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Action of hypochlorous acid on the antioxidant protective enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase.

ABSTRACT: The neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase generates hypochlorous acid (HOCl) at sites of inflammation. Glutathione peroxidase is very quickly inactivated by low concentration of HOCl. Inactivation of catalase is also rapid, but requires higher HOCl concentrations and the haem appears to be degraded. Inactivation of bovine CuZn superoxide dismutase is slower. Hence superoxide dismutase should not be easily inactivated by HOCl at sites of inflammation, which may contribute to its effectiveness as an anti-inflammatory agent and in minimizing reperfusion injury.

SUBMITTER: Aruoma OI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1148647 | biostudies-other | 1987 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:PurposeThe antioxidant enzymes pathway is considered the most important pathway involved in the repair of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage. Therefore, we investigate the possible association between polymorphisms of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) genes and age -related cataract development.MethodsThe study included 415 cataract patients (121 patients with cortical, 109 with nuclear, 59 with posterior subcapsular, and 126 with mixed type) and 386 healthy control group of similar age. Genotyping of SOD1-251A/G, CAT-21A/T, and GPX1-198C/T was done by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Differences in the frequencies were estimated using the χ(2) test and risk was estimated with an unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for age and gender.ResultsSOD1 G/G genotype frequency was significantly higher in cataract patients (p=0.012, OR=1.642, 95% CI=1.129-2.389). SOD1 A/A genotypes (p=0.001, OR=0.613, 95% CI=0.461-0.817) seem to have a protective role against cataract, and the G allele (p=0.001, OR=1.479, 95% CI=1.208-1.810) plays a dangeous effect against in the development of cataract. In CAT-21A/T and GPX1-198C/T polymorphisms, there were no significant differences in the variant homozygous frequencies in patients compared to controls (p=0.226, OR=1.358, 95% CI=0.839-2.199; p=0.521, OR=1.205, 95% CI=0.726-2.001, respectively). Stratification by the subtypes revealed that association between SOD polymorphism and cataract was in cortical and mixed type cataract. The genotype frequency of the GG and AA of SOD1-251A/G was significantly different in cortical and mixed type cataract group (p=0.031; OR: 1.805, 95% CI: 1.076-3.026; p=0.002; OR: 2.229, 95% CI: 1.364-3.645; p=0.026; OR: 0.608, 95% CI: 0.396-0.933; p=0.001; OR: 0.474, 95% CI: 0.305-0.734, respectively) compared to healthy controls.ConclusionsResults suggest that the G/G genotype of the SOD1-251A/G polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of cataract. However, in CAT-21A/T and GPX1-198C/T polymorphisms, there were no significant differences in the variant homozygous frequencies in patients compared to controls.

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Action of hypochlorous acid on the antioxidant protective enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase.

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