip) transcription and protein stability. caAkt(Tg) /p21(Cip+/-) mice exhibited fasting and fed hypoglycaemia as well as hyperinsulinaemia when compared with caAkt(Tg) mice. Glucose tolerance tests revealed improved glucose tolerance in caAkt(Tg)/p21(Cip+/-) mice compared with caAkt (Tg). These changes resulted from increased proliferation, survival and beta cell mass in caAkt(Tg)/p21(Cip+/-) compared with caAkt(Tg) mice.Our data indicate that increased p21(Cip) levels in caAkt(Tg) mice act as a compensatory brake, protecting beta cells from unrestrained proliferation. These studies imply that p21(Cip) could play important roles in the adaptive responses of beta cells to proliferate in conditions such as in insulin resistance.

| S-EPMC3646796 | biostudies-literature

A cellular threshold for active ERK1/2 levels determines Raf/MEK/ERK-mediated growth arrest versus death responses.

Project description:In addition to its conventional role for cell proliferation and survival, the Raf/MEK/Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway can also induce growth arrest and death responses, if aberrantly activated. Here, we determined a molecular basis of ERK1/2 signaling that underlies these growth inhibitory physiological outputs. We found that overexpression of ERK1 or ERK2 switches ?Raf-1:ER-induced growth arrest responses to caspase-dependent apoptotic death responses in different cell types. These death responses, however, were reverted to growth arrest responses upon titration of cellular phospho-ERK1/2 levels by the MEK1/2 inhibitor AZD6244. These data suggest that a cellular threshold for active ERK1/2 levels exists and affects the cell fate between death and growth arrest. We also found that death-mediating ability of ERK2 is abolished by the catalytic site-disabling Lys52Arg replacement or significantly attenuated by the F-site recruitment site-disabling Tyr261Asn replacement, although unaffected by the mutations that disable the common docking groove or the dimerization interface. Therefore, ERK1/2 mediates death signaling dependently of kinase activity and specific physical interactions. Intriguingly, Tyr261Asn-replaced ERK2 could still mediate growth arrest signaling, further contrasting the molecular basis of ERK1/2-mediated growth arrest and death signaling. These data reveal a mechanism underlying the role of ERK1/2 as a focal point of Raf/MEK/ERK-mediated growth arrest and death signaling.

| S-EPMC5732048 | biostudies-literature

Mixed lineage kinases activate MEK independently of RAF to mediate resistance to RAF inhibitors.

Project description:RAF inhibitor therapy yields significant reductions in tumour burden in the majority of V600E-positive melanoma patients; however, resistance occurs within 2-18 months. Here we demonstrate that the mixed lineage kinases (MLK1-4) are MEK kinases that reactivate the MEK/ERK pathway in the presence of RAF inhibitors. Expression of MLK1-4 mediates resistance to RAF inhibitors and promotes survival in V600E-positive melanoma cell lines. Furthermore, we observe upregulation of the MLKs in 9 of 21 melanoma patients with acquired drug resistance. Consistent with this observation, MLKs promote resistance to RAF inhibitors in mouse models and contribute to acquired resistance in a cell line model. Lastly, we observe that a majority of MLK1 mutations identified in patients are gain-of-function mutations. In summary, our data demonstrate a role for MLKs as direct activators of the MEK/ERK pathway with implications for melanomagenesis and resistance to RAF inhibitors.

| S-EPMC4046110 | biostudies-literature

Combined Pan-RAF and MEK Inhibition Overcomes Multiple Resistance Mechanisms to Selective RAF Inhibitors.

Project description:RAF and MEK inhibitors are effective in BRAF-mutant melanoma but not in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer. To gain additional insights into this difference, we performed a genome-scale pooled shRNA enhancer screen in a BRAF-mutant, RAF inhibitor-resistant colorectal cancer cell line exposed to the selective RAF inhibitor PLX4720. We identified multiple genes along the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling axis that, when suppressed, either genetically or pharmacologically, sensitized cells to the selective RAF inhibitor through sustained inhibition of MAPK signaling. Strikingly, CRAF was a key mediator of resistance that could be overcome by the use of pan-RAF inhibitors in combination with a MEK inhibitor. Furthermore, the combination of pan-RAF and MEK inhibitors displayed strong synergy in melanoma and colorectal cancer cell lines with RAS-activating events such as RTK activation, KRAS mutation, or NF1 loss-of-function mutations. Combinations of selective RAF inhibitors, such as PLX4720 or dabrafenib, with MEK inhibitors did not incur such profound synergy, suggesting that inhibition of CRAF by pan-RAF inhibitors plays a key role in determining cellular response. Importantly, in contrast to the modest activity seen with single-agent treatment, dual pan-RAF and MEK inhibition results in the induction of apoptosis, greatly enhancing efficacy. Notably, combined pan-RAF and MEK inhibition can overcome intrinsic and acquired resistance to single-agent RAF/MEK inhibition, supporting dual pan-RAF and MEK inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for BRAF- and KRAS-mutant cancers.

| S-EPMC4674359 | biostudies-literature

Raf/MEK signatures in zebrafish liver cells

Project description:An inducible oncogenic cell line ZFL-ΔRaf1-ER was established, in which oncogenic human Raf-1(ΔRaf1) can be activated in zebrafish liver cells by administration of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4HT). Transcriptional profilling of the ZFL-ΔRaf1-ER cells with and without administration of 4HT and/or the MEK inhibitor U0126 defined the gene signatures transcriptionally regulated by hyperactive Raf/MEK/MAPK signaling in zebrafish liver cells.

2011-07-07 | GSE29308 | GEO

Raf/MEK signatures in zebrafish liver cells

Project description:An inducible oncogenic cell line ZFL-?Raf1-ER was established, in which oncogenic human Raf-1(?Raf1) can be activated in zebrafish liver cells by administration of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4HT). Transcriptional profilling of the ZFL-?Raf1-ER cells with and without administration of 4HT and/or the MEK inhibitor U0126 defined the gene signatures transcriptionally regulated by hyperactive Raf/MEK/MAPK signaling in zebrafish liver cells. The ZFL-?Raf1-ER cells were cultured in 12-well plates till confluence. Cell were starved for 4h in plain medium and susequently treated with or without 1µM 4HT and/or 30µM U0126 for 12h. Biological triplications were taken for each condition.

2011-07-07 | E-GEOD-29308 | biostudies-arrayexpress

PDCD6 cooperates with C-Raf to facilitate colorectal cancer progression via Raf/MEK/ERK activation.

Project description:BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, and it's expected that the CRC burden will substantially increase in the next two decades. New biomarkers for targeted treatment and associated molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis remain to be explored. In this study, we investigated whether PDCD6 plays an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer and its underlying mechanism.MethodsProgrammed cell death protein 6 (PDCD6) expression in CRC samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The prognosis between PDCD6 and clinical features were analyzed. The roles of PDCD6 in cellular proliferation and tumor growth were measured by using CCK8, colony formation, and tumor xenograft in nude mice. RNA-sequence (RNA-seq), Mass Spectrum (MS), Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and Western blot were utilized to investigate the mechanism of tumor progression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to determine the correlation of PDCD6 and MAPK pathway.ResultsHigher expression levels of PDCD6 in tumor tissues were associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with CRC. Furthermore, PDCD6 increased cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, RNA-seq showed that PDCD6 could affect the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. PDCD6 interacted with c-Raf, resulting in the activation of downstream c-Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and the upregulation of core cell proliferation genes such as MYC and JUN.ConclusionsThese findings reveal the oncogenic effect of PDCD6 in CRC by activating c-Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and indicate that PDCD6 might be a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for patients with colorectal cancer.

| S-EPMC7398064 | biostudies-literature

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