Primary temporal bone secretory meningioma presenting as chronic otitis media.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Marcelissen TA
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2440930 | biostudies-other | 2008 Jul
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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| S-EPMC6956124 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8094871 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesOtitis media (OM) is one of the most frequent diseases of childhood, with a minority of children suffering from recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) or chronic otitis media with effusion (COME), both of which are associated with significant morbidity. We investigated whether the microbiological profiling could be used to differentiate between these two conditions.MethodsChildren up to five years of age, with rAOM (n = 45) or COME (n = 129) and scheduled for tympanostomy tube insertion were enrolled in a prospective study between 2008 and 2009. Middle ear fluids (n = 119) and nasopharyngeal samples (n = 173) were collected during surgery for bacterial culture and PCR analysis to identify Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis, and to detect 15 distinct respiratory viruses.ResultsThe occurrence of bacterial and viral pathogens in middle ear fluids did not significantly differ between patients suffering from rAOM and COME. In both patient cohorts, H. influenzae and rhinovirus were the predominant pathogens in the middle ear and nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal carriage with two or three bacterial pathogens was associated with the presence of bacteria in middle ear fluid (P = 0.04). The great majority of the bacteria isolated from middle ear fluid were genetically identical to nasopharyngeal isolates from the same patient.ConclusionsBased on these results, we propose that the common perception that rAOM is associated with recurrent episodes of microbiologically mediated AOM, whereas COME is generally a sterile inflammation, should be reconsidered.
| S-EPMC7132406 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) presents with purulent otorrhea (ear discharge), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, and contributes to a significant disease burden worldwide. Current antibiotic therapy is guided by swab culture results. In the absence of detailed molecular microbiology studies of CSOM patients, our current understanding of the microbiota of CSOM (and indeed of the healthy ear) remains incomplete. In this prospective study, 24 patients with CSOM were recruited, along with 22 healthy controls. Culture-based techniques and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were used to profile the bacterial community for each patient. Comparisons between patients with and without cholesteatoma in the middle ear and mastoid cavity were also made. A major finding was that the middle ear of many healthy controls was not sterile, which is contradictory to the results of previous studies. However, sequencing data showed that Staphylococcus aureus, along with a range of other Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, were present in all subgroups of CSOM and healthy controls. Large interpatient variability in the microbiota was observed within each subgroup of CSOM and controls, and there was no bacterial community "signature" which was characteristic of either health or disease. Comparisons of the culture results with the molecular data show that culture-based techniques underestimate the diversity of bacteria found within the ear. This study reports the first detailed examination of bacterial profiles of the ear in healthy controls and patients with CSOM.
| S-EPMC5035421 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chronic Otitis Media (COM) is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid with persistent membrane perforation and hearing loss. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) play an important role in bone metabolism. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of OPG and NLRP3 gene polymorphism on ossicular chain resorption in COM. Fourty COM patients and 20 healhty control group were included in the study. While 20 patients underwent ossiculoplasty, 20 patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood using the DNA kit. OPG gene c.226A > C (p.Thr76Pro) and NLRP3 gene c.592G > A (p. Val198Met) polymorphisms were genotyped using melting curve analysis technique. NLRP3 gene polymorphism were determined in 6 of 20 patients (30%) in ossiculoplasty group, 4 of 20 patients (20%) in type 1 tympanoplasty group and 3 of 20 patients (15%) in control group. OPG gene polymorphism were determined in 5 of 20 patients (25%) in ossiculoplasty group, 3 of 20 patients (15%) in type 1 tympanoplasty group and 1 of 20 patients (5%) in control group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding to results. Although the difference was not significant NLRP3 and OPG gene polymorphisms were higher in the ossiculoplasty group. Since NLRP3 and OPG gene polymorphisms were determined to be higher numerically in the ossiculoplasty group, OPG and NLRP3 gene regulation system may have an effect on ossicular chain destruction in COM.
| S-EPMC9256871 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTemporal bone computed tomography (CT) helps diagnose chronic otitis media (COM). However, its interpretation requires training and expertise. Artificial intelligence (AI) can help clinicians evaluate COM through CT scans, but existing models lack transparency and may not fully leverage multidimensional diagnostic information.ObjectiveWe aimed to develop an explainable AI system based on 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automatic CT-based evaluation of COM.MethodsTemporal bone CT scans were retrospectively obtained from patients operated for COM between December 2015 and July 2021 at 2 independent institutes. A region of interest encompassing the middle ear was automatically segmented, and 3D CNNs were subsequently trained to identify pathological ears and cholesteatoma. An ablation study was performed to refine model architecture. Benchmark tests were conducted against a baseline 2D model and 7 clinical experts. Model performance was measured through cross-validation and external validation. Heat maps, generated using Gradient-Weighted Class Activation Mapping, were used to highlight critical decision-making regions. Finally, the AI system was assessed with a prospective cohort to aid clinicians in preoperative COM assessment.ResultsInternal and external data sets contained 1661 and 108 patients (3153 and 211 eligible ears), respectively. The 3D model exhibited decent performance with mean areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.96 (SD 0.01) and 0.93 (SD 0.01), and mean accuracies of 0.878 (SD 0.017) and 0.843 (SD 0.015), respectively, for detecting pathological ears on the 2 data sets. Similar outcomes were observed for cholesteatoma identification (mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.85, SD 0.03 and 0.83, SD 0.05; mean accuracies 0.783, SD 0.04 and 0.813, SD 0.033, respectively). The proposed 3D model achieved a commendable balance between performance and network size relative to alternative models. It significantly outperformed the 2D approach in detecting COM (P≤.05) and exhibited a substantial gain in identifying cholesteatoma (P<.001). The model also demonstrated superior diagnostic capabilities over resident fellows and the attending otologist (P<.05), rivaling all senior clinicians in both tasks. The generated heat maps properly highlighted the middle ear and mastoid regions, aligning with human knowledge in interpreting temporal bone CT. The resulting AI system achieved an accuracy of 81.8% in generating preoperative diagnoses for 121 patients and contributed to clinical decision-making in 90.1% cases.ConclusionsWe present a 3D CNN model trained to detect pathological changes and identify cholesteatoma via temporal bone CT scans. In both tasks, this model significantly outperforms the baseline 2D approach, achieving levels comparable with or surpassing those of human experts. The model also exhibits decent generalizability and enhanced comprehensibility. This AI system facilitates automatic COM assessment and shows promising viability in real-world clinical settings. These findings underscore AI's potential as a valuable aid for clinicians in COM evaluation.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000036300; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=58685.
| S-EPMC11342006 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Impact of narrow-spectrum antibiotics on the oral and fecal microbiome and resistome in a young child treated for otitis media
| PRJEB31957 | ENA
Project description:Introduction ?It is essential to determine the quality of life among individuals with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). However, there is limited literature on health-related quality of life measurements in Kannada-speaking individuals with CSOM. Objectives ?The present study attempted to translate and validate Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Questionnaire-12 (COMQ-12) and Chronic Otitis Media Outcome Test-15 (COMOT-15) in Kannada. Method ?The English questionnaires were translated and back-translated, and they were later verified for content validity. The developed questionnaires were then administered to 100 individuals with CSOM for further validation. Results ?The results of the study showed that the translated questionnaires have good internal consistency for measuring quality of life among individuals with CSOM. The study also showed that Kannada-speaking individuals with CSOM show significant impairment in their health-related quality of life measures. Conclusions ?The impairments were more related to ear symptoms and psychological issues. However, test-retest reliability of the developed questionnaire and its further validation are essential. Thus, these questionnaires attempt to understand the problems of the individuals with CSOM from the patients' perspective and help clinicians provide the appropriate management.
| S-EPMC5882366 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To study the pneumatization pattern of mastoid bone in cases of squamousal type of chronic otits media and analyze pneumatization pattern of opposite normal ear in cases of unilateral chronic otitis media (COM). A total of 94 patients (104 ears) between the age group of 7-84 years attending the E.N.T outpatients, inpatients and casualty of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Maghe), Wardha, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria were found suitable and hence selected for the present study and were subjected to bilateral X-ray mastoid (Schuller's view). HRCT temporal bone done in selected 55 patients. On analyzing patients radiologically (X-ray mastoid), it was found that out 104 ears, mastoid was pneumatized in 2 (1.92 %) diploic in 20 (19.23 %) and sclerotic in 82 (78.85 %) ears. Contralateral mastoid of 70 normal ears, mastoid was pneumatized in 30 (42.86 %) diploic in 22 (31.43 %) and sclerotic in 18 (25.71 %) ears. Most of the diseased ear demonstrated non pneumatized mastoid (98.08 %) whereas contra lateral mastoid of 70 normal ear, showed significantly more pneumatization This difference is statistically significant (P value < 0.0001). Significantly more sclerosis and non pneumatization in the ear with COM of squamousal type than the healthy contralateral ear supports the environmental theory.
| S-EPMC4678261 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Infection and inflammation of the middle ears that characterizes acute and chronic otitis media (OM), is a major reason for doctor visits and antibiotic prescription, particularly among children. Nasopharyngeal pathogens that are commonly associated with OM in humans do not naturally colonize the middle ears of rodents, and experimental models in most cases involve directly injecting large numbers of human pathogens into the middle ear bullae of rodents, where they induce a short-lived acute inflammation but fail to persist. Here we report that Bordetella pseudohinzii, a respiratory pathogen of mice, naturally, efficiently and rapidly ascends the eustachian tubes to colonize the middle ears, causing acute and chronic histopathological changes with progressive decrease in hearing acuity that closely mimics otitis media in humans. Laboratory mice experimentally inoculated intranasally with very low numbers of bacteria consistently have their middle ears colonized and subsequently transmit the bacterium to cage mates. Taking advantage of the specifically engineered and well characterized immune deficiencies available in mice we conducted experiments to uncover different roles of T and B cells in controlling bacterial numbers in the middle ear during chronic OM. The iconic mouse model provides significant advantages for elucidating aspects of host-pathogen interactions in otitis media that are currently not possible using other animal models. This natural model of otitis media permits the study of transmission between hosts, efficient early colonization of the respiratory tract, ascension of the eustachian tube, as well as colonization, pathogenesis and persistence in the middle ear. It also allows the combination of the powerful tools of mouse molecular immunology and bacterial genetics to determine the mechanistic basis for these important processes.
| S-EPMC6476515 | biostudies-literature