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Suppressio?n of MicroRNA-9 by Mutant EGFR Signaling Induces FOXP1 to Enhance Glioblasto?ma Tumorigeni?city

ABSTRACT: The EGF-receptor (EGFR) is amplified and mutated in glioblastoma (GBM) where its common mutation, (∆EGFR, also called EGFRvIII) has a variety of activities that promote growth and inhibit death, thereby conferring a strong tumor-enhancing effect. This range of activities suggested to us that ∆EGFR might exert its influence through pleiotropic effectors and we hypothesized that microRNAs (miRs) might serve such a function. To test this, we determined the miR profiles of GBM cells with activated wild type EGFR (wtEGFR) and mutant EGFR (∆EGFR) to cells with non-activated EGFR or kinase dead ∆EGFR. To identify miRs regulated by EGFR, RNA from 2 different glioma cell lines (U87 and U373) were hybridized to miR expression arrays and analyzed. Each cell type was engineered to express wild type EGFR (wtEGFR), dead kinase ∆EGFR (DK) or ∆EGFR at elevated levels similar to those observed in primary glioblastomas displaying EGFR overexpression. Parental cells expressing endogenous EGFR and wtEGFR cells stimulated with EGF for 1hr were also included in the analyses.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Furnari Frank

PROVIDER: S-ECPF-GEOD-53504 | biostudies-other |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Suppression of MicroRNA-9 by Mutant EGFR Signaling Induces FOXP1 to Enhance Glioblastoma Tumorigenicity

Project description:The EGF-receptor (EGFR) is amplified and mutated in glioblastoma (GBM) where its common mutation, (∆EGFR, also called EGFRvIII) has a variety of activities that promote growth and inhibit death, thereby conferring a strong tumor-enhancing effect. This range of activities suggested to us that ∆EGFR might exert its influence through pleiotropic effectors and we hypothesized that microRNAs (miRs) might serve such a function. To test this, we determined the miR profiles of GBM cells with activated wild type EGFR (wtEGFR) and mutant EGFR (∆EGFR) to cells with non-activated EGFR or kinase dead ∆EGFR. To identify miRs regulated by EGFR, RNA from 2 different glioma cell lines (U87 and U373) were hybridized to miR expression arrays and analyzed. Each cell type was engineered to express wild type EGFR (wtEGFR), dead kinase ∆EGFR (DK) or ∆EGFR at elevated levels similar to those observed in primary glioblastomas displaying EGFR overexpression. Parental cells expressing endogenous EGFR and wtEGFR cells stimulated with EGF for 1hr were also included in the analyses.

2013-12-20 | E-GEOD-53504 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Suppression of MicroRNA-9 by Mutant EGFR Signaling Induces FOXP1 to Enhance Glioblastoma Tumorigenicity

2013-12-20 | GSE53504 | GEO

Suppression of microRNA-9 by mutant EGFR signaling upregulates FOXP1 to enhance glioblastoma tumorigenicity.

Project description:The EGF receptor (EGFR) is amplified and mutated in glioblastoma, in which its common mutation (?EGFR, also called EGFRvIII) has a variety of activities that promote growth and inhibit death, thereby conferring a strong tumor-enhancing effect. This range of activities suggested to us that ?EGFR might exert its influence through pleiotropic effectors, and we hypothesized that microRNAs might serve such a function. Here, we report that ?EGFR specifically suppresses one such microRNA, namely miR-9, through the Ras/PI3K/AKT axis that it is known to activate. Correspondingly, expression of miR-9 antagonizes the tumor growth advantage conferred by ?EGFR. Silencing of FOXP1, a miR-9 target, inhibits ?EGFR-dependent tumor growth and, conversely, de-repression of FOXP1, as a consequence of miR-9 inhibition, increases tumorigenicity. FOXP1 was sufficient to increase tumor growth in the absence of oncogenic ?EGFR signaling. The significance of these findings is underscored by our finding that high FOXP1 expression predicts poor survival in a cohort of 131 patients with glioblastoma. Collectively, these data suggest a novel regulatory mechanism by which ?EGFR suppression of miR-9 upregulates FOXP1 to increase tumorigenicity.

| S-EPMC3947420 | biostudies-literature

Phosphoproteomics Reveals MAPK Inhibitors Enhance MET- and EGFR-Driven AKT Signaling in KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancer.

Project description:Pathway inhibition of the RAS-driven MAPK pathway using small-molecule kinase inhibitors has been a key focus for treating cancers driven by oncogenic RAS, yet significant clinical responses are lacking. Feedback reactivation of ERK driven by drug-induced RAF activity has been suggested as one of the major drug resistance mechanisms, especially in the context of oncogenic RAS. To determine whether additional adaptive resistance mechanisms may coexist, we characterized global phosphoproteomic changes after MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244) treatment in KRAS-mutant A427 and A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines employing mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics. We identified 9,075 quantifiable unique phosphosites (corresponding to 3,346 unique phosphoproteins), of which 567 phosphosites were more abundant and 512 phosphosites were less abundant after MEK inhibition. Selumetinib increased phosphorylation of KSR-1, a scaffolding protein required for assembly of MAPK signaling complex, as well as altered phosphorylation of GEF-H1, a novel regulator of KSR-1 and implicated in RAS-driven MAPK activation. Moreover, selumetinib reduced inhibitory serine phosphorylation of MET at Ser985 and potentiated HGF- and EGF-induced AKT phosphorylation. These results were recapitulated by pan-RAF (LY3009120), MEK (GDC0623), and ERK (SCH772984) inhibitors, which are currently under early-phase clinical development against RAS-mutant cancers. Our results highlight the unique adaptive changes in MAPK scaffolding proteins (KSR-1, GEF-H1) and in RTK signaling, leading to enhanced PI3K-AKT signaling when the MAPK pathway is inhibited.ImplicationsThis study highlights the unique adaptive changes in MAPK scaffolding proteins (KSR-1, GEF-H1) and in RTK signaling, leading to enhanced PI3K/AKT signaling when the MAPK pathway is inhibited. Mol Cancer Res; 14(10); 1019-29. ©2016 AACR.

| S-EPMC5065770 | biostudies-literature

Lysine Deprivation Induces AKT-AADAT Signaling and Overcomes EGFR-TKIs Resistance in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

Project description:Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most common driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in the Asian population. Although EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are influential in the treatment of EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients, acquired resistance inevitably occurs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop strategies to overcome this resistance. In addition, cancer cells with particular mutations appear more vulnerable to deficiency related to the availability of specific amino acids. However, it is still unknown which amino acid is affected in the case of EGFR-mutant NSCLC. In the present study, we established a screening platform based on amino acid deprivation and found that EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells are sensitive to short-term lysine deprivation. Moreover, we found that expression of the gene for the lysine catabolism enzyme α-aminoadipate aminotransferase (AADAT) increased under lysine deprivation, revealing that AADAT can be regulated by EGFR-AKT signaling. Finally, we found that lysine reduction can not only enhance the cytostatic effect of single-agent osimertinib but also overcome the resistance of EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells. In summary, our findings suggest that the introduction of lysine stress might act as an advancement in EGFR-mutant NSCLC therapy and offer a strategy to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance.

| S-EPMC7828377 | biostudies-literature

PD-L1 induces autophagy and primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma via the MAPK signaling pathway.

Project description:Resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is a significant cause of treatment failure and cancer recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approximately 30% of patients with EGFR-activating mutations exhibit primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs. However, the potential mechanisms of primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs remain poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that increased expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is associated with EGFR-TKIs resistance. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of PD-L1 in primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. We found that PD-L1 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with EGFR-mutant LUAD, while the combination of EGFR-TKIs with chemotherapy could improve its therapeutic efficacy. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that PD-L1 promoted the proliferation and autophagy and inhibited the apoptosis of LUAD cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that upregulation of PD-L1 was critical in inducing autophagy through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, which was beneficial for tumor progression and the development of gefitinib resistance. Furthermore, we found that gefitinib combined with pemetrexed could synergistically enhance antitumor efficacy in PD-L1-overexpression LUAD cells. Overall, our study demonstrated that PD-L1 contributed to primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutant LUAD cells, which may be mediated by inducing autophagy via the MAPK signaling pathway. These findings not only help improve the prognosis of patients with EGFR-mutant LUAD but also provide a reference for the research of other cancer types.

| S-EPMC11294607 | biostudies-literature

Deregulation of the Egfr/Ras signaling pathway induces age-related brain degeneration in the Drosophila mutant vap.

Project description:Ras signaling has been shown to play an important role in promoting cell survival in many different tissues. Here we show that upregulation of Ras activity in adult Drosophila neurons induces neuronal cell death, as evident from the phenotype of vacuolar peduncle (vap) mutants defective in the Drosophila RasGAP gene, which encodes a Ras GTPase-activating protein. These mutants show age-related brain degeneration that is dependent on activation of the EGF receptor signaling pathway in adult neurons, leading to autophagic cell death (cell death type 2). These results provide the first evidence for a requirement of Egf receptor activity in differentiated adult Drosophila neurons and show that a delicate balance of Ras activity is essential for the survival of adult neurons.

| S-EPMC140241 | biostudies-literature

Targeted Inhibition of EGFR and Glutaminase Induces Metabolic Crisis in EGFR Mutant Lung Cancer.

Project description:Cancer cells exhibit increased use of nutrients, including glucose and glutamine, to support the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of proliferation. We tested the small-molecule inhibitor of glutaminase CB-839 in combination with erlotinib on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a therapeutic strategy to simultaneously impair cancer glucose and glutamine utilization and thereby suppress tumor growth. Here, we show that CB-839 cooperates with erlotinib to drive energetic stress and activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in EGFR (del19) lung tumors. Tumor cells undergo metabolic crisis and cell death, resulting in rapid tumor regression in vivo in mouse NSCLC xenografts. Consistently, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and 11C-glutamine (11C-Gln) of xenografts indicated reduced glucose and glutamine uptake in tumors following treatment with CB-839 + erlotinib. Therefore, PET imaging with 18F-FDG and 11C-Gln tracers can be used to non-invasively measure metabolic response to CB-839 and erlotinib combination therapy.

| S-EPMC5260616 | biostudies-literature

Bisphosphonates enhance antitumor effect of EGFR-TKIs in patients with advanced EGFR mutant NSCLC and bone metastases.

Project description:Whether bisphosphonates could enhance the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation and bone metastases (BM) remains unknown. EGFR mutation status were collected from 1560 patients with NSCLC and BM. 356 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation and BM were identified. Among them, 91 patients received EGFR-TKIs alone and 105 patients received EGFR-TKIs plus bisphosphonates as first-line therapy. Comparing to TKIs alone, EGFR-TKIs plus bisphosphonates had a statistically significant longer progression-free survival (PFS: 11.6 vs. 9.3 months; HR = 0.68, P = 0.009), while a similar overall survival (OS: 20.5 vs. 19.5 months; HR = 0.95, P = 0.743) in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC and BM. The incidence of skeletal-related events in combined group was numerically lower than that in EGFR-TKIs alone group (29.7% vs. 39.4%, P = 0.147). In multivariate analysis, EGFR mutation was found to be a significant independent prognostic factor for OS in NSCLC patients with BM (HR = 0.710, P = 0.021). In conclusion, EGFR mutation was the significant independent prognostic factor for OS and the addition of bisphosphonates to EGFR-TKIs could enhance the antitumor effect of EGFR-TKIs in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC and BM.

| S-EPMC5314405 | biostudies-literature

Notch3-dependent β-catenin signaling mediates EGFR TKI drug persistence in EGFR mutant NSCLC.

Project description:EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors cause dramatic responses in EGFR-mutant lung cancer, but resistance universally develops. The involvement of β-catenin in EGFR TKI resistance has been previously reported, however, the precise mechanism by which β-catenin activation contributes to EGFR TKI resistance is not clear. Here, we show that EGFR inhibition results in the activation of β-catenin signaling in a Notch3-dependent manner, which facilitates the survival of a subset of cells that we call "adaptive persisters". We previously reported that EGFR-TKI treatment rapidly activates Notch3, and here we describe the physical association of Notch3 with β-catenin, leading to increased stability and activation of β-catenin. We demonstrate that the combination of EGFR-TKI and a β-catenin inhibitor inhibits the development of these adaptive persisters, decreases tumor burden, improves recurrence free survival, and overall survival in xenograft models. These results supports combined EGFR-TKI and β-catenin inhibition in patients with EGFR mutant lung cancer.

| S-EPMC6090531 | biostudies-literature

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