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Thin Film Elastic Modulus of Degradable Tyrosine-Derived Polycarbonate Biomaterials and Their Blends.

ABSTRACT: The integrity, function, and performance of biomedical devices having thin polymeric coatings are critically dependent on the mechanical properties of the film, including the elastic modulus. In this report, the elastic moduli of several tyrosine-derived polycarbonate thin films, specifically desaminotyrosyl ethyl tyrosine polycarbonates p(DTE carbonate), an iodinated derivative p(I(2)-DTE carbonate), and several discrete blends are measured using a method based on surface wrinkling. The data shows that the elastic modulus does not vary significantly with the blend composition as the weight percentage of p(I(2)-DTE carbonate) increases for films of uniform thickness in the range of 67 to 200 nm. As a function of film thickness, the observed elastic moduli of p(DTE carbonate), p(I(2)-DTE carbonate) and their 50:50 by mass blend show little variation over the range 30 to 200 nm.

SUBMITTER: Aamer KA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3092710 | biostudies-other | 2009 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Thin Film Elastic Modulus of Degradable Tyrosine-Derived Polycarbonate Biomaterials and Their Blends.

Aamer Khaled A KA Stafford Christopher M CM Richter Lee J LJ Kohn Joachim J Becker Matthew L ML

Macromolecules 20090101 4

The integrity, function, and performance of biomedical devices having thin polymeric coatings are critically dependent on the mechanical properties of the film, including the elastic modulus. In this report, the elastic moduli of several tyrosine-derived polycarbonate thin films, specifically desaminotyrosyl ethyl tyrosine polycarbonates p(DTE carbonate), an iodinated derivative p(I(2)-DTE carbonate), and several discrete blends are measured using a method based on surface wrinkling. The data sh ...[more]

PMID: 21572899

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Project description:Here we present a new model for alveolar jaw bone regeneration, which uses human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) combined with tyrosine-derived polycarbonate polymer scaffolds [E1001(1k)] containing beta-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP) [E1001(1k)/?-TCP]. E1001(1k)/?-TCP scaffolds (5?mm diameter?×?1?mm thickness) were fabricated to fit a 5?mm rat mandibular ramus critical bone defect. Five experimental groups were examined in this study: (1) E1001(1k)/?-TCP scaffolds seeded with a high density of hDPCs, 5.0?×?10(5) hDPCs/scaffold (CH); (2) E1001(1k)/?-TCP scaffolds seeded with a lower density of hDPCs, 2.5?×?10(5) hDPCs/scaffold (CL); (3) acellular E1001(1k)/?-TCP scaffolds (SA); (4) acellular E1001(1k)/?-TCP scaffolds supplemented with 4??g recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP); and (5) empty defects (EDs). Replicate hDPC-seeded and acellular E1001(1k)/?-TCP scaffolds were cultured in vitro in osteogenic media for 1 week before implantation for 3 and 6 weeks. Live microcomputed tomography (?CT) imaging at 3 and 6 weeks postimplantation revealed robust bone regeneration in the BMP implant group. CH and CL groups exhibited similar uniformly distributed mineralized tissue coverage throughout the defects, but less than the BMP implants. In contrast, SA-treated defects exhibited sparse areas of mineralized tissue regeneration. The ED group exhibited slightly reduced defect size. Histological analyses revealed no indication of an immune response. In addition, robust expression of dentin and bone differentiation marker expression was observed in hDPC-seeded scaffolds, whereas, in contrast, BMP and SA implants exhibited only bone and not dentin differentiation marker expression. hDPCs were detected in 3-week but not in 6-week hDPC-seeded scaffold groups, indicating their survival for at least 3 weeks. Together, these results show that hDPC-seeded E1001(1k)/?-TCP scaffolds support the rapid regeneration of osteo-dentin-like mineralized jaw tissue, suggesting a promising new therapy for alveolar jaw bone repair and regeneration.

Project description:For successful therapeutic interventions in cancer immunotherapy, strong antigen-specific immune responses are required. To this end, immunostimulating cues must be combined with antigens to simultaneously arrive at antigen-presenting cells and initiate cellular immune responses. Recently, imidazoquinolines have shown their vast potential as small molecular Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonists for immunostimulation when delivered by nanocarriers. At the same time, peptide antigens are promising antigen candidates but require combination with immune-stimulating adjuvants to boost their immunogenicity and exploit their full potential. Consequently, we herein present biodegradable polycarbonate nanogels as versatile delivery system for adjuvants within the particles' core as well as for peptide antigens by surface decoration. For that purpose, orthogonally addressable multifunctional polycarbonate block copolymers were synthesized, enabling adjuvant conjugation through reactive ester chemistry and peptide decoration by strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC). In preparation for SPAAC, CD4+-specific peptide sequences of the model protein antigen ovalbumin were equipped with DBCO-moieties by site-selective modification at their N-terminal cysteine. With their azide groups exposed on their surface, the adjuvant-loaded nanogels were then efficiently decorated with DBCO-functional CD4+-peptides by SPAAC. In vitro evaluation of the adjuvant-loaded peptide-decorated gels then confirmed their strong immunostimulating properties as well as their high biocompatibility. Despite their covalent conjugation, the CD4+-peptide-decorated nanogels led to maturation of primary antigen-presenting cells and the downstream priming of CD4+-T cells. Subsequently, the peptide-decorated nanogels loaded with TLR7/8 agonist were successfully processed by antigen-presenting cells, enabling potent immune responses for future application in antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy.

Dataset Information

Thin Film Elastic Modulus of Degradable Tyrosine-Derived Polycarbonate Biomaterials and Their Blends.

Publications

Thin Film Elastic Modulus of Degradable Tyrosine-Derived Polycarbonate Biomaterials and Their Blends.

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