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Evolution and probable transmission of intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple.

ABSTRACT: The extraordinary genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results from the introduction of mutations by an error-prone reverse transcriptase and from recombination of the two RNA genomes packaged in the virion during the synthesis of proviral DNA. The occurrence of multiple, genetically distant HIV-1 subtypes and their geographic intermixing set up conditions for dramatic, rather than gradual, changes in genotype whenever genomes from different subtypes are copackaged in virions. Here we describe, for the first time, the sequential generation of multiple different, but related, intersubtype HIV-1 recombinants within an infected individual. Full-length gag and env genes were recovered directly from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or from primary virus cultures, using serial blood samples from a Zambian woman and a sample from her spouse. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis established that two different A/C recombinant forms of HIV-1 predominated at two time points in the woman. A related but distinct recombinant HIV-1 was recovered from her spouse. Intersubtype recombination apparently played a central role in the evolution of HIV-1 in this couple and may contribute substantially to the rapid emergence of HIV-1 variants whenever mixed-subtype HIV-1 infections occur.

SUBMITTER: Salminen MO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC191386 | biostudies-other | 1997 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Evolution and probable transmission of intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple.

Salminen M O MO Carr J K JK Robertson D L DL Hegerich P P Gotte D D Koch C C Sanders-Buell E E Gao F F Sharp P M PM Hahn B H BH Burke D S DS McCutchan F E FE

Journal of virology 19970401 4

The extraordinary genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results from the introduction of mutations by an error-prone reverse transcriptase and from recombination of the two RNA genomes packaged in the virion during the synthesis of proviral DNA. The occurrence of multiple, genetically distant HIV-1 subtypes and their geographic intermixing set up conditions for dramatic, rather than gradual, changes in genotype whenever genomes from different subtypes are copackaged in ...[more]

PMID: 9060617

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Project description:BackgroundNeurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the brain and a leading cause of epilepsy in resource-limited settings. Although neurocysticercosis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfections have commonly been reported, there are few data on how they interact. As part of an observational study of human immunodeficiency virus and cognition in Lusaka, Zambia, we identified a cluster of subjects with neurocysticercosis. We hypothesized that the neighborhood of residence may be an important factor driving clustering of neurocysticercosis and used a geographic information systems approach to investigate this association.MethodsA total of 34 subjects with human immunodeficiency virus and 13 subjects without human immunodeficiency virus (aged eight to 17 years) enrolled in the HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Zambia study, had magnetic resonance imaging of the brain performed, and were evaluated for neurocysticercosis. Quantitative geographic information systems was utilized to investigate the relationship between neighborhood of residence, HIV, and neurocysticercosis.ResultsThree of 34 subjects with human immunodeficiency virus (8.82%) and one of 13 controls were found to have neurocysticercosis. Geographic cluster analysis demonstrated that all subjects with neurocysticercosis were clustered in two adjacent neighborhoods (Chawama and Kanyama) with lower rates of piped water (Chawama: 22.8%, Kanyama: 26.7%) and flush toilets (Chawama: 14.0%, Kanyama: 14.0%) than the surrounding neighborhoods.ConclusionWe describe a cluster of patients with both neurocysticercosis and human immunodeficiency virus in Lusaka. Cases of neurocysticercosis clustered in neighborhoods with low rates of piped water and limited access to flush toilets. Geographic information systems may be a useful approach for studying the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus and neurocysticercosis. Larger studies are necessary to further investigate this association.

Dataset Information

Evolution and probable transmission of intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple.

Publications

Evolution and probable transmission of intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple.

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