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A new phosphospecific cell-based ELISA for p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, protein kinase B and cAMP-response-element-binding protein.

ABSTRACT: Assaying activation of signal transduction is laborious and does not allow the study of large numbers of samples, essential for high-throughput drug screens or for large groups of patients. Using phosphospecific antibodies, we have developed ELISA techniques enabling non-radioactive semi-quantitative assessment of the activation state of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, protein kinase B and the transcription factor cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB) in 96-well plates. This assay has been termed PACE (phosphospecific antibody cell-based ELISA) and was used successfully for both adherent and suspension cells. Various stimuli induced dose-dependent enzymic activity of which the kinetics closely correlated with those measured via classical methodology. Using PACE we have now characterized for the first time the concentration-dependent effects of various inflammatory prostaglandins on CREB phosphorylation in macrophages. PACE is a straightforward and novel technique enabling the large-scale analysis of signal transduction.

SUBMITTER: Versteeg HH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1221302 | biostudies-other | 2000 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:AimsSome asthma patients remain symptomatic despite using high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). We used alveolar macrophages to identify individual patients with insensitivity to corticosteroids and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor combined with a corticosteroid on these cells.MethodsAlveolar macrophages from 27 asthma patients (classified according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) treatment stage. Six GINA1, 10 GINA2 and 11 GINA3/4) were stimulated with lipoploysaccharide (LPS) (1 ?g ml(-1)). The effects of dexamethasone (dex 1-1000 nm), the p38 MAPK inhibitor 1-(5-tert-butyl-2-p-tolyl-2Hpyrazol-3-yl)-3(4-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)naphthalen-1-yl)urea (BIRB-796 1-1000 nm) and both drugs combined at all concentrations on supernatant TNF?, IL-6 and CXCL-8 concentrations were analyzed by ELISA. Dose-sparing and efficacy enhancing effects of combination treatment were determined.ResultsDexamethasone reduced LPS-induced TNF?, IL-6 and CXCL-8 in all groups, but maximum inhibition was significantly reduced for GINA3/4 compared with GINA2 and GINA1 (P < 0.01). A subgroup of corticosteroid insensitive patients with a reduced effect of dexamethasone on cytokine secretion were identified. BIRB-796 in combination with dexamethasone significantly increased cytokine inhibition compared with either drug alone (P < 0.001) in all groups. This effect was greater in corticosteroid insensitive compared with sensitive patients. There were significant synergistic dose-sparing effects (P < 0.05) for the combination treatment on inhibition of TNF?, IL-6 and CXCL-8 in all groups. There was also significant efficacy enhancing benefits (P < 0.05) on TNF? and IL-6.Conclusionsp38 MAPK inhibitors synergistically enhance efficacy of corticosteroids in macrophages from asthma patients. This effect is greater in corticosteroid insensitive asthma patients, suggesting that this class of drug should be targeted to this patient phenotype.

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A new phosphospecific cell-based ELISA for p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, protein kinase B and cAMP-response-element-binding protein.

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