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Molecular species composition of the major phospholipids in brain and retina from rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Occurrence of high levels of di-(n-3)polyunsaturated fatty acid species.

ABSTRACT: The molecular-species compositions of the diacyl classes of the major phospholipids from the brain and retina of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were determined. A total of 46 possible species was identified. Didocosahexaenoyl species were major components of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) from retina, comprising 14.1, 41.3 and 28.3% of the respective totals. This species was also abundant in PE and PS from brain, accounting for 14.9 and 19.9% of the totals respectively. Small amounts of di-polyunsaturated fatty acid species [C22:6(n-3) with C20:5(n-3), and C22:6(n-3) with C22:5(n-3)] were also found in these phospholipids. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) from both tissues contained no di-polyunsaturated fatty acid species. Retinal PI contained 40.1% C18:0-C20:4(n-6) with 14.9% of C18:0-C20:5(n-3); brain PI contained 42.3% of C18:0-C20:5 and 10.4% of C18:0-C20:4 species. Brain PC contained a substantial amount of nervonic acid-containing species with the pair C18:1-C24:1/C24:1-C18:1 comprising 8.9% of the total.

SUBMITTER: Bell MV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1133671 | biostudies-other | 1989 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:BackgroundAquaculture is a globally important and rapidly growing industry. It contributes positively to the economy and sustainability of coastal communities, but it is not without regulatory challenges. These challenges are diverse, and may include identification of fish discarded in an illegal manner, biological discharge from fish ensilage tanks, and partially destroyed or processed tissues. Robust genetic tools are required by management authorities to address these challenges. In this paper, we describe nine species-specific primer sets amplifying very short DNA fragments within the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene, which were designed to permit diagnostic identification of degraded DNA from two of the most commonly farmed salmonids in Europe and North America.ResultsOf the nine designed primer sets, six were found to be species-specific (four Atlantic salmon, two rainbow trout), whereas the remaining three sets (two Atlantic salmon, one rainbow trout) also amplified a product from other, closely related, salmonid DNA templates. Screening of DNA templates from 11 other non-salmonid native fish species did not produce PCR products with any of the primer sets. Specific tests confirmed the ability of these markers to identify Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout tissues in treated food products, chemically treated ensilage waste and fillets left to degrade in saltwater for up to 31 days at 15°C. Importantly, these markers provided diagnostic identification in cases where other genetic methods failed because of degraded DNA quality.ConclusionsResults from this study demonstrate that amplification of very short DNA fragments using species-specific primers represents a robust and versatile method to create cheap and efficient genetic tests that can be implemented in a range of forensic applications. These markers will provide fishery, aquaculture and food regulatory authorities with a method to investigate and enforce regulations within these industries.

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Molecular species composition of the major phospholipids in brain and retina from rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Occurrence of high levels of di-(n-3)polyunsaturated fatty acid species.

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