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Effects of chronic drug treatments on increases in intracellular calcium mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in SH-SY5Y cells.

ABSTRACT: 1. SH-SY5Y cells express alpha7 and alpha3* subtypes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR). Numbers of these receptors are upregulated by chronic treatment with nicotinic agonists or KCl. In this study we have examined the functional consequences of these drug treatments on nicotine- or KCl-evoked increases in [Ca(2+)](i), in SH-SY5Y cells. 2. In untreated cells, nicotine increased [Ca(2+)](i) (EC(50) 7.5 microM). Responses to 10 microM nicotine were abolished by the non-selective nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine and were partially blocked by alpha7-selective antagonists, the alpha3beta2*-selective antagonist alpha-conotoxin-MII, and by cadmium and verapamil. 3. After treatment for 4 days with nicotinic agonists, nicotine-evoked increases in [Ca(2+)](i) were significantly decreased by about 25%. Nicotine-evoked responses were paradoxically increased in the presence of acute methyllycaconitine (MLA; an alpha7-selective antagonist) although other alpha7-selective antagonists were without effect, while alpha-conotoxin-MII gave a partial inhibition. The increase observed with MLA was abolished by mecamylamine but not by alpha-conotoxin-MII and was still observed 24 h after chronic nicotine treatment. 4. After treatment for 4 days with KCl, nicotine-evoked increases in [Ca(2+)](i) were also decreased by 25%, but acute MLA was without effect. Responses to 20 mM KCl were unchanged by prior treatment with nicotine or KCl. Treatment for 4 days with 5 microM verapamil reduced responses to both nicotine and KCl by about 50%. 5. Multiple nicotinic AChR subtypes contribute to nicotine-evoked increases in [Ca(2+)](i) in SH-SY5Y cells. Responses to acute nicotine are reduced after chronic nicotine or KCl treatment, with loss of the component attributed to the alpha7 subtype. However, in nicotine-treated cells this effect is reversed when nicotine stimulation is applied in the presence of acute MLA. The antagonist may assist in converting a non-functional alpha7 nicotinic AChR to a conducting state.

SUBMITTER: Ridley DL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1573191 | biostudies-other | 2002 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:Alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are primarily found in neurons of the midbrain dopaminergic (DA) system, suggesting these receptors are potentially involved in drug reward and dependence. Here, we report a novel effect that cocaine directly inhibits ?6N/?3C?2?3-nAChR (?6*-nAChRs) function. Human ?6*-nAChRs were heterologously expressed within cells of the SH-EP1 cell line for functional characterization. Mechanically dissociated DA neurons from mouse ventral tegmental area (VTA) were used as a model of presynaptic ?6*-nAChR activation since this method preserves terminal boutons. Patch-clamp recordings in whole-cell configuration were used to measure ?6*-nAChR function as well as evaluate the effects of cocaine. In SH-EP1 cells containing heterologously expressed human ?6*-nAChRs, cocaine inhibits nicotine-induced inward currents in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 30 ?M. Interestingly, in the presence of 30 ?M cocaine, the maximal current response of the nicotine concentration-response curve is reduced without changing nicotine's EC50 value, suggesting a noncompetitive mechanism. Furthermore, analysis of whole-cell current kinetics demonstrated that cocaine slows nAChR channel activation but accelerates whole-cell current decay time. Our findings demonstrate that cocaine-induced inhibition occurs solely with bath application, but not during intracellular administration, and this inhibition is not use-dependent. Additionally, in Xenopus oocytes, cocaine inhibits both ?6N/?3C?2?3-nAChRs and ?6M211L/?3IC?2?3-nCAhRs similarly, suggesting that cocaine may not act on the ?3 transmembrane domain of chimeric ?6N/?3C?2?3-nAChR. In mechanically isolated VTA DA neurons, cocaine abolishes ?6*-nAChR-mediated enhancement of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs). Collectively, these studies provide the first evidence that cocaine directly inhibits the function of both heterologously and naturally expressed ?6*-nAChRs. These findings suggest that ?6*-nAChRs may provide a novel pharmacological target mediating the effects of cocaine and may underlie a novel mechanism of cocaine reward and dependence.

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Effects of chronic drug treatments on increases in intracellular calcium mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in SH-SY5Y cells.

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