Isolation of salt-soluble elastin from ligamentum nuchae of copper-deficient calf.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Whiting AH
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1168112 | biostudies-other | 1974 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:The isolation of a salt-soluble homogeneous elastin from the aortas of lathyritic chicks by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and salt precipitation is described. These new techniques, as well as some previously published by other workers, were evaluated with the help of antiserum raised in sheep against insoluble chick elastin. The purified elastin was very basic and behaved in a predictable manner in coacervation studies. The protein migrated in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels as a single band moving slightly faster than pyruvate kinase (mol.wt. 57000).
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Project description:1. Insoluble elastin has been prepared by several different methods from adult bovine and calf ligamentum nuchae. Highly purified tropoelastin has been prepared from copper-deficient porcine aorta. 2. Amino acid analyses indicated that all preparations, except that obtained from calf ligamentum nuchae by using an EDTA extraction followed by collagenase digestion (preparation E6), were typical of pure elastin having high concentrations of hydrophobic and low concentrations of hydrophilic amino acids. Preparation E6 was found to contain approx. 40% collagen. 3. The determination and composition of the carbohydrates associated with these preparations is reported. With the exception of preparation E6, the insoluble elastins contained only trace amounts of neutral sugars (0.13-0.35%, w/w) and amino sugars (0.01-0.06%, w/w). The porcine tropoelastin contained virtually no carbohydrate. 4. The results suggest that carbohydrate analyses can yield valuable information about the purity of elastin preparations.
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Project description:Elastin is one of the most important and abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that provide elasticity and resilience to tissues and organs, including vascular walls, ligaments, skin, and lung. Besides hereditary diseases, such as Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS), which results in reduced elastin synthesis, injuries, aging, or acquired diseases can lead to the degradation of existing elastin fibers. Thus, the de novo synthesis of elastin is required in several medical conditions to restore the elasticity of affected tissues. Here, we applied synthetic modified mRNA encoding tropoelastin (TE) for the de novo synthesis of elastin and determined the mRNA-mediated elastin synthesis in cells, as well as ex vivo in porcine skin. EA.hy926 cells, human fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from a patient with WBS were transfected with 2.5 μg TE mRNA. After 24 hr, the production of elastin was analyzed by Fastin assay and dot blot analyses. Compared with untreated cells, significantly enhanced elastin amounts were detected in TE mRNA transfected cells. The delivered synthetic TE mRNA was even able to significantly increase the elastin production in elastin-deficient MSCs. In porcine skin, approximately 20% higher elastin amount was detected after the intradermal delivery of synthetic mRNA by microinjection. In this study, we demonstrated the successful applicability of synthetic TE encoding mRNA to produce elastin in elastin-deficient cells as well as in skin. Thus, this auspicious mRNA-based integration-free method has a huge potential in the field of regenerative medicine to induce de novo elastin synthesis, e.g., in skin, blood vessels, or alveoli.
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Project description:1. Soluble calf-skin collagen has been denatured thermally between 37 degrees and 60 degrees and the component proteins have been separated on carboxymethylcellulose. 2. Four main fractions have been separated; alpha and beta (in the nomenclature in common usage) and two other fractions. (The alpha and beta components are complex owing to the presence of alpha(1), alpha(2), beta(1) and beta(2) parts). 3. Fractions 3 and 4 undergo rapid denaturation between 39 degrees and 40 degrees whereafter fraction 4 remains virtually unchanged even at 60 degrees . 4. That portion of fraction 4 which remains at 60 degrees is thought to be identical with the fraction designated gamma by other workers, this fraction being composed of three alpha-chains in covalent linkage (such bonds are alkali-labile). 5. The equilibrium between alpha, beta and fractions 3 and 4 is apparently reversible since acid-soluble collagen after denaturation at 45 degrees or 60 degrees followed by cooling to 0 degrees for 30min. was found to contain only fraction 4 when chromatographed at 37 degrees .
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Project description:Muscle-based by-products are often undervalued although commonly reported having a high amount of natural bioactive peptides. In this study, elastin was isolated from the protein of broiler hen skin while its hydrolysate was prepared using Elastase. Assessment of antioxidative properties of elastin-based hydrolysate (EBH) was based on three different assays; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical and metal chelating ability. The EBH was purified further using ultrafiltration, gel filtration and Reverse- Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). The IC50 of ABTS radical activities for EBH were decreased as EBH further purified using ultrafiltration (EBH III; 0.66 mg/mL)>gel filtration (EB-II; 0.42 mg/mL)>RP-HPLC (EB-II4; 0.12 mg/mL). The sequential identification of the peptide was done by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/ TOF-MS) of the potent fractions obtained from RP-HPLC (EB-II4). The presence of hydrophobic amino acids (Val and Pro) in the peptide sequences could potentially contribute to the high antioxidant activity of EBH. The sequences GAHTGPRKPFKPR, GMPGFDVR and ADASVLPK were identified as antioxidant peptides. In conclusion, the antioxidative potential from poultry skin specifically from elastin is evident and can be explored to be used in many applications such as health and pharmaceutical purposes.
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Project description:identifying genes under PetRP regulatory system in Synechocystis
2020-07-30 | GSE155385 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundElastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are a fascinating biomaterial that has undergone copious development for a variety of therapeutic applications including as a nanoscale drug delivery vehicle. A comprehensive understanding of ELP self-assembly is lacking and this knowledge gap impedes the advancement of ELP-based biomaterials into the clinical realm. The systematic examination of leucine-containing ELPs endeavors to expand existing knowledge about fundamental assembly-disassembly behaviours.ResultsIt was observed that these marginally soluble, short ELPs tend to behave consistently with previous observations related to assembly-related ELP phase transitions but deviated in their disassembly. It was found that chain length, concentration and overall sequence hydrophobicity may influence the irreversible formation of sub-micron particles as well as the formation of multi-micron scale, colloidally unstable aggregates. Amino acid composition affected surface charge and packing density of the particles. Particle stability upon dilution was found to vary depending upon chain length and hydrophobicity, with particles composed of longer and/or more hydrophobic ELPs being more resistant to disassembly upon isothermal dilution.ConclusionsTaken together, these results suggest marginally soluble ELPs may self-assemble but not disassemble as expected and that parameters including particle size, zeta potential and dilution resistance would benefit from widespread systematic evaluations. This information has the potential to reveal novel preparation methods capable of expanding the utility of all existing ELP-based biomaterials.
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Project description:1. The preparative Edman degradation of desmosine-containing peptides permitted the isolation of peptides C-terminal to the desmosine cross-links in bovine, porcine and human aortic elastin as well as bovine ligamentum nuchae elastin. This identifies the lysines in the tropoelastin which give rise to the desmosine cross-links. 2. The sequences from bovine aortic elastin were identical with those obtained from bovine ligamentum nuchae elastin but differed from those obtained from the other species. The most striking difference involves the occurrence of phenylalanine in bovine elastin and tyrosine in porcine and human elastin C-terminal to the desmosine cross-links. 3. The sequences of the C-terminal peptides were found to fall into two distinct classes, one starting with hydrophobic residues, the other starting with alanine. It is proposed that thehydrophobic residue prevents the enzymic oxidative deamination of the adjacent lysine e-amino group and this then contributes the nitrogen to the pyridinium ring of the cross-links.
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