Acetaldehyde formation by mitochondria from the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Barrett J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1144070 | biostudies-other | 1984 Jul
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:The fate of the known sterol precursor squalene 2,3-oxide was investigated in the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus. The nematodes were cultured axenically in the presence of [4-(3)H]squalene 2,3-oxide. Radioactivity was found in the total lipids of the isolated nematodes. Essentially all of the radioactivity encountered in the total lipids was found in the non-saponifiable fraction. The components present in the non-saponifiable fraction were separated and isolated by t.l.c. Three labelled components were identified by a combination of t.l.c., g.l.c. and mass spectroscopy. It is established that P. redivivus has the capacity for biosynthesis of lanosterol. No labelled C(27) sterols could be detected.
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Project description:The diversity of free-living nematodes in the beaches of two Antarctic islands, King George and Deception islands was investigated. We used morphological and molecular (LSU, and two fragments of SSU sequences) approaches to evaluate 236 nematodes. Specimens were assigned to at least genera using morphology and were assessed for the presence of cryptic speciation. The following genera were identified: Halomonhystera, Litoditis, Enoploides, Chromadorita, Theristus, Oncholaimus, Viscosia, Gammanema, Bathylaimus, Choanolaimus, and Paracanthonchus; along with specimens from the families Anticomidae and Linhomoeidae. Cryptic speciation was identified within the genera Halomonhystera and Litoditis. All of the cryptic species identified live sympatrically. The two cryptic species of Halomonhystera exhibited no significant morphological differences. However, Litoditis species 2 was significantly larger than Litoditis species 1. The utility of molecular data in confirming the identifications of some of the morphologically more challenging families of nematodes was demonstrated. In terms of which molecular sequences to use for the identification of free-living nematodes, the SSU sequences were more variable than the LSU sequences, and thus provided more resolution in the identification of cryptic speciation. Finally, despite the considerable amount of time and effort required to put together genetic and morphological data, the resulting advance in our understanding of diversity and ecology of free-living marine nematodes, makes that effort worthwhile.
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Project description:Sometimes free-living nematodes in conventional water treatment processes are not eliminated and cause adverse health effects in water consumer. So, the efficiency of UV lamps (125?W) with irradiation intensity 1020??W?cm-2 on inactivation of free-living nematode Rhabditida released in water samples has been investigated along with the investigation of the effects of turbidity and change of temperature and exposure time in constant of pH 8?±?0.2. The results showed that UV radiation could disabled the larval and adult nematodes after 12 and 15?min in the presence of turbidity 5 NTU, respectively. Also, increased turbidity up to 50 NTU decreased the inactivation efficiency of larval and adult nematodes from 100% to 73% and 64%, respectively. In addition, with increased temperature, the inactivation efficiency increased significantly in a short time. The results showed a significant relationship between increasing exposure time and temperature and turbidity reduction with UV radiation efficiency in the inactivation of the nematode (P < 0.00). It was also found that the efficiency of the lamp on nematode larvae was more than the adult nematode. Therefore, UV radiation can well inactivate larvae and then adult free-living nematode Rhabditida in water.
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