Loss of productivity due to neck/shoulder symptoms and hand/arm symptoms: results from the PROMO-study.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: van den Heuvel SG
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2039785 | biostudies-other | 2007 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:BackgroundMany people suffer from complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder (CANS). CANS causes significant work problems, including absenteeism (sickness absence), presenteeism (decreased work productivity) and, ultimately, job loss. There is a need for intervention programs for people suffering from CANS. Management of symptoms and workload, and improving the workstyle, could be important factors in the strategy to deal with CANS. The objective of this study is to evaluate the experienced problems of employees with CANS, as a first step in an intervention mapping process aimed at adaptation of an existing self-management program to the characteristics of employees suffering from CANS.MethodsA qualitative study comprising three focus group meetings with 15 employees suffering from CANS. Based on a question guide, participants were asked about experiences in relation to continuing work despite their complaints. Data were analysed using content analysis with an open-coding system. During selective coding, general themes and patterns were identified and relationships between the codes were examined.ResultsParticipants suffering from CANS often have to deal with pain, disability, fatigue, misunderstanding and stress at work. Some needs of the participants were identified, i.e. disease-specific information, exercises, muscle relaxation, working with pain, influence of the work and/or social environment, and personal factors (including workstyle).ConclusionsEmployees suffering from CANS search for ways to deal with their complaints in daily life and at work. This study reveals several recurring problems and the results endorse the multi-factorial origin of CANS. Participants generally experience problems similar to those of employees with other types of complaints or chronic diseases, e.g. related to their illness, insufficient communication, working together with healthcare professionals, colleagues and management, and workplace adaptations. These topics will be addressed in the adaptation of an existing self-management program to the characteristics of employees suffering from CANS.
| S-EPMC4021174 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate age-dependent productivity loss caused by menstruation-related symptoms, measured in absenteeism (time away from work or school) and presenteeism (productivity loss while present at work or school). METHODS:Design/setting: internet-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in the Netherlands from July to October 2017. PARTICIPANTS:32 748 women aged 15-45 years, recruited through social media. OUTCOME MEASURES:self-reported lost productivity in days, divided into absenteeism and presenteeism; impact of menstrual symptoms; reasons women give when calling in sick; and women's preferences regarding the implications of menstruation-related symptoms for schools and workplaces. RESULTS:A total of 13.8% (n=4514) of all women reported absenteeism during their menstrual periods with 3.4% (n=1108) reporting absenteeism every or almost every menstrual cycle. The mean absenteeism related to a woman's period was 1.3 days per year. A total of 80.7% (n=26 438) of the respondents reported presenteeism and decreased productivity a mean of 23.2 days per year. An average productivity loss of 33% resulted in a mean of 8.9 days of total lost productivity per year due to presenteeism. Women under 21 years were more likely to report absenteeism due to menstruation-related symptoms (OR 3.3, 95% CI 3.1 to 3.6). When women called in sick due to their periods, only 20.1% (n=908) told their employer or school that their absence was due to menstrual complaints. Notably, 67.7% (n=22 154) of the participants wished they had greater flexibility in their tasks and working hours at work or school during their periods. CONCLUSIONS:Menstruation-related symptoms cause a great deal of lost productivity, and presenteeism is a bigger contributor to this than absenteeism. There is an urgent need for more focus on the impact of these symptoms, especially in women aged under 21 years, for discussions of treatment options with women of all ages and, ideally, more flexibility for women who work or go to school.
| S-EPMC6597634 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire was originally designed as a measure of disability in patients with disorders of the upper limb, but the DASH score is also affected by disability because of lower limb disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the construct validity of the DASH questionnaire and to create a revised DASH questionnaire, the Manchester-modified or M2 DASH, with fewer questions that is more specific to the upper limb. Patients were asked to fill in the DASH questionnaire in a fracture clinic after ethical approval. This included 79 patients with upper limb injuries, 61 patients with lower limb injuries, and 52 control subjects. The mean DASH scores for the three groups varied significantly, and the lower limb group had a mean score of 16. The M2 DASH questionnaire was developed using questions more specific to the upper limb and included questions 1-4, 6, 13-17, 21-23, and 26-30 from the original questionnaire. The mean M2 DASH score for the lower limb group was 9 and, unlike the original DASH score, was not statistically different from the control group. The M2 DASH scores were then calculated for the upper limb group and a correlation study showed highly significant correlation between the original DASH scores and the M(2) DASH scores. Our study shows that the original DASH questionnaire is not specific for the upper limb. The M2 DASH questionnaire has the advantage of being more specific for the upper limb than the DASH questionnaire, and it correlates well with the original DASH questionnaire when looking at isolated upper limb injuries.
| S-EPMC2525880 | biostudies-other
Project description:BACKGROUND:The aim of this prospective study was to identify clinical factors associated with the development of shoulder pain in stroke patients with pronounced arm paresis. METHODS:At stroke onset, 485 patients were initially assessed in 2007-2009. Sixty-three patients with pronounced arm paresis completed the study, and 21 of these developed shoulder pain. Clinical findings were recorded fortnightly by the attending physiotherapist during hospital stay. RESULTS:Hand oedema on the paretic side was more common in patients developing shoulder pain compared with those who did not develop shoulder pain. The onset of shoulder pain was associated with concomitant hand oedema. High NIHSS score was associated with developing shoulder pain. Patients with a history of shoulder pain developed pain earlier than those without previous shoulder pain. Patients with haemorrhagic stroke were significantly more prone to developing shoulder pain. CONCLUSIONS:One-third of the stroke patients with pronounced arm paresis developed shoulder pain. Concomitant hand oedema seems to be an additional symptom of shoulder injury. Patients with low general status are more vulnerable to develop post-stroke shoulder pain.
| S-EPMC3990940 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLimitations in upper limb functioning are common in Musculoskeletal disorders and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scale (DASH) has gained widespread use in this context. However, various concerns have been raised about its construct validity and so this study seeks to examine this and other psychometric aspects of both the DASH and QuickDASH from a modern test theory perspective.MethodsParticipants in the study were eligible if they had a confirmed diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). They were mailed a questionnaire booklet which included the DASH. Construct validity was examined by fit to the Rasch measurement model. The degree of precision of both the DASH and QuickDASH were considered through their Standard Error of Measurement (SEM).ResultsThree hundred and thirty-seven subjects with confirmed RA took part, with a mean age of 62.0 years (SD12.1); 73.6% (n = 252) were female. The median standardized score on the DASH was 33 (IQR 17.5-55.0). Significant misfit of the DASH and QuickDASH was observed but, after accommodating local dependency among items in a two-testlet solution, satisfactory fit was obtained, supporting the unidimensionality of the total sets and the sufficiency of the raw (ordinal or standardized) scores.ConclusionHaving accommodated local response dependency in the DASH and QuickDASH item sets, their total scores are shown to be valid, given they satisfy the Rasch model assumptions. The Rasch transformation should be used whenever all items are used to calculate a change score, or to apply parametric statistics within an RA population.Significance and innovationsMost previous modern psychometric analyses of both the DASH and QuickDASH have failed to fully address the effect of a breach of the local independence assumption upon construct validity. Accommodating this problem by creating 'super items' or testlets, removes this effect and shows that both versions of the scale are valid and unidimensional, as applied with a bi-factor equivalent solution to an RA population. The Standard Error of Measurement of a scale can be biased by failing to take into account the local dependency in the data which inflates reliability and thus making the SEM appear better (i.e. smaller) than the true value without bias.
| S-EPMC6347833 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Study designCross-sectional population-based study.PurposeThe study objective was to evaluate the coexistence of neck- and shoulder-disability, to establish normative scores for Neck Disability Index (NDI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS)-neck, VAS-arm, Quick Disability of Shoulder and Hand (Quick-DASH), and modified Constant score (mConstant score), and to determine the influence of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]) on the disability measures. The authors also investigated the distribution of dysphagia across the population and its relation to the NDI scores.Overview of literatureSeveral factors can adversely influence the clinical outcomes after cervical surgeries. The interaction of neck and shoulder disability in the perspective of psychological distress is not well understood.MethodsProspective questionnaire-based assessment was performed for 1,000 participants. Questionnaires consisted of validated generic and disease-specific queries and specific questions. The survey included patients without pathologies of cervical spine/shoulders/upper extremities.ResultsMean age of participants was 39 years. The average neck VAS score was 1.2, NDI% was 7.3, arm VAS score was 0.8, Quick-DASH was 6.2, mConstant score was 70.7, HADS-A score was 4.9, and HADS-D score was 3.2. The psychological scores showed a significant correlation with neck- and shoulder-disability (p<0.0001, r=0.3 to r=0.5). However, correlations between neck (NDI%, neck VAS score) and shoulder disability (mConstant score, arm VAS score, Quick-DASH) were stronger (p<0.0001, r=0.5 to r=0.6). A body mass index >35 kg/m2 influenced shoulder-disability (p<0.005) and psychological distress (HADS-D score, p<0.00001). Limited neck rotation was present in those with higher age, psychological distress, neck and shoulder disability (p<0.001).ConclusionsNormative scores for neck and shoulder disability were established. The outcomes of cervical spine surgery can be normalized to these results. A better understanding of the interdependencies of neck and shoulder disability and psychological distress would enable superior decision-making and patient counseling.
| S-EPMC8055464 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionLeiomyoma affects up to 50% of fertile women, leading to morbidity such as bleeding or pain. The effect of symptomatic leiomyoma on the productivity of employed women is understudied. The present study investigates productivity loss in a Swedish setting in women with symptomatic leiomyoma compared to healthy women.Material and methodsWomen seeking care for leiomyoma and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) were recruited at nine Swedish sites. Healthy controls with self-perceived mild to normal menstruation were recruited at routine visits. Cases and controls were employed without option to work from home. After recruitment, all women reported the work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) questionnaire, the pictorial blood assessment chart (PBAC) and pain on the visual analog scale (VAS).ResultsWomen with symptomatic leiomyoma (n = 88) missed more working time during menses compared to asymptomatic controls (n = 34): 7.6 vs 0.2% p = 0.003. The proportion of impairment while working was also significantly higher in women with symptomatic leiomyoma (43.8 vs 12.1% p<0.001). Moreover, cases reported greater activity impairment outside office hours (43.9 vs 12.1%, p<0.001). Among healthy controls, 69.5% reported symptoms of HMB (PBAC>100).ConclusionsSymptomatic leiomyoma leads to loss of working hours as well as loss of productivity during working hours, and affects women in other daily activities. Increased awareness of the impact of leiomyomas on women's lives is needed, and timely and appropriate management of the symptomatic leiomyomas could improve work productivity and quality of life.
| S-EPMC5995435 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Manchester-Modified Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (M(2) DASH) was developed by the authors as a modification to the original DASH questionnaire. In this study, we assessed the validity, reliability, responsiveness, and bias of the M(2) DASH questionnaire for hand injuries using completed M(2) DASH, Patient Evaluation Measure, and Michigan Hand Outcome questionnaires from 40 patients. The M(2) DASH scores showed significant positive correlations with the Patient Evaluation Measure and Michigan Hand Outcome scores suggesting validity. There was also no evidence of a statistical difference in the M(2) DASH scores when the condition had stabilized suggesting good test-retest reproducibility and reliability. The effect size and the standardized response mean for the M(2) DASH score were greater than those for the Patient Evaluation Measure and Michigan Hand Outcome scores establishing that the M(2) DASH is highly responsive. There was no gender, hand dominance, or dominant side injured bias for the M(2) DASH score. There was, however, a relatively weak association between age and the M(2) DASH score at presentation. We conclude that the M(2) DASH questionnaire is a robust region-specific outcome measure. It is a valid and responsive questionnaire with test-retest reliability proven for hand injuries in this study. Gender, handedness, and side injured did not cause bias in the responses.
| S-EPMC2787220 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundPatient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are important tools in both clinical practice and research. However, no upper extremity PROM to assess physical disability is available in Nepali. The most commonly used and recommended questionnaire for the shoulder is the Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH). Therefore, the aim of the study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the DASH into Nepali and determine its measurement properties.MethodsThe translation and cultural adaptation process followed international standard procedures. The translated Nepali version of the questionnaire (DASH-NP) was completed by 156 patients with shoulder pain from three Nepali hospitals at an initial assessment and by 121 at follow-up. A Nepali version of Global Rating of Change (GROC-NP) was completed at follow-up to dichotomise improved and stable participants. Measurement properties testing included: internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC), Minimal Detectable Change (MDC), construct validity - factor analysis, hypothesis testing with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) (Pearson Correlation = r) and responsiveness - Area Under the Curve with minimal important change.ResultsSignificant adaptations such as changing measurement units, activities and terminology were incorporated to improve cultural relevance. Internal consistency (α = 0.92) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.98, p < 0.001) were excellent. The MDC was 11 out of 100 points. There were moderate-high positive correlations with the SPADI pain and disability items (rs = 0.63 and 0.81, P < 0.001). Four factor solution was retrieved for the DASH-NP. The Area Under the Curve was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.57 - 0.81, p < 0.001) with minimal important change of 11.2/100 points.ConclusionsThe Nepali translation of the DASH is comprehensible, easy to administer via self-report or interview. It is found to be a reliable, valid, and responsive measure in patients with shoulder pain in Nepal. The DASH-NP can be used to assess shoulder pain related disability in Nepal for clinical practice or research.
| S-EPMC6429798 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAn increasing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have measured the impact of interventions on work productivity loss. Productivity loss outcome is inflated at zero and max loss values. Our study was to compare the performance of five commonly used methods in analysis of productivity loss outcomes in RCTs.MethodsWe conducted a simulation study to compare Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Negative Binominal (NB), two-part models (the non-zero part following truncated NB distribution or gamma distribution) and three-part model (the middle part between zero and max values following Beta distribution). The main number of observations each arm, Nobs, that we considered were 50, 100 and 200. Baseline productivity loss was included as a covariate.ResultsAll models performed similarly well when baseline productivity loss was set at the mean value. When baseline productivity loss was set at other values and Nobs = 50 with ≤5 subjects having max loss, two-part models performed best if the proportion of zero loss> 50% in at least one arm and otherwise, OLS performed best. When Nobs = 100 or 200, the three-part model performed best if the two arms had equal scale parameters for their productivity loss outcome distributions between zero and max values.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that when treatment effect at any given values of one single covariate is of interest, the model selection depends on the sample size, the proportions of zero loss and max loss, and the scale parameter for the productivity loss outcome distribution between zero and max loss in each arm of RCTs.
| S-EPMC8223308 | biostudies-literature