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Structure and properties of rat thymus deoxyribonucleoprotein. Solubility properties and effects of precipitation.

ABSTRACT: 1. Deoxyribonucleoprotein was prepared from rat thymus and was studied chiefly by the method of electric birefringence. The birefringence depends on the electrical and optical properties of the molecules and on their volume; the decay time of birefringence (after the removal of the electric field) depends on molecular length. 2. A comparison was made of the properties of deoxyribonucleoprotein redissolved after precipitation in 0.15m-sodium chloride with those of the original material, the main object being to find if structural changes have occurred in the former. As a preliminary, the dependence of the solubility of the deoxyribonucleoprotein on the concentration of added salt was investigated, and the birefringence properties were also studied after the addition of sodium chloride at low concentrations, after the alteration of pH and after dialysis. 3. It was found that precipitation of deoxyribonucleoprotein occurs in two fractions, beginning at about 0.4mm-sodium chloride. The solubility is minimal at about 0.15m-sodium chloride. 4. The electric birefringence and decay time of the deoxyribonucleoprotein decrease with increasing concentration of added sodium chloride, and the birefringence also decreases after dialysis. Prolonged dialysis leads to precipitation. 5. The properties of deoxyribonucleoprotein redissolved after precipitation with 0.15m-sodium chloride differ considerably from those of the original deoxyribonucleoprotein. This is attributed to some type of disorganization process occurring during precipitation. It is concluded that the organization of the original structure is very specific.

SUBMITTER: Itzhaki RF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1198373 | biostudies-other | 1967 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Derivatives of yeast cell wall (YCW) have been studied for their potential prebiotic effects. Recently, new purified and soluble preparations have been developed in an attempt to increase their biological actions. Two YCW preparations, one conventional and another with higher solubility of the mannan oligosaccharide fraction, were evaluated on dogs. One food formulation was used, divided into the following treatments: CON-control, without yeast cell wall addition; YCW-addition of 0.3% of a conventional yeas cell wall extract; YCWs-addition of 0.3% of a yeast cell wall extract with high mannan oligosaccharide solubility. Twenty-four beagle dogs were used, eight per food, distributed on a block design. Blocks lasted 32 days, and TNF-a, IL-6, IL-10, ex vivo production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide by peripheral neutrophils and monocytes, phagocytic index, and fecal IgA were evaluated at the beginning and end of each period. Additionally, nutrient digestibility, feces production and quality, and fermentation products were quantified. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance and compared using the Tukey test (P<0.05), using the basal immunological parameters as a covariate. The inclusion of YCWs reduced fat digestibility (P<0.05), increased the concentration of butyrate and putrescine, and reduced lactate in feces (P<0.05), showing that mannan oligosaccharide solubilization resulted in higher fermentation of this compound and altered the metabolism of the gut microbiota. Lower IL-6 on serum was verified for dogs fed the YCWs diet (P<0.05), suggesting a reduction in the inflammatory activity of dogs. Higher phagocytic index was verified for peripheral monocytes after the intake of the YCW food, suggesting better innate immunity. In conclusion, the solubilization of the mannooligosaccharide fraction alters its interaction with gut microbiota and biological actions in animals, although both yeast cell wall preparations exhibited prebiotic effects on dogs.

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Structure and properties of rat thymus deoxyribonucleoprotein. Solubility properties and effects of precipitation.

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