The relation between skeletal and extracellular-fluid magnesium in vitro.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Martindale L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1264659 | biostudies-other | 1965 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8094171 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To study whether increased body mass index is associated with altered expression of extracellular vesicle microRNAs (EV-linked miRNAs) in human follicular fluid. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Tertiary-care university-affiliated center. PATIENT(S):One hundred thirty-three women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) were recruited from January 2014 to August 2016. INTERVENTIONS(S):None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):EV-linked miRNAs were isolated from follicular fluid and their expression profiles were measured with the use of the Taqman Open Array Human miRNA panel. EV-linked miRNAs were globally normalized and inverse-normal transformed. Associations between body mass index (BMI) and EV-linked miRNA outcomes were analyzed by means of multivariate linear regression and principal component analysis. RESULT(S):Eighteen EV-linked miRNAs were associated with an increase in BMI after adjusting for age, ethnicity, smoking status, and batch effects. Hsa-miR-328 remained significant after false discovery rate adjustments. Principal component analyses identified the first principal component to account for 40% of the variation in our EV-linked miRNA dataset, and adjusted linear regression found that the first principal component was significantly associated with BMI after multiple testing adjustments. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses, we predicted gene targets of EV-linked miRNA in silico and identified PI3K-Akt signaling, ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, FoxO signaling, and oocyte meiosis pathways. CONCLUSION(S):These results show that a 1-unit increase in BMI is associated with altered follicular fluid expression of EV-linked miRNAs that may influence follicular and oocyte developmental pathways. Our findings provide potential insight into a mechanistic explanation for the reduced fertility rates associated with increased BMI.
| S-EPMC6663626 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Studies have revealed that there is an independent buffer for holding biological movements (BM) in working memory (WM), and this BM-WM has a unique link to our social ability. However, it remains unknown as to whether the BM-WM also correlates to our cognitive abilities, such as fluid intelligence (Gf). Since BM processing has been considered as a hallmark of social cognition, which distinguishes from canonical cognitive abilities in many ways, it has been hypothesized that only canonical object-WM (e.g., memorizing color patches), but not BM-WM, emerges to have an intimate relation with Gf. We tested this prediction by measuring the relationship between WM capacity of BM and Gf. With two Gf measurements, we consistently found moderate correlations between BM-WM capacity, the score of both Raven's advanced progressive matrix (RAPM), and the Cattell culture fair intelligence test (CCFIT). This result revealed, for the first time, a close relation between WM and Gf with a social stimulus, and challenged the double-dissociation hypothesis for distinct functions of different WM buffers.
| S-EPMC6842976 | biostudies-literature
Project description:STUDY QUESTION: Do extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human Fallopian tubes exert an influence on early embryo development in vitro? SUMMARY ANSWER: Human Fallopian tube EVs carrying miRNAs increase murine embryo viability in vitro. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Oviductal EVs (oEVs) are recently identified key players in embryo-oviduct interactions that contribute to successful pregnancy in vivo. Their absence in current in vitro systems may partly explain the suboptimal embryo development observed, therefore further knowledge is needed about their impact on early embryos. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The oEVs were isolated from the luminal fluid of human Fallopian tubes using ultracentrifugation. We cocultured oEVs with murine two-cell embryos until the blastocyst stage. The study was conducted between August 2021 and July 2022. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: A total of 23 premenopausal women were recruited for Fallopian-tubes collection, and the oEVs were isolated. The micro RNA (miRNA) contents were detected using high-throughput sequencing and their target genes and effects were analyzed. After in vitro culture with or without oEVs, the blastocyst and hatching rates were recorded. Furthermore, for the blastocysts formed, we assessed the total cell number, inner cell mass proportion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, number of apoptotic cells and mRNA expression levels of genes involved in development. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: EVs were successfully isolated from the human Fallopian tubal fluid and the concentrations were evaluated. A total of 79 known miRNAs were identified from eight samples that had been sequenced, all involved in various biological processes. The blastocyst rate, hatching rate, as well as total cell number of blastocysts were significantly increased in the oEVs-treated groups (p < 0.05 versus untreated), while the proportion of inner cell mass showed no significant difference between groups. ROS levels and apoptotic cell proportions were decreased in the oEVs-treated groups (p < 0.05 versus untreated). The genes, Actin-Related Protein 3 (Actr3), Eomesodermin (Eomes), and Wnt Family Member 3A (Wnt3a) were upregulated in blastocysts in the oEVs-treated group.
2023-02-16 | GSE225122 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In sedentary adults, hydration is mostly influenced by total fluid intake and not by sweat losses; moreover, low daily fluid intake is associated with adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to model the relation between total fluid intake and urinary hydration biomarkers. SUBJECTS/METHODS: During 4 consecutive weekdays, 82 adults (age, 31.6±4.3 years; body mass index, 23.2±2.7 kg/m(2); 52% female) recorded food and fluid consumed, collected one first morning urine (FMU) void and three 24-h (24hU) samples. The strength of linear association between urinary hydration biomarkers and fluid intake volume was evaluated using simple linear regression and Pearson's correlation. Multivariate partial least squares (PLS) modeled the association between fluid intake and 24hU hydration biomarkers. RESULTS: Strong associations (|r| ≥ 0.6; P<0.001) were found between total fluid intake volume and 24hU osmolality, color, specific gravity (USG), volume and solute concentrations. Many 24hU biomarkers were collinear (osmolality versus color: r=0.49-0.76; USG versus color: r=0.46-0.78; osmolality versus USG: 0.86-0.97; P<0.001). Measures in FMU were not strongly correlated to intake. Multivariate PLS and simple linear regression using urine volume explained >50% of the variance in fluid intake volume (r(2)=0.59 and 0.52, respectively); however the error in both models was high and the limits of agreement very large. CONCLUSIONS: Hydration biomarkers in 24hU are strongly correlated with daily total fluid intake volume in sedentary adults in free-living conditions; however, the margin of error in the present models limits the applicability of estimating fluid intake from urinary biomarkers.
| S-EPMC3778844 | biostudies-other
Project description:Background-Osteoporosis is characterized by defects in both quality and quantity of bone tissue, which imply high susceptibility to fractures with limitations of autonomy. Current therapies for osteoporosis are mostly concentrated on how to inhibit bone resorption but give serious adverse effects. Therefore, more effective and safer therapies are needed that even encourage bone formation. Here we examined the effect of extracellular vesicles secreted by human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) (AFSC-EV) on a model of osteoporosis in vitro. Methods-human AFSC-EV were added to the culture medium of a human pre-osteoblast cell line (HOB) induced to differentiate, and then treated with dexamethasone as osteoporosis inducer. Aspects of differentiation and viability were assessed by immunofluorescence, Western blot, mass spectrometry, and histological assays. Since steroids induce oxidative stress, the levels of reactive oxygen species and of redox related proteins were evaluated. Results-AFSC-EV were able to ameliorate the differentiation ability of HOB both in the case of pre-osteoblasts and when the differentiation process was affected by dexamethasone. Moreover, the viability was increased and parallelly apoptotic markers were reduced. The presence of EV positively modulated the redox unbalance due to dexamethasone. Conclusion-these findings demonstrated that EV from hAFSC have the ability to recover precursor cell potential and delay local bone loss in steroid-related osteoporosis.
| S-EPMC7792960 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Study questionAre phthalate metabolite concentrations in follicular fluid (FF) associated with the expression of extracellular vesicle microRNAs (EV-miRNAs)?Summary answerPhthalate metabolite concentrations are associated with the expression of EV-miRNA and their associated pathways in FFs.What is known alreadyPhthalate metabolites were recently detected in FF. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations alter the expression of EV-miRNAs in FF.Study design, size, durationProspective study including 105 women recruited between January 2014 and August 2016 in a tertiary university-affiliated hospital.Participants/materials, setting, methodsWe assessed FF concentrations of 12 phthalate metabolites. EV-miRNAs were isolated from aliquots of the same FF, and their expression profiles were measured using a human miRNA panel. Associations between EV-miRNAs that were present in >50% of the samples and phthalate metabolites that were measured in >74% of the FF samples were tested. Genes regulated by EV-miRNAs that were found to be significantly (false discovery rate q-value < 0.1) correlated with FF-phthalates were analyzed for pathways linked with female fertility using miRWalk2.0 Targetscan database, DAVID Bioinformatics Resources and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).Main results and the role of chanceOf 12 phthalate metabolites, 11 were measured in at least one FF sample. Mono (6-COOH-2-methylheptyl) phthalate (MCOMHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (mECPP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and mono (7-COOH-2-methyloctyl) phthalate (MCOMOP) were detected in more than 74% of the samples. Of 754 EV-miRNAs tested, 39 were significantly associated either with MEP, MBzP, MCOMOP, MCOMHP and/or with mECPP, after adjusting for multiple testing (P < 0.05). KEGG-based pathway enrichment analysis of the genes regulated by these miRNAs showed that these EV-miRNAs may be involved in pathways related to ovary or oocyte development, maturation and fertilization.Limitations, reasons for cautionThe use of miRNA panel array limits the number of potential relevant miRNAs. Moreover, several of the phthalate metabolites examined may be biased due to internal (enzymatic activity) or external (contamination in medical interventions) causes.Wider implications of the findingsPhthalate metabolites may alter follicular EV-miRNAs profile and thus impair pathways that are involved with oocyte development, maturation and fertilization. Our results contribute to understanding of possible mechanism(s) in which endocrine disruptor chemicals interfere with female fertility.Study funding/competing interestsThis work was supported by the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [Grant R21-ES024236]; and Environmental Health Fund, Israel [Grant 1301], no competing interests.Trial registration numberN/A.
| S-EPMC8599830 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) reproductive seasonality, causing cycles of milk production, is one of the major factors affecting farming profitability. Follicular fluid (FF) contains extracellular vesicles (EVs) playing an important role in modulating oocyte developmental competence and carrying microRNAs (miRNAs) essential for in vitro fertilization outcomes. The aim of this work was to characterize the FF-EVs-miRNA cargo of antral (An) and preovulatory (pO) follicles collected in the breeding (BS) and non-breeding (NBS) seasons, to unravel the molecular causes of the reduced oocyte competence recorded in buffalo during the NBS. In total, 1335 miRNAs (538 known Bos taurus miRNAs, 324 homologous to known miRNAs from other species and 473 new candidate miRNAs) were found. We identified 413 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) (FDR < 0.05) between An and pO groups. A subset of the most significant DE-miRNAs between An and pO groups targets genes which function is related to the lipid and steroid metabolism, response to glucocorticoid and oestradiol stimulus. Comparison between BS and NBS showed 14 and 12 DE-miRNAs in An-FF-EVs and pO-FF-EVs, which regulate IL6 release and cellular adhesion, respectively. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that the miRNA cargo of buffalo FF-EVs varies in relation to both follicular development and season.
| S-EPMC9437019 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Corrosion behavior of friction stir processing (FSP) WE43 alloy in a simulated body fluid (SBF) was investigated. Micro-galvanic corrosion was the dominated corrosion behavior, and the corrosion resistance of FSP WE43 alloy was improved compared to the cast counterpart. Furthermore, due to the fine-grained and homogeneous microstructure, uniform corrosion morphology was observed on FSP WE43 alloy. According to the tensile properties of specimens with different immersion time intervals, FSP WE43 alloy shows better performance to maintain the mechanical integrity in SBF as compared to the as-cast alloy.
| S-EPMC5456840 | biostudies-other
Project description:Oviduct fluid extracellular vesicles (oEVs) have been proposed as bringing key molecules to the early developing embryo. In order to evaluate the changes induced by oEVs on embryo phospholipids, fresh bovine blastocysts developed in vitro in the presence or absence of oEVs were analyzed by intact cell MALDI-TOF (Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-Time of flight) mass spectrometry (ICM-MS). The development rates, cryotolerance, and total cell number of blastocysts were also evaluated. The exposure to oEVs did not affect blastocyst yield or cryotolerance but modified the phospholipid content of blastocysts with specific changes before and after blastocoel expansion. The annotation of differential peaks due to oEV exposure evidenced a shift of embryo phospholipids toward more abundant phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), and sphingomyelins (SM) with long-chain fatty acids. The lipidomic profiling of oEVs showed that 100% and 33% of the overabundant masses in blastocysts and expanded blastocysts, respectively, were also present in oEVs. In conclusion, this study provides the first analysis of the embryo lipidome regulated by oEVs. Exposure to oEVs induced significant changes in the phospholipid composition of resulting embryos, probably mediated by the incorporation of oEV-phospholipids into embryo membranes and by the modulation of the embryonic lipid metabolism by oEV molecular cargos.
| S-EPMC7432015 | biostudies-literature