Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles in childhood mature B cell neoplasms.

ABSTRACT: AIMS: Because of the observation of an abundance of leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles in the bone marrow aspiration sample of a patient with Burkitt's leukaemia at diagnosis, the occurrence of this phenomenon in leukaemia/lymphoma samples with available immune phenotyping data was investigated retrospectively. METHODS: Flow cytometric immune phenotyping and spontaneous apoptosis analysis of the bone marrow mononuclear cell preparation of the index case were performed. Microparticles isolated form the bone marrow sample were also studied for the presence of leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles. List mode analysis of 225 cases of acute leukaemia or lymphoma with previously performed immune phenotyping was also carried out. RESULTS: The presence of leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles could be detected by flow cytometry and they were found to be different from apoptotic bodies. Leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles were released in all cases of mature B cell neoplasms studied, although this phenomenon was rare in precursor B cell disorders and acute myeloid leukaemia. CONCLUSIONS: The generation of leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles in mature B cell neoplasms appears to be a common phenomenon. The pathogenesis and clinical implications must be investigated.

SUBMITTER: Savasan S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1770322 | biostudies-other | 2004 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

How we treat mature B-cell neoplasms (indolent B-cell lymphomas).

Project description:Mature B cell neoplasms, previously indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas (iNHLs), are a heterogeneous group of malignancies sharing similar disease courses and treatment paradigms. Most patients with iNHL have an excellent prognosis, and in many, treatment can be deferred for years. However, some patients will have an accelerated course and may experience transformation into aggressive lymphomas. In this review, we focus on management concepts shared across iNHLs, as well as histology-specific strategies. We address open questions in the field, including the influence of genomics and molecular pathway alterations on treatment decisions. In addition, we review the management of uncommon clinical entities including nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, splenic lymphoma and primary lymphoma of extranodal sites. Finally, we include a perspective on novel targeted therapies, antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific T cell engagers and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy.

| S-EPMC7789477 | biostudies-literature

Preclinical evaluation of anti-CD38 therapy in mature T-cell neoplasms.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10365939 | biostudies-literature

Blastic natural killer cell lymphoma/leukaemia in a cat.

Project description:Case summaryA 7-year-old mixed-breed cat presented with subcutaneous oedema and erythema extending from the right axilla to the abdomen. Fine-needle aspiration of the subcutaneous lesion revealed large, atypical, round cells. A clonality analysis for the T-cell receptor-gamma and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes showed no clonal rearrangement. The presumed diagnosis was lymphoma and the cat was treated with prednisolone and L-asparaginase but died 78 days after initial treatment. At necropsy, an oedematous subcutaneous mass in the right axilla, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy of the mediastinum and left axilla were observed. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse infiltration of large atypical round cells in the subcutaneous mass, liver, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were strongly positive for CD56, and negative for CD3, CD20, CD79a, CD57, granzyme B and perforin. Based on these findings, the cat was diagnosed with blastic natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma/leukaemia.Relevance and novel informationHere, we report the pathological and clinical findings of NK cell lymphoma/leukaemia in a cat. The antibody for human CD56, a diagnostic marker for human NK cell neoplasms, showed cross-reactivity with feline CD56 by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis. The antibody could be a useful diagnostic marker for feline NK cell neoplasms.

| S-EPMC6628536 | biostudies-literature

Secondary Malignant Neoplasms Following Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Childhood.

Project description:Improving survival rates in children with malignancy have been achieved at the cost of a high frequency of late adverse effects of treatment, especially in intensively treated patients such as those undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), many of whom suffer the high burden of chronic toxicity. Secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs) are one of the most devastating late effects, cause much morbidity and are the most frequent cause of late (yet still premature) treatment-related mortality. They occur in up to 7% of HSCT recipients by 20 years post-HSCT, and with no evidence yet of a plateau in incidence with longer follow-up. This review describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and risk factors of the three main categories of post-HSCT SMNs. A wide range of solid SMNs has been described, usually occurring 10 years or more post-HSCT, related most often to previous or conditioning radiotherapy. Therapy-related acute myeloid leukaemia/myelodysplasia occurs earlier, typically three to seven years post-HSCT, mainly in recipients of autologous transplant and is related to previous alkylating agent or topoisomerase II inhibitor chemotherapy. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders occur early (usually within two years) post-HSCT, usually presenting as Epstein-Barr virus-related B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

| S-EPMC4928755 | biostudies-other

TORC1 and class I HDAC inhibitors synergize to suppress mature B cell neoplasms.

Project description:Enhanced proliferative signaling and loss of cell cycle regulation are essential for cancer progression. Increased mitogenic signaling through activation of the mTOR pathway, coupled with deregulation of the Cyclin D/retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway is a common feature of lymphoid malignancies, including plasmacytoma (PCT), multiple myeloma (MM), Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Here we evaluate the synergy of pharmacologically affecting both of these critical pathways using the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus and the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat. A dose-matrix screening approach found this combination to be highly active and synergistic in a panel of genetically diverse human MM cell lines. Synergy and activity was observed in mouse PCT and human BL and MCL cell lines tested in vitro, as well as in freshly isolated primary MM patient samples tested ex vivo. This combination had minimal effects on healthy donor cells and retained activity when tested in a co-culture system simulating the protective interaction of cancer cells with the tumor microenvironment. Combining sirolimus with entinostat enhanced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. At the molecular level, entinostat increased the expression of cell cycle negative regulators including CDKN1A (p21) and CDKN2A (p16), while the combination decreased critical growth and survival effectors including Cyclin D, BCL-XL, BIRC5, and activated MAPK.

| S-EPMC3969848 | biostudies-other

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for mature B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma.

Project description:Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has changed the landscape of immunotherapy for B-cell malignancies, including mature B-cell lymphomas. Although two CD19 CAR T-cell products have been commercially approved to treat relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas, outcomes in these patients remain inferior to those of patients with B-cell leukemia, regardless of therapy. Recent clinical studies and preclinical reports suggest that certain characteristics, such as the suppressive lymphoma tumor microenvironment and inferior endogenous T-cell fitness, may contribute to discrepant responses in these patients. In addition, these studies revealed that limited CAR T-cell persistence and tumor antigen escape, which also impact B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, may play a more prominent role in lymphoma. Multiple promising strategies to overcome these barriers have advanced to clinical trials. In this review, we assess CAR T-cell therapies for pediatric relapsed/refractory mature B-cell lymphomas, potential obstacles diminishing antitumor activity and limiting CAR T-cell persistence, and current strategies to overcome these obstacles.

| S-EPMC7727550 | biostudies-literature

Clinical significance of circulating microparticles in Ph- myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Project description:Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane vesicles that are classified into subcategories based on their origin, such as platelet-derived MPs (PMPs), endothelial MPs (EMPs), red blood cell MPs (RMPs) and tissue factor MPs (TF + MPs). Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph-MPN) are disorders characterized by abnormal haematopoiesis, thrombosis and the JAK2V617F mutation. MPs are biomarkers for procoagulant state in cancer patients, but their relevance in patients with Ph-MPN was unclear. The present study aimed to measure MP variation in MPN patients and evaluate association with the JAK2V617F mutation and with thrombosis and splenomegaly. In total, 92 patients with MPN were enrolled in the present study, including 60 with essential thrombocythaemia (ET), 20 with polycythaemia vera (PV), and 12 with primary myelofibrosis (PMF). RMPs, PMPs, TF + MPs and EMPs were measured by flow cytometry. The levels of RMPs, PMPs, EMPs and TF + MPs in patients with Ph-MPN were all found to be significantly increased compared with controls (P<0.05). Additionally, the levels of all four types of MPs in the PMF group were significantly increased compared with the PV group (P<0.05), and the level of RMPs in the PMF group was significantly increased compared with the ET group (P<0.05). MP levels were increased in the Ph-MPN patients with thrombosis compared with patients without thrombosis (P<0.05). MP levels were increased in Ph-MPN patients with splenomegaly compared with patients without splenomegaly (P<0.05). The level of PMPs in patients with the JAK2V617F mutation was increased compared with patients without the mutation (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present study showed that MPs are associated with Ph-MPN pathogenesis, and may promote thrombosis.

| S-EPMC5530094 | biostudies-other

Childhood acute myeloid leukaemia.

Project description:Although acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has long been recognized for its morphological and cytogenetic heterogeneity, recent high-resolution genomic profiling has demonstrated a complexity even greater than previously imagined. This complexity can be seen in the number and diversity of genetic alterations, epigenetic modifications, and characteristics of the leukaemic stem cells. The broad range of abnormalities across different AML subtypes suggests that improvements in clinical outcome will require the development of targeted therapies for each subtype of disease and the design of novel clinical trials to test these strategies. It is highly unlikely that further gains in long-term survival rates will be possible by mere intensification of conventional chemotherapy. In this review, we summarize recent studies that provide new insight into the genetics and biology of AML, discuss risk stratification and therapy for this disease, and profile some of the therapeutic agents currently under investigation.

| S-EPMC3468705 | biostudies-literature

Molecular simulation studies on B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia 11A (BCL11A).

Project description:B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia 11A (BCL11A) is a modulator of foetal-to-adult globin switching and is involved in brain development and normal lymphopoiesis. The three-dimensional structure of BCL11A and its structural domains had not yet been completely determined; hence, this study aimed to elucidate the structural domains of BCL11A. Molecular modelling and dynamics simulation studies were conducted using in silico tools with the templates selected based on Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) searches of the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Ten protein models were generated using the MODELLER software, and the best model was selected according to the Discrete Optimised Protein Energy (DOPE) score and validated using the RAMPAGE server by evaluation of the Ramachandran plot. More than 93% of the amino acid residues of the best model of BCL11A were found to be in the favoured and allowed regions. The best model was validated using a 100-ns time span molecular dynamics simulation. The root-mean-square deviation, root-mean-square fluctuation, and radius of gyration values were found to explain the stability of the best BCL11A protein molecular model generated in the study. The validated best model of the BCL11A protein may be useful for effective modulator studies on foetal-to-adult globin switching and related research.

| S-EPMC6614651 | biostudies-literature

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10162861 | biostudies-literature