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Role of maintenance rituximab (rituxan) therapy in the treatment of follicular lymphoma.

ABSTRACT: Although follicular lymphoma remains incurable, recent advances in first-line therapy have resulted in improved response rates and response duration. Maintenance therapy with rituximab (Rituxan) after induction treatment with rituximab alone or chemotherapy in combination with or without rituximab has resulted in further improvement in progression-free survival in both treatment-naive and previously treated patients. Efficacy results from the large phase 3, randomized Primary Rituximab and Maintenance (PRIMA) trial in the first-line setting have dem onstrated significant improvements in progression-free survival, in the rate of patients achieving complete remission, and in the proportion of patients remaining in complete remission using maintenance rituximab.The use of maintenance therapy is also under study in additional hematological malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clinical investigation is ongoing to address the optimal duration of maintenance therapy and the question of whether re-treatment upon disease progression is as beneficial as maintenance for follicular lymphoma.

SUBMITTER: Fowler NH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3278141 | biostudies-other | 2011 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Role of maintenance rituximab (rituxan) therapy in the treatment of follicular lymphoma.

Fowler Nathan H NH

P & T : a peer-reviewed journal for formulary management 20110901 9

Although follicular lymphoma remains incurable, recent advances in first-line therapy have resulted in improved response rates and response duration. Maintenance therapy with rituximab (Rituxan) after induction treatment with rituximab alone or chemotherapy in combination with or without rituximab has resulted in further improvement in progression-free survival in both treatment-naive and previously treated patients. Efficacy results from the large phase 3, randomized Primary Rituximab and Maint ...[more]

PMID: 22346327

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Project description:Phase 3 randomized trials have shown that maintenance rituximab (MR) therapy or radioimmunotherapy (RIT) consolidation following frontline therapy can improve progression-free survival for patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), but the cost-effectiveness of these approaches with respect to observation has not been examined using a common modeling framework.To evaluate and compare the economic impact of MR and RIT consolidation versus observation, respectively, following the first-line induction therapy for patients with advanced-stage FL.We developed Markov models to estimate patients' lifetime costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and life-years (LYs) after MR, RIT, and observation following frontline FL treatment from the US payer's perspective. Progression risks, adverse event probabilities, costs, and utilities were estimated from clinical data of Primary RItuximab and MAintenance (PRIMA) trial, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) trial (for MR), and First-line Indolent Trial (for RIT) and the published literature. We evaluated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for direct comparisons between MR/RIT and observation. Model robustness was addressed by one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.Compared with observation, MR provided an additional 1.089 QALYs (1.099 LYs) and 1.399 QALYs (1.391 LYs) on the basis of the PRIMA trial and the ECOG trial, respectively, and RIT provided an additional 1.026 QALYs (1.034 LYs). The incremental cost per QALY gained was $40,335 (PRIMA) or $37,412 (ECOG) for MR and $40,851 for RIT. MR and RIT had comparable incremental QALYs before first progression, whereas RIT had higher incremental costs of adverse events due to higher incidences of cytopenias.MR and RIT following frontline FL therapy demonstrated favorable and similar cost-effectiveness profiles. The model results should be interpreted within the specific clinical settings of each trial. Selection of MR, RIT, or observation should be based on patient characteristics and expected trade-offs for these alternatives.

Project description:PurposeThe addition of rituximab to standard chemotherapy has significantly improved survival in patients with lymphoma. Recently, maintenance therapy with rituximab has been shown to prevent relapse and provide survival benefits for patients with follicular or mantle cell lymphoma. However, the effects of rituximab in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remain unclear. Two new studies involving rituximab in the treatment of DLBCL were performed this past year. We performed a meta analysis to evaluate the effects of rituximab maintenance treatment of patients with DLBCL.MethodsSeveral databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) databases were reviewed for relevant randomized controlled trials published prior to May, 2016. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the included studies and extracted data independently. The hazard ratios (HRs) for time-to-event data and relative risks (RRs) for the other data were pooled and estimated.ResultsTotally 5 studies including 1740 patients were eligible for the meta-analysis. Compared to the observation group, patients who received rituximab maintenance therapy had significantly improved event-free survival (EFS) (HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65-0.98) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54-0.94). However, there was no statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.27-1.29). A subgroup analysis suggested that male patients may benefit from rituximab maintenance therapy with a better EFS (HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34-0.82-), while this advantage was not observed in female patients (HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.64-1.52).ConclusionsRituximab maintenance may provide survival benefits beyond that afforded by first- and second-line chemotherapy alone, especially in male patients. However, maintenance rituximab treatment may cause more adverse events. It is recommended that both survival benefits and adverse events should be taken into consideration when making treatment decisions.

Dataset Information

Role of maintenance rituximab (rituxan) therapy in the treatment of follicular lymphoma.

Publications

Role of maintenance rituximab (rituxan) therapy in the treatment of follicular lymphoma.

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