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The effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and of insulin supplementation on glycogen metabolism in rat liver.

ABSTRACT: The effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and of insulin supplementation to diabetic rats on glycogen-metabolizing enzymes in liver were determined. The results were compared with those from control animals. The activities of glycogenolytic enzymes, i.e. phosphorylase (both a and b), phosphorylase kinase and protein kinase (in the presence or in the absence of cyclic AMP), were significantly decreased in the diabetic animals. The enzyme activities were restored to control values by insulin therapy. Glycogen synthase (I-form) activity, similarly decreased in the diabetic animals, was also restored to control values after the administration of insulin. The increase in glycogen synthase(I-form) activity after insulin treatment was associated with a concomitant increase in phosphoprotein phosphatase activity. The increase in phosphatase activity was due to (i) a change in the activity of the enzyme itself and (ii) a decrease in a heat stable protein inhibitor of the phosphatase activity.

SUBMITTER: Khandelwal RL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1183803 | biostudies-other | 1977 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) and ursolic acid (UA) are ayurvedic medicines with multiple pharmacological activities including antidiabetic activity, but till date, no study is available on their combination. This study documented the antidiabetic efficacy of the combination of C. roseus and UA in rats. Rats were divided into six groups. All groups were given a single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 50?mg/kg by intraperitoneal route for induction of diabetes, except the normal control group. Group 1 was treated as a normal control (NC) group and fed with saline water, Group 2 as a Diabetes Control group, Group 3 as a STZ+C. roseus ethanolic extract (CREE) group at 50?mg/kg p.o., Group 4 as a STZ+UA group orally at 50?mg/kg, Group 5 as a STZ+CREE (25?mg/kg p.o.)+UA (25?mg/kg p.o.) group, and Group 6 as a STZ+Glimepiride (0.1?mg/kg) group. Diabetes was confirmed after 72 hours by estimation of blood glucose level, and then treatment was given for the next 28 days. During the course of treatment, plasma insulin and blood glucose were measured regularly at the interval of 7 days. At the end of the protocol, blood was collected and animals were sacrificed. The glucose level, insulin level, liver glycogen storage level, and antioxidant enzymes (LPO, CAT, SOD, GPx, GST) were measured. The blood glucose level in Group 5 significantly (P < 0.001) reduced to 98.35 ± 2.45?mg/dl in comparison with that in Group 2 (321.75 ± 5.46?mg/dl). The level of plasma insulin in Group 5 increased (13.65 ± 0.10??U/ml) significantly (P < 0.01) as compared with that in Group 2 (05.93 ± 0.31??U/ml). In Group 5, the level of glycogen in liver was significantly (P < 0.01) increased as compared with that in Group 2 rats. The level of antioxidant enzymes in Group 5 restored toward normal values significantly (P < 0.01; P < 0.001) as compared with that in Group 2 animals. These findings suggest that low-dose combination of CREE and UA is effective in the treatment of diabetes.

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The effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and of insulin supplementation on glycogen metabolism in rat liver.

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