Childhood asthma and extreme values of body mass index: the Harlem Children's Zone Asthma Initiative.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kwon HL
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2527185 | biostudies-other | 2006 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description:Several studies have found an association between overweight and asthma, yet the temporal relationship between their onsets remains unclear. We investigated the development of body mass index (BMI) from birth to adolescence among 2,818 children with and without asthma from a Swedish birth cohort study, the BAMSE (a Swedish acronym for "children, allergy, milieu, Stockholm, epidemiology") Project, during 1994-2013. Measured weight and height were available at 13 time points throughout childhood. Asthma phenotypes (transient, persistent, and late-onset) were defined by timing of onset and remission. Quantile regression was used to analyze percentiles of BMI, and generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the association between asthma phenotypes and the risk of high BMI. Among females, BMI development differed between children with and without asthma, with the highest BMI being seen among females with persistent asthma. The difference existed throughout childhood but increased with age. For example, females with persistent asthma had 2.33 times' (95% confidence interval: 1.21, 4.49) greater odds of having a BMI above the 85th percentile at age ?15 years than females without asthma. Among males, no clear associations between asthma and BMI were observed. In this study, persistent asthma was associated with high BMI throughout childhood among females, whereas no consistent association was observed among males.
| S-EPMC5860555 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundThe relationship between obesity and asthma is an area of debate.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of elevated body mass index (BMI) at a young age and young adult asthma.MethodsBMI, questionnaires, and serologic tests results were analyzed in participants of a predominantly white, middle-class, population-based birth cohort from Detroit, Michigan at 6 to 8 and 18 years of age. Asthma diagnosis was based on medical record data. Allergen specific IgE was analyzed using UniCAP, with atopy defined as 1 or more allergen specific IgE levels of 0.35 kU/L or higher. Overweight was defined as a BMI in 85th percentile or higher.ResultsA total of 10.6% of overweight males at 6 to 8 years of age had current asthma at 18 to 20 years of age compared with 3.2% of males who were normal or underweight (relative risk [RR], 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-11.0; P=.048). A total of 19.6% of females who were overweight at 6 to 8 years of age had asthma compared with 10.3% of females who were normal or underweight (RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.9-3.9; P=.09). After adjustment for atopy at 6 to 8 years of age, overweight males had an adjusted RR of 4.7 (95% CI, 1.4-16.2; P=.01), and overweight females had an adjusted RR of 1.7 (95% CI, 0.8-3.3; P=.15). Change in BMI between 6 to 8 years of age and 18 to 20 years of age was also examined. Patients with persistently elevated BMI exhibited increased risk of asthma as young adults (RR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.2-4.7) but not with an increasing BMI (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.3-2.2) or a decreasing BMI (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.3-2.2).ConclusionOverweight males 6 to 8 years of age have increased risk of asthma as young adults. Being overweight remains a predictor of asthma after adjustment for early atopy. A similar but not statistically significant trend was also seen among overweight females. Overweight body habitus throughout childhood is a risk factor for young adult asthma.
| S-EPMC3769639 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Obesity and asthma are both common diseases with high population burden worldwide. Recent genetic association studies have shown that obesity is associated with asthma in adults. The relationship between childhood obesity and childhood asthma, and the underlying mechanisms linking obesity to asthma remain to be clarified. In the present study, leveraging large-scale genetic data from UK biobank and several other data sources, we investigated the shared genetic components between body mass index (BMI, n = 39620) in children and childhood asthma (ncase = 10524, ncontrol = 373393). We included GWAS summary statistics for nine obesity-related biomarkers to evaluate potential biological mediators underlying obesity and asthma. We found a genetic correlation (Rg = 0.10, P = 0.02) between childhood BMI and childhood asthma, whereas the genetic correlation between adult BMI (n = 371541) and childhood asthma was null (Rg = -0.03, P = 0.21). Genomic structural equation modeling analysis further provided evidence that the genetic effect of childhood BMI on childhood asthma (standardized effect size 0.17, P = 0.009) was not driven by the genetic component of adult BMI. Bayesian colocalization analysis identified a shared causal variant rs12436181 that was mapped to gene AMN using gene expression data in lung tissue. Mendelian randomization showed that the odds ratio of childhood asthma for one standard deviation higher of childhood BMI was 1.13 (95% confidence interval: 0.96-1.34). A systematic survey of obesity-related biomarkers showed that IL-6 and adiponectin are potential biological mediators linking obesity and asthma in children. This large-scale genetic study provides evidence that unique childhood obesity pathways could lead to childhood asthma. The findings shed light on childhood asthma pathogenic mechanisms and prevention.
| S-EPMC9576683 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSchools are important settings for the promotion of a healthy diet and sufficient physical activity and thus overweight prevention.ObjectiveTo assess differences in school nutrition environment and body mass index (BMI) in primary schools between and within 12 European countries.MethodsData from the World Health Organization (WHO) European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) were used (1831 and 2045 schools in 2007/2008 and 2009/2010, respectively). School personnel provided information on 18 school environmental characteristics on nutrition and physical activity. A school nutrition environment score was calculated using five nutrition-related characteristics whereby higher scores correspond to higher support for a healthy school nutrition environment. Trained field workers measured children's weight and height; BMI-for-age (BMI/A) Z-scores were computed using the 2007 WHO growth reference and, for each school, the mean of the children's BMI/A Z-scores was calculated.ResultsLarge between-country differences were found in the availability of food items on the premises (e.g., fresh fruit could be obtained in 12%-95% of schools) and school nutrition environment scores (range: 0.30-0.93). Low-score countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Latvia and Lithuania) graded less than three characteristics as supportive. High-score (?0.70) countries were Ireland, Malta, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia and Sweden. The combined absence of cold drinks containing sugar, sweet snacks and salted snacks were more observed in high-score countries than in low-score countries. Largest within-country school nutrition environment scores were found in Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Latvia and Lithuania. All country-level BMI/A Z-scores were positive (range: 0.20-1.02), indicating higher BMI values than the 2007 WHO growth reference. With the exception of Norway and Sweden, a country-specific association between the school nutrition environment score and the school BMI/A Z-score was not observed.ConclusionsSome European countries have implemented more school policies that are supportive to a healthy nutrition environment than others. However, most countries with low school nutrition environment scores also host schools with supportive school environment policies, suggesting that a uniform school policy to tackle the "unhealthy" school nutrition environment has not been implemented at the same level throughout a country and may underline the need for harmonized school policies.
| S-EPMC4245612 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceThe incidence of ischemic stroke among young adults is rising and is potentially due to an increase in stroke risk factors occurring at younger ages, such as obesity.ObjectivesTo investigate whether childhood body mass index (BMI) and change in BMI are associated with adult ischemic stroke and to assess whether the associations are age dependent or influenced by birth weight.Design, setting, and participantsThis investigation was a population-based cohort study of schoolchildren born from 1930 to 1987, with follow-up through national health registers from 1977 to 2012 in Denmark. Participants were 307?677 individuals (8899 ischemic stroke cases) with measured weight and height at ages 7 to 13 years. The dates of the analysis were September 1, 2015, to May 27, 2016.Main outcomes and measuresChildhood BMI, change in BMI, and birth weight. Ischemic stroke events were divided into early (?55 years) or late (>55 years) age at diagnosis.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 307?677 participants (approximately 49% female and 51% male). During the study period, 3529 women and 5370 men experienced an ischemic stroke. At all ages from 7 to 13 years, an above-average BMI z score was positively associated with early ischemic stroke. At age 13 years, a BMI z score of 1 was associated with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.26 (95% CI, 1.11-1.43) in women and 1.21 (95% CI, 1.10-1.33) in men. No significant associations were found for below-average BMI z scores. Among children with above-average BMI z scores at age 7 years, a score increase of 0.5 from ages 7 to 13 years was positively associated with early ischemic stroke in women (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.20) and in men (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00-1.16). Similarly, among children with below-average BMI z scores at age 7 years, a score increase of 0.5 from ages 7 to 13 years was positively associated with early ischemic stroke in women (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.06-1.23) and in men (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.18). Adjusting for birth weight minimally affected the associations.Conclusions and relevanceIndependent of birth weight, above-average childhood BMI and increases in BMI during childhood are positively associated with early adult ischemic stroke. To avoid the occurrence of early ischemic stroke associated with childhood overweight and obesity, these results suggest that all children should be helped to attain and maintain healthy weights.
| S-EPMC5710582 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages have been proposed to combat obesity. Using data on state sales taxes for soda and individual-level data on children, we examine whether small taxes are likely to change consumption and weight gain or whether larger tax increases would be needed. We find that existing taxes on soda, which are typically not much higher than 4 percent in grocery stores, do not substantially affect overall levels of soda consumption or obesity rates. We do find, however, that subgroups of at-risk children--children who are already overweight, come from low-income families, or are African American--may be more sensitive than others to soda taxes, especially when soda is available at school. A greater impact of these small taxes could come from the dedication of the revenues they generate to other obesity prevention efforts rather than through their direct effect on consumption.
| S-EPMC2864626 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To investigate the genetic architecture of severe obesity, we performed a genome-wide association study of 775 cases and 3197 unascertained controls at approximately 550,000 markers across the autosomal genome. We found convincing association to the previously described locus including the FTO gene. We also found evidence of association at a further six of 12 other loci previously reported to influence body mass index (BMI) in the general population and one of three associations to severe childhood and adult obesity and that cases have a higher proportion of risk-conferring alleles than controls. We found no evidence of homozygosity at any locus due to identity-by-descent associating with phenotype which would be indicative of rare, penetrant alleles, nor was there excess genome-wide homozygosity in cases relative to controls. Our results suggest that variants influencing BMI also contribute to severe obesity, a condition at the extreme of the phenotypic spectrum rather than a distinct condition.
| S-EPMC2729668 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Metabolic risk varies within adult body mass index (BMI) categories; however, the development of BMI-specific metabolic risk from childhood is unknown.The sample included 895 adults (20-38 years of age; 43% male, 34% black) from the Bogalusa Heart Study (1995-2002), who had been measured as children (5-18 years of age) in 1981-1982. Adult metabolic risk was assessed using two definitions: Cardiometabolic risk factor clustering (RFC) included two or more abnormal risk factors [blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and fasting glucose] and insulin resistance (IR), comprising the top quartile of the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) distribution. Logistic regression, within BMI categories, was used to predict adult metabolic risk from childhood mean arterial pressure (MAP), HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glucose, and triglycerides. Covariates included childhood age, race, sex, adult BMI, and length of follow-up.The prevalence of the adult abnormal metabolic risk profile varied by definitions of metabolic risk (normal weight, 5%-9%; overweight, 15%-23%; and obese, 40%-53%). The adult abnormal profile was associated with higher childhood LDL-C [IR, odds ratio (OR), 1.95; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-3.58) and insulin (IR, OR, 1.69; CI, 1.10-2.58) in normal-weight adults; lower childhood HDL-C in overweight adults (RFC, OR, 0.61; CI, 0.40-0.94); and higher childhood MAP (RFC, OR, 1.75; CI, 1.24-2.47) and glucose (IR, OR,1.38; CI, 1.06-1.81) in obese adults.Some childhood metabolic risk factors are moderately associated with adult BMI-specific metabolic risk profiles. The ability to identify children with high future adult cardiovascular risk may initiate early treatment options.
| S-EPMC3035100 | biostudies-other
Project description:AIMS:We evaluated the relationship between body mass index (BMI), including low BMI, and nocturia in Japanese women. METHODS:We collected data on 18?952 women who participated in a multiphasic health screening in Fukui, Japan, in 2006. The participants were asked to report any current or previous disease. Self-reported current body weight and height were used to calculate the BMI. We analyzed the relationship between nocturia, as assessed by a questionnaire, and other variables including age, BMI, and comorbidities. RESULTS:The participants' mean age was 60.6 years. Overall, the prevalence of nocturia (two or more voids/night) was 4.3% and increased in an age-dependent manner. BMI did not affect nocturia in the young participants. The prevalence of nocturia was higher in the high-BMI women (>25.0?kg/m 2 ) in their fifth and sixth decades, but the prevalence was higher in the low-BMI (<18.5?kg/m 2 ) in the women more than 80-years old. A multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between nocturia and the following: age, BMI, sleep disturbance, arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Not only high BMI (which is already reported as a risk of nocturia) but also low BMI was a factor related to nocturia. CONCLUSION:Our findings indicate that in addition to obesity, low BMI is a factor of nocturia in women.
| S-EPMC6852590 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Previously, we found that excess weight already in childhood has positive associations with endometrial cancer; however, associations with changes in body mass index (BMI) during childhood are not well understood. Therefore, we examined whether growth in childhood BMI is associated with endometrial cancer and its sub-types. A cohort of 155,505 girls from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register with measured weights and heights at the ages of 6-14 years and born 1930-1989 formed the analytical population. BMI was transformed to age-specific z scores. Using linear spline multilevel models, each girl's BMI growth trajectory was estimated as the deviance from the average trajectory for three different growth periods (6.25-7.99, 8.0-10.99, 11.0-14.0 years). Via a link to health registers, 1,020 endometrial cancer cases were identified, and Cox regressions were performed. A greater gain in BMI during childhood was positively associated with endometrial cancer but no differences between the different growth periods were detected in models adjusted for baseline BMI. The hazard ratios for the associations with overall growth during childhood per 0.1 z score increase were 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.24) for all endometrial cancers, 1.12 (95% CI: 1.04-1.21) for estrogen-dependent cancers, 1.16 (95% CI: 1.06-1.26) for endometrioid adenocarcinomas and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.16-1.84) for non-estrogen-dependent cancers. Growth in BMI in early life is positively linked to later endometrial cancer risk. We did not identify any sensitive childhood growth period, which suggests that excess gain in BMI during the entire childhood period should be avoided.
| S-EPMC5132154 | biostudies-literature