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Targeted deletion of one or two copies of the G protein ? subunit G?5 gene has distinct effects on body weight and behavior in mice.

ABSTRACT: We investigated the physiological role of G?5, a unique G protein ? subunit that dimerizes with regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins of the R7 family instead of G?. G?5 is essential for stability of these complexes, so that its knockout (KO)causes degradation of the entire G?5-R7 family. We report that the G?5-KO mice remain leaner than the wild type (WT) throughout their lifetime and are resistant to a high-fat diet. They have a 5-fold increase in locomotor activity, increased thermogenesis, and lower serum insulin, all of which correlate with a higher level of secreted epinephrine. Heterozygous (HET) mice are 2-fold more active than WT mice. Surprisingly, with respect to body weight, the HET mice display a phenotype opposite to that of the KO mice: by the age of 6 mo, they are ? 15% heavier than the WT and have increased adiposity, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis. These changes occur in HET mice fed a normal diet and without apparent hyperphagia, mimicking basic characteristics of human metabolic syndrome. We conclude that even a partial reduction in G?5-R7 level can perturb normal animal metabolism and behavior. Our data on G?5 haploinsufficient mice may explain earlier observations of genetic linkage between R7 family mutations and obesity in humans.

SUBMITTER: Wang Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3205839 | biostudies-other | 2011 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Targeted deletion of one or two copies of the G protein β subunit Gβ5 gene has distinct effects on body weight and behavior in mice.

Wang Qiang Q Levay Konstantin K Chanturiya Tatyana T Dvoriantchikova Galina G Anderson Karen L KL Bianco Suzy D C SD Ueta Cintia B CB Molano R Damaris RD Pileggi Antonello A Gurevich Eugenia V EV Gavrilova Oksana O Slepak Vladlen Z VZ

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 20110730 11

We investigated the physiological role of Gβ5, a unique G protein β subunit that dimerizes with regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins of the R7 family instead of Gγ. Gβ5 is essential for stability of these complexes, so that its knockout (KO)causes degradation of the entire Gβ5-R7 family. We report that the Gβ5-KO mice remain leaner than the wild type (WT) throughout their lifetime and are resistant to a high-fat diet. They have a 5-fold increase in locomotor activity, increased therm ...[more]

PMID: 21804131

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Project description:BackgroundObesity is a worldwide public health issue, not only because it is associated with numerous comorbid diseases but also because of its impact on the social level. This study aims to investigate (a) whether altruistic behavior differs between people with obesity and people who are not obese, (b) altruistic behavior toward people who are obese, in particular, women who are obese, and (c) implicit and explicit attitudes toward people with obesity as predictors for divergent altruistic behavior.MethodsAn experimental approach called the dictator game was applied. In total, 168 participants of normal weight were asked to divide a monetary reward between themselves and two opponents, one person who was obese and one with normal weight. In addition, participants' implicit and explicit attitudes toward people with obesity as well as other sociodemographic data were assessed.ResultsWe found that altruistic behavior did not differ between obese and nonobese opponents (t(166) = -0.57, p = 0.71), nor did we find less altruistic attitudes toward women with obesity (t(85) = -0.03, p = 0.39). Linear regression models show less altruistic behavior among people with stronger explicit antifat attitudes (p = 0.015). However, although we found that participants held implicit attitudes toward people with obesity, these attitudes did not predict altruistic behavior toward people with obesity.ConclusionAlthough numerous studies reported discrimination toward people with obesity in several areas of life, we did not find discrimination in form of less altruistic behavior toward people with obesity. Moreover, although we found implicit antifat attitudes among the participants, these attitudes did not predict altruistic behavior toward people of divergent weight groups. Therefore, future research should investigate more intensively the diverse facets of discrimination toward people with obesity, if and to what extent implicit antifat attitudes have a quantifiable impact on the stigmatization and or discrimination process, and the hypotheses in a more hidden way, since manipulation check revealed that the majority of participants anticipated the underlying idea of the dictator game.

Dataset Information

Targeted deletion of one or two copies of the G protein ? subunit G?5 gene has distinct effects on body weight and behavior in mice.

Publications

Targeted deletion of one or two copies of the G protein β subunit Gβ5 gene has distinct effects on body weight and behavior in mice.

Similar Datasets

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