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Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding baboon liver alcohol dehydrogenase: evidence for a common ancestral lineage with the human alcohol dehydrogenase beta subunit and for class I ADH gene duplications predating primate radiation.

ABSTRACT: The baboon has at least five alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH; alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.1) and has distinct liver and kidney class I isozymes. A rat liver class I ADH partial cDNA was used to screen a baboon liver cDNA library. A cDNA clone was isolated and sequenced and found to contain the entire coding region for baboon liver ADH, 12 nucleotides of the 5' noncoding region, and 256 nucleotides of the 3' noncoding region. The amino acid sequence deduced from this cDNA most closely resembles that of human liver ADH beta subunit (ADH-beta): 363 of 374 residues were identical. This suggested that baboon liver class I ADH is of the same ancestral lineage as the human ADH-beta. In contrast to human liver, only a single ADH-beta transcript is observed in baboon liver. A comparison of human and baboon ADH 3' noncoding regions suggests that a single nucleotide change in a polyadenylylation signal consensus sequence may, in part, be responsible for the generation of ADH-beta transcripts with variable-length 3' ends in human liver. A nucleotide substitution rate of 0.5 x 10(-9) substitutions per site per year for primate class I ADH genes was deduced from the data, which suggests that the alpha-beta gamma separation of human ADH genes occurred about 60 million years ago, and that primate class I ADH gene duplications predated primate radiation.

SUBMITTER: Trezise AE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC297641 | biostudies-other | 1989 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding baboon liver alcohol dehydrogenase: evidence for a common ancestral lineage with the human alcohol dehydrogenase beta subunit and for class I ADH gene duplications predating primate radiation.

Trezise A E AE Godfrey E A EA Holmes R S RS Beacham I R IR

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 19890701 14

The baboon has at least five alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH; alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.1) and has distinct liver and kidney class I isozymes. A rat liver class I ADH partial cDNA was used to screen a baboon liver cDNA library. A cDNA clone was isolated and sequenced and found to contain the entire coding region for baboon liver ADH, 12 nucleotides of the 5' noncoding region, and 256 nucleotides of the 3' noncoding region. The amino acid sequence deduced from this cDNA most closely resem ...[more]

PMID: 2748595

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Project description:BackgroundIn 2005, a new primate species from Tanzania, the kipunji, was described and recognized as a member of the mangabey genus Lophocebus. However, molecular investigations based upon a number of papionins, including a limited sample of baboons of mainly unknown geographic origin, identified the kipunji as a sister taxon to Papio and not as a member of Lophocebus. Accordingly, the kipunji was separated into its own monotypic genus, Rungwecebus.Methodology/principal findingsWe compare available mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data from the voucher specimen of Rungwecebus to other papionin lineages, including a set of geographically proximal (parapatric) baboon samples. Based on mitochondrial sequence data the kipunji clusters with baboon lineages that lie nearest to it geographically, i.e. populations of yellow and chacma baboons from south-eastern Africa, and thus does not represent a sister taxon to Papio. Nuclear data support a Papio+Rungwecebus clade, but it remains questionable whether Rungwecebus represents a sister taxon to Papio, or whether it is nested within the genus as depicted by the mitochondrial phylogeny.Conclusions/significanceOur study clearly supports a close relationship between Rungwecebus and Papio and might indicate that the kipunji is congeneric with baboon species. However, due to its morphological and ecological uniqueness Rungwecebus more likely represents a sister lineage to Papio and experienced later introgressive hybridization. Presumably, male (proto-)kipunjis reproduced with sympatric female baboons. Subsequent backcrossing of the hybrids with kipunjis would have resulted in a population with a nuclear kipunji genome, but which retained the yellow/chacma baboon mitochondrial genome. Since only one kipunji specimen was studied, it remains unclear whether all members of the new genus have been impacted by intergeneric introgression or rather only some populations. Further studies with additional Rungwecebus samples are necessary to elucidate the complete evolutionary history of this newly-described primate genus.

Dataset Information

Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding baboon liver alcohol dehydrogenase: evidence for a common ancestral lineage with the human alcohol dehydrogenase beta subunit and for class I ADH gene duplications predating primate radiation.

Publications

Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding baboon liver alcohol dehydrogenase: evidence for a common ancestral lineage with the human alcohol dehydrogenase beta subunit and for class I ADH gene duplications predating primate radiation.

Similar Datasets

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