Dataset Information

Identification of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase as a nitric oxide-regulated gene in human (HaCaT) keratinocytes: implications for keratinocyte proliferation.

ABSTRACT: Recent studies have demonstrated an induction of expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase that is associated with several inflammatory diseases of the skin. To define the mechanisms of action of nitric oxide (NO) in the skin, we attempted to identify genes that are regulated by NO in keratinocytes. Using the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT as a model system, we identified a Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) that was strongly induced by high concentrations (500 microM) of NO-donating agents ¿S-nitrosoglutathione, sodium nitroprusside and (Z)-1-[2-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl) amino] diazen-1-ium-1,2 -diolate (DETA-NO)¿, but not by serum or by single recombinant growth factors and inflammatory cytokines or by treatment with superoxide anions. Furthermore, endogenously produced NO increased the expression of Cu/Zn SOD mRNA in keratinocytes. Moreover, treatment of HaCaT cells with NO was associated with a biphasic effect on cell proliferation, because low doses (100 microM) of different NO donors (S-nitrosoglutathione and DETA-NO) mediated a proliferative signal to the cells, whereas high concentrations (500 microM) were cytostatic. To determine a possible correlation between the close regulation of Cu/Zn SOD expression and proliferation by NO in keratinocytes, we established a cell line (psp1CZ1N) carrying a human Cu/Zn SOD cDNA under the control of a ponasterone-inducible promoter construct. Ponasterone-induced overexpression of Cu/Zn SOD caused a cytostatic effect in proliferating psp1CZ1N cells. We therefore suggest that the up-regulation of Cu/Zn SOD expression by NO establishes an inhibitory mechanism on keratinocyte proliferation.

SUBMITTER: Frank S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1220905 | biostudies-other | 2000 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:UnlabelledSuperoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloproteins that protect organisms from toxic reactive oxygen species by catalyzing the conversion of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. Chlorovirus PBCV-1 encodes a 187-amino-acid protein that resembles a Cu-Zn SOD with all of the conserved amino acid residues for binding copper and zinc (named cvSOD). cvSOD has an internal Met that results in a 165-amino-acid protein (named tcvSOD). Both cvSOD and tcvSOD recombinant proteins inhibited nitroblue tetrazolium reduction of superoxide anion generated in a xanthine-xanthine oxidase system in solution. tcvSOD was chosen for further characterization because it was easier to produce. Recombinant tcvSOD also inhibited a riboflavin photochemical reduction system in a polyacrylamide gel assay, which was blocked by the Cu-Zn SOD inhibitor cyanide but not by azide, which inhibits Fe and Mn SODs. A k(cat)/K(m) value for cvSOD was determined by stop-flow spectrophotometry as 1.28 × 10(8) M(-1) s(-1), suggesting that cvSOD-catalyzed O2 (-) dismutation was not a diffusion controlled encounter. The cvsod gene was expressed as a late gene, and cvSOD activity was detected in purified virions. Superoxide accumulated rapidly during virus infection, and circumstantial evidence indicates that cvSOD aids its decomposition to benefit virus replication. Cu-Zn SOD homologs have been described to occur in 3 other families of large DNA viruses, poxviruses, baculoviruses, and mimiviruses, which group as a clade. Interestingly, cvSOD does not group in the same clade as the other virus SODs but instead groups in an expanded clade that includes Cu-Zn SODs from many cellular organisms.ImportanceVirus infection often leads to an increase in toxic reactive oxygen species in the host, which can be detrimental to virus replication. Viruses have developed various ways to overcome this barrier. As reported in this article, the chloroviruses often encode and package a functional Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase in the virion that presumably lowers the concentration of reactive oxygen induced early during virus infection.

Dataset Information

Identification of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase as a nitric oxide-regulated gene in human (HaCaT) keratinocytes: implications for keratinocyte proliferation.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets