Primary ileal villous atrophy is often associated with microscopic colitis.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Marteau P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1891516 | biostudies-other | 1997 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:IntroductionPersistent villous atrophy (VA) is not uncommon in celiac disease (CeD) while patients take a gluten-free diet (GFD).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study with 122 serum samples collected from controls and patients with CeD either at the initial diagnosis or at the follow-up during endoscopy. These samples were assigned to 3 groups: nonceliac control, non-VA CeD (Marsh score 0-2), and VA CeD (Marsh score 3a-3c). We established an in-house multiplex assay to identify potential serological biomarkers for VA. We assessed autoantibodies reported to affect the small intestine, including IgA and IgG antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG), interferons, villin, actin, autoimmune enteropathy-related 75 kDa antigen (AIE-75), and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH)-1, as well as 27 cytokines. The apolipoproteins quantified included apo A1, apo B-100, and apo A4, which were produced predominantly by the intestinal epithelium or expressed specifically in villi.ResultsAutoantibody levels were high only for tTG antibodies, which performed well in initial CeD diagnosis, but suboptimally for VA prediction during follow-up, because 14.6% of the follow-up patients with VA had low tTG-IgA. Increasing dilution improved tTG-IgA quantification, particularly when the antibody levels were extremely high but did not significantly improve VA detection. Among those with low tTG-IgA and persistent VA, high proinflammatory cytokines were observed in 2 patients. Median low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the VA CeD group ( P = 0.03). Apolipoprotein levels were similar in patients with and without VA but diverged between those on a GFD or not.DiscussiontTG-IgA as a biomarker is suboptimal for VA prediction while on a GFD. Persistent VA is associated with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and partially related to persistent high proinflammatory cytokines.
| S-EPMC10749705 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Metagenomic sequencing revealed altered microbiota in microscopic colitis
| PRJEB8245 | ENA
Project description:A 60 year old man presented to the emergency department with septic shock and respiratory distress. He noted significant weight loss over the last 6 months with associated postprandial bloating. Endoscopy demonstrated partial villous atrophy. He had been on a gluten free diet, received empirical treatment for giardiasis and was receiving treatment with high dose systemic steroids for retroperitoneal fibrosis. This case discusses histology findings, differentials and reason for this acute presentation.
| S-EPMC5517287 | biostudies-other
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10312123 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMicroscopic colitis is an increasingly common cause of watery diarrhoea. Several classes of medications have been associated with microscopic colitis in prior studies.AimsTo determine the association between the use of previously implicated medications and microscopic colitis.MethodsThis was a case-control study of patients referred for elective, outpatient colonoscopy for diarrhoea. Patients were excluded for inflammatory bowel disease, C difficile, or other infectious diarrhoea. Colon biopsies were reviewed by the study pathologist and patients were classified as microscopic colitis cases or non-microscopic colitis controls.ResultsThe study population included 110 microscopic colitis cases and 252 controls. The cases were older, better educated and more likely to be female. Cases reported a greater number of loose, watery, or liquid stools, nocturnal stools, more urgency and weight loss compared to controls. There was no association with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), adjusted OR (aOR) 0.66, 95% CI 0.38-1.13 or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.40-1.17. Cholecystectomy was less common in cases, aOR 0.33, 95% CI 0.17-0.64, but microscopic colitis cases had more frequent bowel movements following cholecystectomy.ConclusionCompared to similar patients with diarrhoea, cases with microscopic colitis were not more likely to have taken previously implicated medications. They had more diarrhoea following cholecystectomy, suggesting that bile may play a role in symptoms or aetiology. We conclude that the appropriate choice of controls is crucial to understanding risk factors for microscopic colitis.
| S-EPMC8511165 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The small intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) can potentially impact the etiology of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Herein, we investigate the MAM profile to determine its association with liver pathology in patients with PBC. Thirty-four patients with PBC and 21 healthy controls who underwent colonoscopy at our hospital were enrolled in our study. We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of MAM samples obtained from the mucosa of the terminal ileum and examined the relationship between the abundance of ileal MAM and chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis using liver specimens from patients with PBC. There was a significant reduction in microbial diversity within individuals with PBC (P = 0.039). Dysbiosis of ileal MAM was observed in patients with PBC, with a characteristic overgrowth of Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonas. Multivariate analysis showed that the overgrowth of Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonas is an independent association factor for PBC (P = 0.0429, P = 0.026). Moreover, the abundance of Sphingomonadaceae was associated with chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis in PBC (P = 0.00981). The overgrowth of Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonas in ileal MAM was found in patients with PBC. Sphingomonadaceae may be associated with the pathological development of PBC.
| S-EPMC8492680 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Microscopic colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterised by normal or almost normal endoscopic appearance of the colon, chronic watery, nonbloody diarrhoea and distinct histological abnormalities, which identify three histological subtypes, the collagenous colitis, the lymphocytic colitis and the incomplete microscopic colitis. With ongoing uncertainties and new developments in the clinical management of microscopic colitis, there is a need for evidence-based guidelines to improve the medical care of patients suffering from this disorder. Guidelines were developed by members from the European Microscopic Colitis Group and United European Gastroenterology in accordance with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument. Following a systematic literature review, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. Statements and recommendations were developed by working groups consisting of gastroenterologists, pathologists and basic scientists, and voted upon using the Delphi method. These guidelines provide information on epidemiology and risk factors of microscopic colitis, as well as evidence-based statements and recommendations on diagnostic criteria and treatment options, including oral budesonide, bile acid binders, immunomodulators and biologics. Recommendations on the clinical management of microscopic colitis are provided based on evidence, expert opinion and best clinical practice. These guidelines may support clinicians worldwide to improve the clinical management of patients with microscopic colitis.
| S-EPMC8259259 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is growing evidence of the association of Microscopic Colitis (MC) with the use of specific medications such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Statins and H2-receptor antagonists (H2RA). In our study, we calculated the pooled odds of MC in patients using these drugs. We performed a detailed search of major databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, web of science, and Embase, to include the studies in which odds of MC were reported after using above mentioned drugs. A random-effects model was used to pool the estimates. Thirteen studies were included in our analysis consisting of 304,482 patients (34,194 cases and 270,018 controls). In eight studies, the control group consisted of a random population selected based on age, gender and same birth year, whereas 3 studies recruited patients who presented with diarrhea and underwent colonoscopy and biopsy to rule out MC. Two studies reported odds of MC for both diarrhea and random control groups. Patients taking PPIs were more likely to develop MC, AOR 2.65 (95% CI 1.81-3.50, I2 98.13%). Similarly, higher odds of association were found in patients taking SSRIs (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.27-2.96, I2 96.46%), NSAIDs (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.33-2.70, I2 92.70%) and Statins (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.19-2.30, I2 96.36%). No difference in odds of developing MC was seen in patients using H2RA compared to the control group (OR 2.70, 95% CI 0.32-5.08, I2 98.67%). We performed a subgroup analysis based on the control group and found higher odds of MC in patients on PPIs compared to the random control group (OR 4.55, 95% CI 2.90-6.19, I2 98.13%). Similarly, higher odds of MC were noted for SSRI (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.54-4.92, I2 98.31%), NSAIDs (OR 3.27, 95% CI 2.06-4.48, I2 95.38%), and Statins (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.41-3.06, I2 98.11%) compared to the random control group. Contrary lower odds of MC were seen in the PPI and H2RA group compared to the diarrhea control group (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48-0.88, I2 7.26%), (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.14-0.78, I2 0%) respectively. We found no difference in odds of MC in patients on SSRIs (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.49-1.42, I2 37.89%), NSAIDs (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.49-1.76, I2 59.37%) Statins (OR 0.91, 95% 0.66-1.17, I2 0%) and H2RA (OR 3.48, 95% CI -0.41-7.36, I2 98.89%) compared to the diarrhea control group. We also analyzed the association use of PPIs and NSAIDs with the development of collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis. Only the use of NSAIDs was associated with increased odds of developing collagenous colitis (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.50-1.72, I2 0%). No increased odds of CC and LC were seen in PPI users. PPIs, NSAIDs, SSRIs, and Statins are associated with an increased risk of MC compared to the random control group. On the contrary, the use of PPIs, NSAIDs, SSRIs, and Statins is not associated with an increased risk of MC when compared to the diarrhea control group.
| S-EPMC9844498 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Microscopic colitis (MC) is a common cause of chronic diarrhea with limited long-term data. We searched the pathology records at our institution from 2008 to 2018 to identify cases of MC. Total sample included patients with either a diagnosis of MC or incomplete MC (MCi).Chart review was performed and data were summarized for descriptive statistics. Logistic regression was used to estimate the unadjusted effects of predictors on MC. A total of 216 patients (88.32% white, 80.56% females, mean age 67.12 +/- 15.79) were studied; 50.00% had CC, 40.28% had LC and 9.72% had MCi. Majority (52.31%) were smokers and 21.84% of females were using some form of hormonal therapy. The odds of LC in reference to CC were significantly higher for those using tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (OR: 3.23, 95% C.I: 1.18-8.80, p = 0.02). The odds of smoking, statins, aspirin and beta-blocker use were decreased in MCi in reference to CC (all p < 0.05), 29 (74.35%) patients with unresolved symptoms underwent repeat colonoscopies with biopsies. One case of MCi resolved, 8 (72.73%) out of 11 cases of LC resolved, 2 (18.18%) continued to be LC and 1 (9.09%) transformed to CC, 8 (47.06%) out of 17 cases of CC resolved, 8 (47.06%) continued to be CC and 1 (5.88%) transformed to LC. Majority of patients had CC. TCA use resulted in increased odds of LC in reference to CC. Biopsies from repeat colonoscopies in some patients revealed changes in the pathological diagnoses raising the question of interchangeability of MC (CC to LC and vice versa).
| S-EPMC8493955 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Multiple tests are needed to diagnose a patient with noninfectious diarrhea. Some patients will be mistakenly labeled as diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) because of nonspecific computed tomographic scans and grossly normal endoscopic findings. It is crucial to understand other less common pathologies to avoid these instances of misdiagnosis. This article focuses on microscopic colitis (MC), eosinophilic colitis (EC), and celiac disease. MC is an inflammatory condition of the colon that presents with two subtypes, only to be differentiated by histology. EC is a rare chronic inflammatory process. Depending on the extent of the disease, it can present with mild diarrhea, malabsorption, or at its worst, cause obstruction and perforation. Celiac disease affects the small bowel, but interestingly can present similarly to colitis. Both MC and EC respond to oral budesonide. Patients with celiac disease improve on gluten-free diets. These treatments are distinctly different from typical IBS-D care plans.
| S-EPMC4442721 | biostudies-other