Helveticoside was a biologically active component of seeds extract of Descurainia Sophia
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Kim Bu-Yeo
PROVIDER: S-ECPF-GEOD-65413 | biostudies-other |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description:This study was designed to identify active component of ethanol extract of the seeds of D. sophia.
2015-01-30 | GSE65413 | GEO
Project description:This study was designed to identify active component of ethanol extract of the seeds of D. sophia. The dose-dependent expression of genes by treatment of EEDS was measured on A549 cells. Total RNA was isolated and was subject to single channnel microarray.
2015-01-30 | E-GEOD-65413 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Experimental evidence in animal models suggests that misfolded Amyloid-? (A?) spreads in disease following a prion-like mechanism. Several properties characteristics of infectious prions have been shown for the induction of A? aggregates. However, a detailed titration of A? misfolding transmissibility and estimation of the minimum concentration of biologically active A? seeds able to accelerate pathological changes has not yet been performed. In this study, brain extracts from old tg2576 animals were serially diluted and intra-cerebrally injected into young subjects from the same transgenic line. Animals were sacrificed several months after treatment and brain slices were analyzed for amyloid pathology. We observed that administration of misfolded A? was able to significantly accelerate amyloid deposition in young mice, even when the original sample was diluted a million times. The titration curve obtained in this experiment was compared to the natural A? load spontaneously accumulated by these mice overtime. Our findings suggest that administration of the largest dose of A? seeds led to an acceleration of pathology equivalent to over a year. These results show that active A? seeds present in the brain can seed amyloidosis in a titratable manner, similarly as observed for infectious prions.
| S-EPMC4399520 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Understanding the production, response, and genetics of signals used in mate choice can inform our understanding of the evolution of both intraspecific mate choice and reproductive isolation. Sex pheromones are important for courtship and mate choice in many insects, but we know relatively little of their role in butterflies. The butterfly Heliconius melpomene uses a complex blend of wing androconial compounds during courtship. Electroantennography in H. melpomene and its close relative Heliconius cydno showed that responses to androconial extracts were not species specific. Females of both species responded equally strongly to extracts of both species, suggesting conservation of peripheral nervous system elements across the two species. Individual blend components provoked little to no response, with the exception of octadecanal, a major component of the H. melpomene blend. Supplementing octadecanal on the wings of octadecanal-rich H. melpomene males led to an increase in the time until mating, demonstrating the bioactivity of octadecanal in Heliconius. Using quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, we identified a single locus on chromosome 20 responsible for 41% of the parental species' difference in octadecanal production. This QTL does not overlap with any of the major wing color or mate choice loci, nor does it overlap with known regions of elevated or reduced FST . A set of 16 candidate fatty acid biosynthesis genes lies underneath the QTL. Pheromones in Heliconius carry information relevant for mate choice and are under simple genetic control, suggesting they could be important during speciation.
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Project description:BackgroundAlthough the pharmacological activities of the seed extract of Descurainia sophia have been proven to be useful against cough, asthma, and edema, the biologically active components, particularly at the molecular level, remain elusive. Therefore, we aimed to identify the active component of an ethanol extract of D. sophia seeds (EEDS) by applying a systematic genomic approach.ResultsAfter treatment with EEDS, the dose-dependently expressed genes in A549 cells were used to query the Connectivity map to determine which small molecules could closely mimic EEDS in terms of whole gene expression. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were also performed to identify the functional involvement of the drug responsive genes. In addition, interaction network and enrichment map assays were implemented to measure the functional network structure of the drug-responsive genes. A Connectivity map analysis of differentially expressed genes resulted in the discovery of helveticoside as a candidate drug that induces a similar gene expression pattern to EEDS. We identified the presence of helveticoside in EEDS and determined that helveticoside was responsible for the dose-dependent gene expression induced by EEDS. Gene ontology and pathway analyses revealed that the metabolism and signaling processes in A549 cells were reciprocally regulated by helveticoside and inter-connected as functional modules. Additionally, in an ontological network analysis, diverse cancer type-related genes were found to be associated with the biological functions regulated by helveticoside.ConclusionsUsing bioinformatic analyses, we confirmed that helveticoside is a biologically active component of EEDS that induces reciprocal regulation of metabolism and signaling processes. Our approach may provide novel insights to the herbal research field for identifying biologically active components from extracts.
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