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Purification of the hexokinases by affinity chromatography on sepharose-N-aminoacylglucosamine derivates. Design of affinity matrices from free solution kinetics.

ABSTRACT: The purification is described of rat hepatic hexokinase type III and kidney hexokinase type I on a large scale by using a combination of conventional and affinity techniques similar to those previously used for the purification of rat hepatic glucokinase [Holroyde, Allen, Storer, Warsy, Chesher, Trayer, Cornish-Bowden & Walker (1976) Biochem. J. 153, 363-373] and muscle hexokinase type II [Holroyde & Trayer (1976) FEBS Lett. 62, 215-219]. The key to each purification was the use of a Sepharose-N-aminoacylglucosamine affinity matrix in which a high degree of specificity for a particular hexokinase isoenzyme could be introduced by either varying the length of the aminoacyl spacer and/or varying the ligand concentration coupled to the gel. This was predicted from a study of the free solution kinetic properties of the various N-aminoacylglucosamine derivatives used (N-aminopropionyl, N-aminobutyryl, N-aminohexanoyl and N-aminooctanoyl), synthesized as described by Holroyde, Chesher, Trayer & Walker [(1976) Biochem. J. 153, 351-361]. All derivatives were competitive inhibitors, with respect to glucose, of the hexokinase reaction, and there was a direct correlation between the Ki for a particular derivative and its ability to act as an affinity matrix when immobilized to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. Muscle hexokinase type II could be chromatographed on the Sepharose conjugates of all four N-aminoacylglucosamine derivatives, although the N-aminohexanoylglucosamine derivative proved best. This same derivative was readily able to bind hepatic glucokinase and hexokinase type III, but Sepharose-N-amino-octanoyl-glucosamine was better for these enzymes and was the only derivative capable of binding kidney hexokinase type I efficiently. Separate studies with yeast hexokinase showed that again only the Sepharose-N-amino-octanoylglucosamine was capable of acting as an efficient affinity matrix for this enzyme. Implications of these studies in our understanding of affinity-chromatography operation are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Wright CL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1186047 | biostudies-other | 1978 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:BackgroundAffinity chromatography is one of the most efficient protein purification strategies. This technique comprises a one-step procedure with a purification level in the order of several thousand-fold, adaptable for various proteins, differentiated in their size, shape, charge, and other properties. The aim of this work was to verify the possibility of applying affinity chromatography in bacteriophage purification, with the perspective of therapeutic purposes. T4 is a large, icosahedral phage that may serve as an efficient display platform for foreign peptides or proteins. Here we propose a new method of T4 phage purification by affinity chromatography after its modification with affinity tags (GST and Histag) by in vivo phage display. As any permanent introduction of extraneous DNA into a phage genome is strongly unfavourable for medical purposes, integration of foreign motifs with the phage genome was not applied. The phage was propagated in bacteria expressing fusions of the phage protein Hoc with affinity tags from bacterial plasmids, independently from the phage expression system.ResultsElution profiles of phages modified with the specific affinity motifs (compared to non-specific phages) document their binding to the affinity resins and effective elution with standard competitive agents. Non-specific binding was also observed, but was 102-105 times weaker than the specific one. GST-modified bacteriophages were also effectively released from glutathione Sepharose by proteolytic cleavage. The possibility of proteolytic release was designed at the stage of expression vector construction. Decrease in LPS content in phage preparations was dependent on the washing intensity; intensive washing resulted in preparations of 11-40 EU/ml.ConclusionsAffinity tags can be successfully incorporated into the T4 phage capsid by the in vivo phage display technique and they strongly elevate bacteriophage affinity to a specific resin. Affinity chromatography can be considered as a new phage purification method, appropriate for further investigations and development.

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Purification of the hexokinases by affinity chromatography on sepharose-N-aminoacylglucosamine derivates. Design of affinity matrices from free solution kinetics.

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