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OXI1 protein kinase is required for plant immunity against Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis.

ABSTRACT: Expression of the Arabidopsis Oxidative Signal-Inducible1 (OXI1) serine/threonine protein kinase gene (At3g25250) is induced by oxidative stress. The kinase is required for root hair development and basal defence against the oomycete pathogen Hyaloperonospora parasitica, two separate H(2)O(2)-mediated processes. In this study, the role of OXI1 during pathogenesis was characterized further. Null oxi1 mutants are more susceptible to both virulent and avirulent strains of the biotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae compared with the wild type, indicating that OXI1 positively regulates both basal resistance triggered by the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, as well as effector-triggered immunity. The level of OXI1 expression appears to be critical in mounting an appropriate defence response since OXI1 overexpressor lines also display increased susceptibility to biotrophic pathogens. The induction of OXI1 after P. syringae infection spatially and temporally correlates with the oxidative burst. Furthermore, induction is reduced in atrbohD mutants and after application of DPI (an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases) suggesting that reactive oxygen species produced through NADPH oxidases drives OXI1 expression during this plant-pathogen interaction.

SUBMITTER: Petersen LN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2736892 | biostudies-other | 2009

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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OXI1 protein kinase is required for plant immunity against Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis.

Petersen Lindsay N LN Ingle Robert A RA Knight Marc R MR Denby Katherine J KJ

Journal of experimental botany 20090702 13

Expression of the Arabidopsis Oxidative Signal-Inducible1 (OXI1) serine/threonine protein kinase gene (At3g25250) is induced by oxidative stress. The kinase is required for root hair development and basal defence against the oomycete pathogen Hyaloperonospora parasitica, two separate H(2)O(2)-mediated processes. In this study, the role of OXI1 during pathogenesis was characterized further. Null oxi1 mutants are more susceptible to both virulent and avirulent strains of the biotrophic bacterial p ...[more]

PMID: 19574254

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Project description:The bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae deploys a type III secretion system (T3SS) to deliver effector proteins into plant cells to facilitate infection, for which many effectors have been characterized for their interactions. However, few T3SS Hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) proteins from the T3SS secretion apparatus have been studied for their direct interactions with plants. Here, we show that the P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 T3SS protein HrpP induces host cell death, suppresses pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), and restores the effector translocation ability of the hrpP mutant. The hrpP-transgenic Arabidopsis lines exhibited decreased PTI responses to flg22 and elf18 and enhanced disease susceptibility to P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Transcriptome analysis reveals that HrpP sensing activates salicylic acid (SA) signaling while suppressing jasmonic acid (JA) signaling, which correlates with increased SA accumulation and decreased JA biosynthesis. Both yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays show that HrpP interacts with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MKK2) on the plant membrane and in the nucleus. The HrpP truncation HrpP1-119, rather than HrpP1-101, retains the ability to interact with MKK2 and suppress PTI in plants. In contrast, HrpP1-101 continues to cause cell death and electrolyte leakage. MKK2 silencing compromises SA signaling but has no effect on cell death caused by HrpP. Overall, our work highlights that the P. syringae T3SS protein HrpP facilitates effector translocation and manipulates plant immunity to facilitate bacterial infection. IMPORTANCE The T3SS is required for the virulence of many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens of plants and animals. This study focuses on the sensing and function of the T3SS protein HrpP during plant interactions. Our findings show that HrpP and its N-terminal truncation HrpP1-119 can interact with MKK2, promote effector translocation, and manipulate plant immunity to facilitate bacterial infection, highlighting the P. syringae T3SS component involved in the fine-tuning of plant immunity.

Dataset Information

OXI1 protein kinase is required for plant immunity against Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis.

Publications

OXI1 protein kinase is required for plant immunity against Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis.

Similar Datasets

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